| Botanical name | Synonyms | Family | Common name |
| Abelia chinensis | | Caprifoliaceae | Chinese Abelia |
| Abelia triflora | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Abelia |
| Abelia X grandiflora | | Caprifoliaceae | Glossy Abelia |
| Abelmoschus crinitus | Hibiscus cancellatus | Malvaceae | Hairy Okra |
| Abelmoschus esculentus | | Malvaceae | Ladies Finger |
| Abelmoschus ficulneus | Hibiscus ficulneus | Malvaceae | White Wild Musk Mallow |
| Abelmoschus manihot | Hibiscus manihot | Malvaceae | Sweet Hibiscus |
| Abelmoschus moschatus subsp. tuberosus | Abelmoschus rugosus, Abelmoschus coccineus | Malvaceae | Pink Swamp Mallow |
| Abelmoschus moschatus | Hibiscus abelmoschu | Malvaceae | Musk Mallow |
| Abies delavayi | | Pinaceae | Delavay Fir |
| Abies pindrow | Abies himalayensis, Pinus pindrow, Pinus spectabilis var. pindrow | Pinaceae | West-Himalayan Silver Fir |
| Abies spectabilis | Pinus spectabilis, Pinus webbiana | Pinaceae | Himalayan Silver Fir |
| Abroma augusta | Abroma alata, Abroma elongata, Abroma angulosa | Sterculiaceae | Devil's Cotton |
| Abrus precatorius | | Fabaceae | Gunj |
| Abrus pulchellus | Abrus laevigatus, Abrus stictosperma | Fabaceae | Showy Rosary Pea |
| Abutilon hirtum var. heterotrichum | Abutilon heterotrichum, Abutilon lugardii | Malvaceae | Hairy Indian Mallow |
| Abutilon indicum | Sida indica | Malvaceae | Indian Mallow |
| Abutilon megapotamicum | | Malvaceae | Trailing Abutilon |
| Abutilon pannosum | Sida pannosa, Abutilon muticum, Abutilon glaucum | Malvaceae | Ragged Mallow |
| Abutilon persicum | | Malvaceae | Persian Mallow |
| Abutilon pictum | Abutilon striatum, Abutilon thompsonii, Sida picta | Malvaceae | Painted Mallow |
| Abutilon ranadei | | Malvaceae | Son Ghanta |
| Abutilon theophrasti | Sida planiflora, Abutilon avicennae, Malva abutilon | Malvaceae | Buttonweed |
| Acacia auriculiformis | | Mimosaceae | Earleaf Acacia |
| Acacia catechu | Mimosa catechu, Acacia wallichiana | Mimosaceae | Cutch Tree |
| Acacia concinna | Acacia hooperiana, Acacia sinuata, Mimosa concinna | Mimosaceae | Shikakai |
| Acacia confusa | | Mimosaceae | Formosa Acacia |
| Acacia farnesiana | Acacia acicularis, Acacia minuta, Mimosa farnesiana | Mimosaceae | Mimosa Bush |
| Acacia ferruginea | Mimosa ferruginea | Mimosaceae | Rusty Acacia |
| Acacia leucophloea | Mimosa leucophloea | Mimosaceae | White Bark Acacia |
| Acacia mangium | Racosperma mangium, Mangium montanum | Mimosaceae | Hickory Wattle |
| Acacia mearnsii | | Mimosaceae | Black Wattle |
| Acacia melanoxylon | Acacia arcuata, Acacia melanoxylum, Mimosa melanoxylon, Mimosa melanoxylum | Mimosaceae | Australian Blackwood |
| Acacia nilotica ssp. tomentosa | Acacia arabica var. tomentosa, Acacia nilotica var. tomentosa | Mimosaceae | Tomentose Babool |
| Acacia nilotica subsp. indica | | Mimosaceae | Babool |
| Acacia pennata | Mimosa pennata, Acacia pendata, Acacia delavayi | Mimosaceae | Climbing Acacia |
| Acacia senegal | Acacia verek | Mimosaceae | Gum Arabic Tree |
| Acacia torta | Mimosa torta, Acacia intsia, Acacia caesia | Mimosaceae | Twisted Acacia |
| Acalypha capitata | Ricinocarpus capitatus, Acalypha alnifolia , Ricinocarpus alnifolius | Euphorbiaceae | Alder Leaved Cat Tail |
| Acalypha chamaedrifolia | Acalypha reptans, Acalypha hispaniolae, Croton chamaedrifolius | Euphorbiaceae | Dwarf Cat Tail |
| Acalypha hispida | | Euphorbiaceae | Cat's Tail |
| Acalypha lanceolata | Acalypha boehmerioides | Euphorbiaceae | Toothed Bract Indian Copperleaf |
| Acalypha lanceolata | Acalypha indica, Acalypha albicans, Acalypha boehmerioides, Acalypha collina, Acalypha hispida | Euphorbiaceae | Indian Copperleaf |
| Acalypha malabarica | Ricinocarpus malabaricus | Euphorbiaceae | Malabar Copperleaf |
| Acalypha wilkesiana | | Euphorbiaceae | Copperleaf green |
| Acalypha wilkesiana | | Euphorbiaceae | Copperleaf |
| Acampe papillosa | Acampe carinata | Orchidaceae | Small Warty Acampe |
| Acampe praemorsa | | Orchidaceae | Acampe Orchid |
| Acanthospermum hispidum | | Asteraceae | Bristly Starbur |
| Acanthus ilicifolius | | Acanthaceae | Sea Holly |
| Acanthus montanus | | Acanthaceae | Mountain Thistle |
| Acanthus spinosus | | Acanthaceae | Bear's Breeches |
| Acer acuminatum | Acer caudatum | Aceraceae | Tapering Leaf Maple |
| Acer caesium | Acer molle | Aceraceae | Bluish Grey Maple |
| Acer cappadocicum | Acer divergens, Acer laetum | Aceraceae | Caucasian Maple |
| Acer negundo | | Aceraceae | Three-Leaved Maple |
| Acer oblongum | | Aceraceae | Himalayan Maple |
| Achillea filipendulina | | Asteraceae | Fernleaf Yarrow |
| Achillea millefolium | Achillea lanulosa, Achillea magna | Asteraceae | Common Yarrow |
| Achillea ptarmica | Achillea grandis, Chrysanthemum ptarmicifolium | Asteraceae | Sneezeweed |
| Achimenes longiflora | | Gesneriaceae | Cupid's Bower |
| Achyranthes aspera | | Amaranthaceae | Prickly Chaff Flower |
| Achyranthes bidentata | | Amaranthaceae | Ox Knee |
| Achyranthes coynei | | Amaranthaceae | Coyne's Chaff Flower |
| Acmella ciliata | Spilanthes ciliata, Acmella fimbriata, Ceratocephalus ciliatus | Asteraceae | Fringed Pod Toothache Plant |
| Acmella oleracea | Spilanthes acmella var. oleracea, Spilanthes fusca | Asteraceae | Toothache Plant |
| Acmella paniculata | Spilanthes paniculata, Spilanthes acmella var. paniculata | Asteraceae | Panicled Spot Flower |
| Acmella radicans | Spilanthes radicans, Acmella tenella, Spilanthes debilis | Asteraceae | White Spot-Flower |
| Acmella uliginosa | Spilanthes uliginosa | Asteraceae | Marsh Para Cress |
| Acnistus arborescens | | Solanaceae | Gallinero |
| Acokanthera oppositifolia | Acokanthera longiflora, Acokanthera venenata, Cestrum oppositifolium | Apocynaceae | Poison Bush |
| Acomastylis elata | Geum elatum, Acomastylis humilis, Sieversia elata | Rosaceae | High Avens |
| Aconitum chasmanthum | | Ranunculaceae | Gaping Monkshood |
| Aconitum ferox | | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Monkshood |
| Aconitum heterophyllum | | Ranunculaceae | Indian Atees |
| Aconitum hookerii | | Ranunculaceae | Hooker's Monkshood |
| Aconitum laeve | Aconitum vitifolium | Ranunculaceae | Grape-Leaved Monkshood |
| Aconitum rotundifolium | Aconitum tianschanicum, Aconitum napellus var. rotundifolium | Ranunculaceae | Roundleaf Monkshood |
| Aconitum violaceum | Aconitum weileri | Ranunculaceae | Violet Monkshood |
| Aconogonon rumicifolium | Aconogonum rumicifolium, Polygonum rumicifolium | Polygonaceae | Dock-Leaf Knotweed |
| Acorus calamus | | Araceae | Sweet Flag |
| Acriopsis liliifolia | Acriopsis harae | Orchidaceae | Lily Leaf Acriopsis |
| Acrocarpus fraxinifolius | | Caesalpiniaceae | Pink Cedar |
| Acrotrema arnottianum | | Dilleniaceae | Arnott's Acrotrema |
| Actaea spicata var. acuminata | Actaea acuminata | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Baneberry |
| Actinodaphne hookeri | | Lauraceae | Pisa |
| Adansonia digitata | | Bombacaceae | Baobab |
| Adelocaryum coelestinum | Cynoglossum coelestinum, Paracaryopsis coelestina, Paracaryum coelestinum | Boraginaceae | Common Hill Borage |
| Adelocaryum lambertianum | Paracaryum lambertianum, Mattiastrum lambertianum, Paracaryopsis lambertiana | Boraginaceae | Lambert's Borage |
| Adenanthera microsperma | Adenanthera pavonina var. microsperma | Mimosaceae | Bead Tree |
| Adenanthera pavonina | Adenanthera gersenii, Adenanthera polita, Corallaria parvifolia | Mimosaceae | Red Sandalwood |
| Adenium obesum | | Apocynaceae | Desert Rose |
| Adenocalymna comosum | Bignonia comosa | Bignoniaceae | Yellow Trumpet Vine |
| Adenoon indicum | | Asteraceae | Blue Sonki |
| Adenostemma lavenia | Verbesina lavenia, Adenostemma viscosum | Asteraceae | Sticky Daisy |
| Adonis aestivalis | | Ranunculaceae | Pheasant's Eye |
| Adonis chrysocyathus | Adonis margaritae, Chrysocyathus falconeri | Ranunculaceae | Yellow Himalayan Oxeye Daisy |
| Aechmanthera gossypina | Aechmanthera tomentosa, Ruellia tomentosa | Acanthaceae | Blue Trumpet Bush |
| Aechmea distichantha | | Bromeliaceae | Brazilian Vaseplant |
| Aechmea fasciata | | Bromeliaceae | Silver Vase Bromeliad |
| Aechmea gamosepala | | Bromeliaceae | Match Stick Plant |
| Aegiceras corniculatum | Rhizophora corniculata | Myrsinaceae | River Mangrove |
| Aegilops tauschii | | Poaceae | Tausch's Goat-Grass |
| Aeginetia indica | | Orobanchaceae | Forest Ghost Flower |
| Aegle marmelos | Crateva marmelos, Aegle marmelos var. mahurensis | Rutaceae | Bel |
| Aeluropus lagopoides | Poa pungens, Poa repens, Aeluropus concinnus | Poaceae | Mangrove Grass |
| Aeonium spp. | | Crassulaceae | Aeonium |
| Aerides crispa | Aerides crispum | Orchidaceae | Curled Aerides |
| Aerides maculosa | Saccolabium speciosum, Aerides schroederi, Aerides illustris | Orchidaceae | Fox Brush Orchid |
| Aerides multiflora | Aerides affinis, Aerides lobbii, Aerides veitchii | Orchidaceae | Many Flowered Fox Brush Orchid |
| Aerva lanata | Aerva elegans, Illecebrum lanatum, Achyranthes lanata | Amaranthaceae | Mountain Knot Grass |
| Aerva sanguinolenta | Achyranthes sanguinolenta, Achyranthes scandens, Aerva scandens | Amaranthaceae | Climbing Wool-Plant |
| Aeschynanthus hookeri | | Gesneriaceae | Hooker's Blushwort |
| Aeschynanthus lobbianus | | Gesneriaceae | Lipstick Vine |
| Aeschynanthus parviflorus | Aeschynanthus sikkimensis, Aeschynanthus maculatus | Gesneriaceae | Sikkim Blushwort |
| Aeschynomene americana | | Fabaceae | American Joint Vetch |
| Aeschynomene indica | Aeschynomene hispida, Aeschynomene virginica | Fabaceae | Indian Joint Vetch |
| Aesculus assamica | Aesculus punduana | Sapindaceae | East Himalayan Horse Chestnut |
| Aesculus indica | Pavia indica | Sapindaceae | Indian Horse Chestnut |
| Afrocarpus gracilior | Podocarpus gracilior, Decussocarpus gracilior, Nageia falcata var. gracilior | Podocarpaceae | Fern Pine |
| Aganosma heynei | Echites heynei, Aganosma caryophyllata, Echites blumei | Apocynaceae | Malati |
| Agapanthus africanus f. albus | | Amaryllidaceae | White Lily of the Nile |
| Agapanthus africanus | Agapanthus umbellatus | Amaryllidaceae | Lily of the Nile |
| Agapetes macrantha | Agapetes variegata var macrantha | Ericaceae | Agapetes |
| Agapetes serpens | Pentapterygium serpens, Vaccinium serpens,Thibaudia myrtifolia | Ericaceae | Himalayan Lantern |
| Agathis robusta | Agathis palmerstonii | Araucariaceae | Kauri Pine |
| Agave americana | | Agavaceae | Century Plant |
| Agave angustifolia | Agave wrightii, Agave vivipara | Agavaceae | Caribbean Century Plant |
| Agave attenuata | | Agavaceae | Swan's Neck Agave |
| Agave sisalana | Agave rigida var. sisalana | Agavaceae | Sisal Agave |
| Ageratina adenophora | Eupatorium adenophorum, Ageratina trapezoidea, Eupatorium glandulosum | Asteraceae | Mexican Devil |
| Ageratina adenophora | Eupatorium adenophorum, Eupatorium glandulosum | Asteraceae | Catweed |
| Ageratina riparia | Eupatorium riparium | Asteraceae | Mistflower |
| Ageratum conyzoides | | Asteraceae | Goat Weed |
| Ageratum houstonianum | | Asteraceae | Floss Flower |
| Aglaia elaeagnoidea | Aglaia roxbughiana, Milnea roxburghiana, Nemedra elaeagnoidea | Meliaceae | Priyangu |
| Agrimonia pilosa | Agrimonia dahurica | Rosaceae | Hairy Agrimony |
| Agrostemma githago | | Caryophyllaceae | Corn Cockle |
| Ailanthus altissima | Toxicodendron altissimum | Simaroubaceae | Tree of Heaven |
| Ailanthus excelsa | | Simaroubaceae | Indian Tree of Heaven |
| Ainsliaea aptera | | Asteraceae | Wingless Ainsliaea |
| Ajania fruticulosa | Tanacetum fruticulosum, Chrysanthemum gracile, Ajania gracilis | Asteraceae | Shrubby Ajania |
| Ajania tibetica | Chrysanthemum tibeticum, Tanacetum tibeticum | Asteraceae | Tibetan Tansy |
| Ajuga integrifolia | Ajuga bracteosa, Ajuga alba | Lamiaceae | Bracted Bugleweed |
| Ajuga parviflora | | Lamiaceae | Small-Flowered Bugleweed |
| Alajja rhomboidea | Lamium rhomboideum, Alajja afghanica, Erianthera rhomboidea | Lamiaceae | Alpine Deadnettle |
| Alangium alpinum | Marlea begoniifolia var. alpina | Cornaceae | Mountain Alangium |
| Alangium platanifolium | | Cornaceae | Lobed-leaf Alangium |
| Alangium salviifolium | | Cornaceae | Sage Leaved Alangium |
| Albizia amara subsp. amara | Mimosa amara | Mimosaceae | Krishna Siris |
| Albizia chinensis | | Mimosaceae | Chinese Albizia |
| Albizia julibrissin | Acacia julibrissin, Acacia mollis, Mimosa arborea | Mimosaceae | Silktree Mimosa |
| Albizia lebbeck | | Mimosaceae | Siris Tree |
| Albizia lucidior | Albizia lucida, Inga lucidior, Mimosa lucida | Mimosaceae | Potka Siris |
| Albizia odoratissima | Acacia odoratissima, Albizia micrantha, Mimosa odoratissima | Mimosaceae | Black Siris |
| Albizia procera | | Mimosaceae | White Siris |
| Albizia saman | Samanea saman, Acacia propinquaMimosa saman | Mimosaceae | Rain Tree |
| Alcea rosea | | Malvaceae | Double Hollyhock |
| Alcea rosea | | Malvaceae | Hollyhock |
| Alchemilla trollii | | Rosaceae | Himalayan Lady's Mantle |
| Aletris pauciflora | Aletris nepalensis, Stachyopogon pauciflorus, Tofieldia nepalensis | Liliaceae | Few Flowered Colic-Root |
| Aletris scopulorum | Aletris makiyataroi | Liliaceae | Cliff Colic-Root |
| Aleurites moluccanus | Aleurites javanicus, Aleurites pentaphyllus, Aleurites trilobus, Jatropha moluccana | Euphorbiaceae | Candle Nut |
| Alisma lanceolatum | | Alismataceae | Lanceleaf Water Plantain |
| Alisma plantago-aquatica | | Alismataceae | Common Water Plantain |
| Allamanda blanchetii | Allamanda violacea | Apocynaceae | Purple Allamanda |
| Allamanda cathartica | | Apocynaceae | Golden Trumpet Vine |
| Allamanda neriifolia | | Apocynaceae | Bush Allamanda |
| Alliaria petiolata | Arabis officinalis, Arabis petiolate, Sisymbrium alliaria | Brassicaceae | Garlic Mustard |
| Allium ampeloprasum | | Alliaceae | Elephant Garlic |
| Allium cepa | | Alliaceae | Onion |
| Allium cernuum | | Alliaceae | Nodding Onion |
| Allium hookeri | | Alliaceae | Hooker Chives |
| Allium humile | Allium govanianum, Allium nivale | Alliaceae | Small Alpine Onion |
| Allium przewalskianum | Allium stoliczkii, Allium jacquemontii var. parviflorum | Alliaceae | Ladakh Onion |
| Allium sativum | Allium ophioscorodon, Allium pekinense | Alliaceae | Garlic |
| Allium schoenoprasum | | Alliaceae | Chives |
| Allium semenovii | Allium tristylum | Alliaceae | Semenov's Onion |
| Allium tuberosum | Allium roxburghii, Allium sulvia | Alliaceae | Garlic Chives |
| Allium victorialis | Cepa victorialis, Allium plantagineum, Allium anguinum | Alliaceae | Alpine Leek |
| Allium wallichii | | Alliaceae | Himalaya Onion |
| Allmania nodiflora | Celosia nodiflora, Chamissoa albida | Amaranthaceae | Node Flower Allmania |
| Allophylus cobbe | Rhus cobbe | Sapindaceae | Indian Allophylus |
| Alloteropsis cimicina | Coridochloa cimicina, Panicum cimicinum, Axonopus cimicinus | Poaceae | Summer Grass |
| Alnus nepalensis | | Betulaceae | Nepal Alder |
| Alnus nitida | Clethropsis nitida | Betulaceae | West Himalayan Alder |
| Alocasia macrorhiza | Alocasia indica | Araceae | Giant Taro |
| Alocasia sanderiana | | Araceae | Kris Plant |
| Aloe arborescens | | Asphodelaceae | Krantz Aloe |
| Aloe deltoideodonta | | Asphodelaceae | Delta-shaped Aloe |
| Aloe humilis | | Asphodelaceae | Spider Aloe |
| Aloe maculata | Aloe saponaria, Aloe latifolia | Asphodelaceae | Soap Aloe |
| Aloe vera | Aloe barbadensis, Aloe indica, Aloe vulgaris | Asphodelaceae | Aloe Vera |
| Alopecurus nepalensis | | Poaceae | Nepal Foxtail Grass |
| Aloysia citriodora | Aloysia triphylla, Verbena triphylla | Verbenaceae | Lemon Verbena |
| Alpinia calcarata | | Zingiberaceae | Snap Ginger |
| Alpinia purpurata | | Zingiberaceae | Red Ginger |
| Alpinia zerumbet | | Zingiberaceae | Shell Ginger |
| Alpinia zerumbet 'Variegata' | | Zingiberaceae | Variegated Shell Ginger |
| Alseodaphne semicarpifolia | Alseodaphne semecarpifolia | Lauraceae | Nelthare |
| Alstonia macrophylla | | Apocynaceae | Batino |
| Alstonia scholaris | | Apocynaceae | Devil Tree |
| Alstonia venenata | Blaberopus venenatus, | Apocynaceae | Poison Devil Tree |
| Alstroemeria spp. | | Amaryllidaceae | Peruvian Lily |
| Alternanthera dentata | | Amaranthaceae | Joy Weed |
| Alternanthera ficoidea | Gomphrena ficoidea, Alternanthera tenella | Amaranthaceae | Sanguinarea |
| Alternanthera paronychioides | | Amaranthaceae | Smooth Chaff Flower |
| Alternanthera philoxeroides | Bucholzia philoxeroides, Achyranthes paludosa, Achyranthes philoxeroides | Amaranthaceae | Alligator Weed |
| Alternanthera pungens | | Amaranthaceae | Khaki Weed |
| Alternanthera sessilis | | Amaranthaceae | Sessile Joyweed |
| Alysicarpus belgaumensis | | Fabaceae | Belgaum Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus bupleurifolius | Hedysarum bupleurifolium, Hedysarum gramineum | Fabaceae | Sweet Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus hamosus | Alysicarpus procumbens, Hedysarum procumbens | Fabaceae | Round-Leaf Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus longifolius | Hedysarum longifolium | Fabaceae | Long Leaved Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus pubescens | | Fabaceae | Bicolor Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus tetragonolobus | | Fabaceae | Red Alyce Clover |
| Alysicarpus vaginalis | Alysicarpus rupicola, Alysicarpus nummularifolius, Hedysarum cylindricum | Fabaceae | Alyce Clover |
| Amaranthus caudatus | | Amaranthaceae | Love Lies Bleeding |
| Amaranthus cruentus 'Hot Biscuits' | Amaranthus paniculatus | Amaranthaceae | Hot Biscuits Amaranth |
| Amaranthus cruentus | Amaranthus hybridus subsp. cruentus | Amaranthaceae | Red Amaranth |
| Amaranthus hypochondriacus | Amaranthus flavus, Amaranthus aureus, Amaranthus hybridus var. erythrostachys | Amaranthaceae | Prince-of-Wales Feather |
| Amaranthus spinosus | | Amaranthaceae | Prickly Amaranth |
| Amaranthus tricolor | Amaranthus gangeticus, Amarannthus tristis, Amaranthus mangostanus | Amaranthaceae | Elephant-Head Amaranth |
| Amaranthus viridis | Amaranthus gracilis, Amaranthus polystachyus, Euxolus viridis | Amaranthaceae | Green Amaranth |
| Amberboa amberboi | Centaurea moschata var. amberboi, Amberboa suaveolens | Asteraceae | Yellow Sweet Sultan |
| Amberboa moschata 'The Bride' | Chryseis moschata, Amberboa odorata var. glauca | Asteraceae | White Sweet Sultan |
| Amherstia nobilis | | Caesalpiniaceae | Pride of Burma |
| Amischophacelus axillaris | Tonningia axillaris | Commelinaceae | Creeping Cradle Plant |
| Amischotolype mollissima | Campelia mollissima, Forrestia mollissima, Forrestia marginata | Commelinaceae | Graceful Forrestia |
| Ammannia baccifera | Ammannia vescicatoria, Ammannia aegyptiaca | Lythraceae | Blistering Ammannia |
| Ammannia multiflora | Ammannia parviflora, Suffrenia dichotom | Lythraceae | Many Flowered Ammannia |
| Ammi majus | Apium ammi | Apiaceae | Bishop's Weed |
| Amorphophallus bulbifer | Arum bulbiferum | Araceae | Devil's Tongue |
| Amorphophallus commutatus | | Araceae | Dragon Stalk Yam |
| Amorphophallus dunnii | | Araceae | Dunn's Arum |
| Ampelocissus latifolia | | Vitaceae | Wild Grape |
| Anacardium occidentale | | Anacardiaceae | Cashew |
| Anagallis arvensis ssp. arvensis | | Myrsinaceae | Scarlet Pimpernel |
| Anagallis arvensis ssp. foemina | | Myrsinaceae | Blue Pimpernel |
| Ananas comosus | Ananas ananas, Bromelia ananas, Bromelia comosa | Bromeliaceae | Pineapple |
| Anaphalis busua | Anaphalis arenosa, Anaphalis surculosa, Gnaphalium busua | Asteraceae | Tall Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis contorta | Anaphalis tenella | Asteraceae | Eared-Leaf Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis margaritacea | | Asteraceae | Western Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis nepalensis | | Asteraceae | Nepal Pearly Everlasting |
| Anaphalis triplinervis | Antennaria triplinervis | Asteraceae | Woolly Pearly Everlasting |
| Anchusa capensis | | Boraginaceae | Cape Forget-Me-Not |
| Ancistrocladus heyneanus | | Ancistrocladaceae | Kardal |
| Andrographis echioides | Justicia echioides, Indoneesiella echioides | Acanthaceae | False Waterwillow |
| Andrographis paniculata | Justicia paniculata | Acanthaceae | Kariyat |
| Andrographis serpyllifolia | Eriathera serpyllifolia, Andrographis orbiculata | Acanthaceae | Roundleaf Kariyat |
| Androsace lanuginosa | | Primulaceae | Woolly Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace mucronifolia | Androsace microphylla, Androsace globifera | Primulaceae | Needle-Tipped Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace muscoidea | | Primulaceae | Mossy Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace rotundifolia | | Primulaceae | Roundleaf Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace sarmentosa | | Primulaceae | Common Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace sempervivoides | | Primulaceae | Evergreen Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace septentrionalis | Androsace multiflora, Androsace subumbellata, Androsace lactiflora | Primulaceae | Pygmy-Flower Rock-Jasmine |
| Androsace studiosorum | Androsace primuloides, Androsace sarmentosa var. primuloides | Primulaceae | Primrose Rock Jasmine |
| Androsace umbellata | Primula umbellata, Androsace orbicularis, Androsace saxifragifolia | Primulaceae | Umbelled Rock Jasmine |
| Anemone coronaria | | Ranunculaceae | Poppy Anemone |
| Anemone hupehensis | Anemone japonica, Anemone japonica var. hupehensis | Ranunculaceae | Japanese Anemone |
| Anemone obtusiloba | | Ranunculaceae | Blue Himalayan Anemone |
| Anemone obtusiloba | | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Thimbleweed |
| Anemone pavonina | | Ranunculaceae | Peacock Anemone |
| Anemone polyanthes | Anemone villosa, Anemone scaposa, Anemone govaniana | Ranunculaceae | Many Flowered Anemone |
| Anemone rivularis | | Ranunculaceae | River Anemone |
| Anemone rupestris | | Ranunculaceae | Blue Rock Anemone |
| Anemone rupestris | | Ranunculaceae | White Rock Anemone |
| Anemone rupicola | Anemone rupestris, Anemone batangensis | Ranunculaceae | Rock Anemone |
| Anemone tetrasepala | | Ranunculaceae | Four Petal Anemone |
| Anemone vitifolia | Anemone elegans | Ranunculaceae | Grape Leaf Anemone |
| Anemopaegma chamberlaynii | Bignonia chamberlaynii | Bignoniaceae | Trumpet Vine |
| Anethum graveolens | | Apiaceae | Dill |
| Angelica glauca | Angelica nuristanica | Apiaceae | Smooth Angelica |
| Angelica oreadum | Angelica officinalis var. himalaica, Angelica archangelica subsp. himalaica, Angelica archangelica var. himalaica | Apiaceae | Mountain Angelica |
| Angelonia angustifolia 'Alba' | | Scrophulariaceae | White Angelonia |
| Angelonia angustifolia | | Scrophulariaceae | Narrowleaf Angelonia |
| Angelonia salicariifolia | | Plantaginaceae | Willowleaf Angelonia |
| Anisochilus carnosus | Lavandula carnosa, Plectranthus strobilifer | Lamiaceae | Kapurli |
| Anisomeles heyneana | | Lamiaceae | Western Hill Catmint |
| Anisomeles indica | Nepeta indica, Anisomeles ovata | Lamiaceae | Indian Catmint |
| Anisomeles malabarica | Anisomeles salviifolia, Nepeta malabarica | Lamiaceae | Malabar Catmint |
| Annona glabra | | Annonaceae | Pond Apple |
| Annona reticulata | Annona humboldtiana, Annona humboldtii | Annonaceae | Netted Custard Apple |
| Annona squamosa | | Annonaceae | Sugar Apple |
| Anodendron paniculatum | Echites parviflorus | Apocynaceae | Andamanese Bowstring Plant |
| Anogeissus acuminata | Anogeissus pendula, Conocarpus acuminatus | Combretaceae | Buttontree |
| Anogeissus latifolia | | Combretaceae | Axle Wood Tree |
| Anthemis arvensis | | Asteraceae | Corn Chamomile |
| Anthemis cotula | | Asteraceae | Stinking Chamomile |
| Anthogonium gracile | Anthogonium griffithii, Anthogonium corydaloides | Orchidaceae | Slender Anthogonium |
| Anthurium andraeanum | | Araceae | Flamingo Flower |
| Anthurium clarinervium | | Araceae | White-Veined Anthurium |
| Antidesma montanum | Antidesma pubescens var. menasu, Antidesma menasu | Euphorbiaceae | Mountain Currant Tree |
| Antigonon leptopus 'Alba' | | Polygonaceae | White Coral Vine |
| Antigonon leptopus | | Polygonaceae | Coral Vine |
| Antirrhinum majus | | Scrophulariaceae | Dog Flower |
| Aphanamixis polystachya | Aglaia polystachya, Amoora rohituka, Andersonia rohituka | Meliaceae | Pithraj Tree |
| Aphragmus oxycarpus | Braya oxycarpa, Aphragmus tibeticus, Braya alpina | Brassicaceae | Ladakh Rock-Cress |
| Apium graveolens | | Apiaceae | Celery |
| Apluda mutica | Apluda aristata, Apluda varia | Poaceae | Mauritian Grass |
| Aponogeton bruggenii | | Aponogetonaceae | Bruggen's Aponogeton |
| Aponogeton natans | Saururus natans | Aponogetonaceae | Floating Lace Plant |
| Aponogeton satarensis | | Aponogetonaceae | Satara Aponogeton |
| Aporocactus flagelliformis | | Cactaceae | Rat Tail Cactus |
| Aporosa cardiosperma | Aporosa lindleyana, Scepa lindleyana | Euphorbiaceae | Lindley's Aporosa |
| Aptenia cordifolia | | Aizoaceae | Baby Sun Rose |
| Aquilegia chrysantha | | Ranunculaceae | Golden Columbine |
| Aquilegia fragrans | | Ranunculaceae | Fragrant Columbine |
| Aquilegia 'Kansas' | | Ranunculaceae | Kansas Columbine |
| Aquilegia moorcroftiana | Aquilegia wallichiana, Aquilegia fragrans var. kanaoriensis | Ranunculaceae | Moorcroft's Columbine |
| Aquilegia nivalis | Aquilegia glauca var. nivalis | Ranunculaceae | Snow Columbine |
| Aquilegia pubiflora | | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Columbine |
| Aquilegia vulgaris | | Ranunculaceae | Common Columbine |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Arabis thaliana, Sisymbrium thalianum | Brassicaceae | Mouse Ear Cress |
| Arabis amplexicaulis | Arabis kanawarensis, | Brassicaceae | Stem-Clasping Rock-Cress |
| Arabis bijuga | Arabis macrantha, Arabidopsis mollissima var. griffithiana, | Brassicaceae | Double-Yoked Rock-Cress |
| Arabis pterosperma | Arabidopsis yadongensis, Arabis latialata, Arabis alpina var. purpurea | Brassicaceae | Alpine Rock-Cress |
| Arachis hypogaea | | Fabaceae | Groundnut |
| Arachnis flos-aeris | Arachnis flosaeris | Orchidaceae | Spider Orchid |
| Aralia cachemirica | Aralia macrophylla | Araliaceae | Kashmir Aralia |
| Araucaria angustifolia | | Araucariaceae | Parana Pine |
| Araucaria columnaris | | Araucariaceae | Christmas Tree |
| Arctium lappa | Lappa officinalis, Arctium edule, Lappa major | Asteraceae | Greater Burdock |
| Arctotis venusta | | Asteraceae | Blue Eyed African Daisy |
| Arcyosperma primulifolium | Sisymbrium primulaefolium | Brassicaceae | Primrose-Leaved Rock-Cress |
| Ardisia macrocarpa | | Myrsinaceae | Himalayan Coralberry |
| Ardisia oxyphylla | | Myrsinaceae | Pointed-Leaf Ardisia |
| Ardisia solanacea | Ardisia elliptica, Ardisia humilis | Myrsinaceae | Shoebutton Ardisia |
| Areca catechu | | Arecaceae | Betel Palm |
| Arenaria bryophylla | Arenaria muscifloris | Caryophyllaceae | Flycatcher Sandwort |
| Arenaria curvifolia | | Caryophyllaceae | Chamoli Sandwort |
| Arenaria festucoides | Arenaria roylei, Arenaria guilielmi-waldemarii | Caryophyllaceae | Fescue Sandwort |
| Arenaria serpyllifolia | Arenaria alpicola, Stellaria serpyllifolia, Arenaria viscida | Caryophyllaceae | Thyme-Leaved Sandwort |
| Argemone mexicana | | Papaveraceae | Mexican Prickly Poppy |
| Argemone ochroleuca | Argemone mexicana var. ochroleuca | Papaveraceae | Pale Mexican Poppy |
| Argyreia cuneata | Convolvulus cuneatus | Convolvulaceae | Purple Morning Glory |
| Argyreia elliptica | Lettsomia elliptica | Convolvulaceae | Oval Leaved Silverweed |
| Argyreia hookeri | | Convolvulaceae | Hooker's Woodrose |
| Argyreia nervosa | Argyreia speciosa, Convolvulus nervosus, Lettsomia nervosa | Convolvulaceae | Elephant Creeper |
| Argyreia osyrensis var. osyrensis | Argyreia aggregata, Lettsomia aggregata, Lettsomia aggregata var. osyrensis | Convolvulaceae | Shingled Silverweed |
| Argyreia sericea | | Convolvulaceae | Silky Morning Glory |
| Argyreia strigosa | Ipomoea strigosa, Lettsomia strigosa | Convolvulaceae | Bristled Woodrose |
| Ariopsis peltata | | Araceae | Shield Leaf Ariopsis |
| Arisaema costatum | | Araceae | Striped Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema elephas | | Araceae | Elephant Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema erubescens | | Araceae | Blushing Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema flavum | | Araceae | Yellow Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema griffithii | | Araceae | Griffith's Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema jacquemontii | | Araceae | Jacquemont's Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema murrayi | | Araceae | Murray's Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema nepenthoides | | Araceae | Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema propinquum | Arisaema wallichianum | Araceae | Wallich's Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema tortuosum | | Araceae | Whipcord Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema tortuosum var. curvatum | Arisaema curvatum, Arum curvatum | Araceae | Curved-Hood Cobra Lily |
| Arisaema utile | | Araceae | Sikkim Cobra Lily |
| Aristolochia elegans | | Aristolochiaceae | Calico Flower |
| Aristolochia indica | | Aristolochiaceae | Indian Birthwort |
| Aristolochia ornithocephala | | Aristolochiaceae | Bird's Head Birthwort |
| Aristolochia ringens | | Aristolochiaceae | Gaping Dutchman's Pipe |
| Arnebia benthamii | | Boraginaceae | Himalayan Arnebia |
| Arnebia euchroma | Arnebia perennis, Arnebia endochroma, Macrotomia euchroma | Boraginaceae | Pink Arnebia |
| Arnebia guttata | Arnebia tibetana, Arnebia thomsonii, Macrotomia guttata | Boraginaceae | Spotted Arnebia |
| Arnicratea grahamii | Hippocratea grahamii, Reissantia grahamii | Celastraceae | Running Straggler |
| Artabotrys hexapetalus | Annona hexapetala, Artabotrys odoratissimus | Annonaceae | Hari Champa |
| Artabotrys zeylanicus | | Annonaceae | Ceylon Green Champa |
| Artemisia absinthium | | Asteraceae | Wormwood |
| Artemisia amygdalina | | Asteraceae | Almond Wormwood |
| Artemisia gmelinii | Artemisia santolinifolia, Artemisia racemifera | Asteraceae | Gmelin's Wormwood |
| Artemisia japonica | Artemisia parviflora, Oligosporus japonicus | Asteraceae | Japanese Wormwood |
| Artemisia macrocephala | Artemisia akbaitalensis, Artemisia griffithiana, Artemisia sieversiana var. pygmaea | Asteraceae | Large-Flowered Wormwood |
| Artemisia nilagirica | Artemisia vulgaris, Artemisia vulgaris var. nilagirica | Asteraceae | Indian Wormwood |
| Artemisia roxburghiana | Artemisia dubia, Artemisia purpurascens, Artemisia eriocephala | Asteraceae | Roxburgh's Wormwood |
| Artemisia scoparia | Artemisia capillaris, Artemisia elegans, Artemisia gracilis | Asteraceae | Redstem Wormwood |
| Artemisia stelleriana | | Asteraceae | Beach Wormwood |
| Artemisia vestita | | Asteraceae | Russian Wormwood |
| Arthrophyllum diversifolium | Arthrophyllum ovalifolium | Araliaceae | Common Ivy Palm |
| Artocarpus altilis | | Moraceae | Breadfruit |
| Artocarpus heterophyllus | Artocarpus integer, Artocarpus integrifolia, Artocarpus jaca | Moraceae | Jackfruit |
| Artocarpus lakoocha | Artocarpus lacucha, Artocarpus ficifolius | Moraceae | Lakoocha |
| Arundina graminifolia | Arundina bambusifolia, Bletia graminifolia, Arundina speciosa | Orchidaceae | Bamboo Orchid |
| Arundinella pumila | Arundinella tenella | Poaceae | Dwarf Reedgrass |
| Asclepias curassavica | | Asclepiadaceae | Scarlet Milkweed |
| Asclepias physocarpa | | Asclepiadaceae | Balloon Plant |
| Ascocenda spp. | | Orchidaceae | Ascocenda Princess Mikasa |
| Ascocentrum ampullaceum | Saccolabium ampullaceum, Saccolabium rubrum | Orchidaceae | Purple Ascocentrum |
| Aspalathus linearis | | Fabaceae | Red Bush Tea |
| Asparagus densiflorus | Asparagus aethiopicus | Asparagaceae | Asparagus Fern |
| Asparagus filicinus | | Asparagaceae | Fern Asparagus |
| Asparagus officinalis | | Asparagaceae | Garden Asparagus |
| Asparagus racemosus | Asparagus volubilis | Asparagaceae | Satawari |
| Asparagus retrofractus | Protasparagus retrofractus | Asparagaceae | Ming Fern |
| Asparagus setaceus | | Asparagaceae | Lacy Asparagus Fern |
| Asphodelus fistulosus | | Asphodelaceae | Onion-Weed |
| Aspidopterys cordata | Hiraea cordata, Hiptage cordata | Malpighiaceae | Bokadvel |
| Aster albescens | Microglossa albescens | Asteraceae | Fading Himalayan Aster |
| Aster amellus | | Asteraceae | Italian Aster |
| Aster diplostephioides | | Asteraceae | Creeping Aster |
| Aster flaccidus | | Asteraceae | Weak Violet Aster |
| Aster himalaicus | Aster mekongensis | Asteraceae | Himalayan Aster |
| Aster molliusculus | Diplopappus molliusculus | Asteraceae | Swaying Himalayan Aster |
| Aster sikkimmensis | | Asteraceae | Sikkim Aster |
| Aster thomsonii | | Asteraceae | Thomson's Aster |
| Astragalus chlorostachys | Astragalus altissimus, Hedysarum strobiliferum | Fabaceae | Green-Flowered Milk Vetch |
| Astragalus confertus | | Fabaceae | Hairy-Leaved Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus himalayanus | Astragalus carinalis, Astragalus maddenianus | Fabaceae | Himalayan Milk Vetch |
| Astragalus melanostachys | Astragalus macrostegius, Astragalus bracteosus | Fabaceae | Black-Spike Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus nivalis | Astragalus orthanthus, Astragalus nathaliae, Astragalus orthanthoides | Fabaceae | Snow Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus rhizanthus subsp. candolleanus | Astragalus candolleanus, Astragalus royleanus, Astragalus vexillilongus | Fabaceae | Candolle's Milk-Vetch |
| Astragalus trichocarpus | Astragalus sesbanoides | Fabaceae | Hairy Fruit Milk-Vetch |
| Astrophytum ornatum | | Cactaceae | Monk's Hood Cactus |
| Asyneuma thomsonii | Campanula thomsonii, Phyteuma thomsonii | Campanulaceae | Thomson's Bellflower |
| Asystasia dalzelliana | Asystasia violacea | Acanthaceae | Violet Asystasia |
| Asystasia gangetica | | Acanthaceae | Ganges Primrose |
| Asystasia indica | | Acanthaceae | Indian Asystasia |
| Asystasia intrusa | | Acanthaceae | Common Asystasia |
| Asystasia mysurensis | Ruellia mysurensis, Asystasia lawiana | Acanthaceae | Mysore Asystasia |
| Atalantia monophylla | | Rutaceae | Indian Atalantia |
| Atalantia racemosa | | Rutaceae | Bombay Atalantia |
| Atalantia wightii | Atalantia ceylanica | Rutaceae | Nilgiri Atalantia |
| Atropa acuminata | | Solanaceae | Indian Belladonna |
| Atropa belladonna | Atropa bella-donna | Solanaceae | Belladonna |
| Aulacospermum roylei | Trachydium roylei | Apiaceae | Royle's Trachydium |
| Aurinia saxatilis | Alyssum saxatile, Crucifera saxatilis | Brassicaceae | Basket of Gold |
| Avena sativa | | Poaceae | Common Oat |
| Averrhoa bilimbi | | Oxalidaceae | Bilimbi |
| Averrhoa carambola | | Oxalidaceae | Star Fruit |
| Avicennia marina | Sceura marina | Acanthaceae | Grey Mangrove |
| Avicennia officinalis | | Acanthaceae | Indian Mangrove |
| Azadirachta indica | Melia azadirachta, Antelaea azadirachta | Meliaceae | Neem |
| Baccharoides anthelmintica | Conyza anthelmintica, Vernonia anthelmintica | Asteraceae | Ironweed |
| Bacopa monnieri | Bramia indica, Bacopa monnieria, Herpestis monnieri | Scrophulariaceae | Brahmi |
| Balanites aegyptiaca | Ximenia aegyptiaca | Zygophyllaceae | Desert Date |
| Balanophora dioica | | Balanophoraceae | Himalayan Balanophora |
| Baliospermum montanum | Baliospermum axillare, Baliospermum solanifolium, Jatropha montana | Euphorbiaceae | Red Physic Nut |
| Bambusa balcooa | | Poaceae | Balcooa Bamboo |
| Bambusa bambos | Arundo bambos, Bambos arundinacea, Bambusa arundinacea | Poaceae | Indian Thorny Bamboo |
| Bambusa multiplex | Arundo multiplex, Bambusa glaucescens | Poaceae | Hedge Bamboo |
| Bambusa polymorpha | | Poaceae | Bengal Bamboo |
| Bambusa tuldoides Munro | Bambusa ventricosa | Poaceae | Buddha Belly Bamboo |
| Bambusa vulgaris | Bambusa vulgaris var. striata, Bambusa striata | Poaceae | Golden Bamboo |
| Bambusa vulgaris | | Poaceae | Bamboo |
| Baptisia australis | | Fabaceae | Blue Wild Indigo |
| Barbarea intermedia | Barbarea prostrata, Barbarea pinnata | Brassicaceae | Medium Winter-cress |
| Barbarea vulgaris | Arabis barbarea, Barbarea iberica, Barbarea lyrata | Brassicaceae | Yellow Rocket |
| Barleria buxifolia | | Acanthaceae | Box-Leaved Barleria |
| Barleria cristata 'Lavender Lace' | | Acanthaceae | Striped Philippine Violet |
| Barleria cristata | | Acanthaceae | Philippine Violet |
| Barleria cuspidata | | Acanthaceae | Spiny Barleria |
| Barleria grandiflora | | Acanthaceae | Grand Barleria |
| Barleria involucrata | | Acanthaceae | Mayurpankh |
| Barleria lawii | | Acanthaceae | Law's Barleria |
| Barleria longiflora | | Acanthaceae | Long Flowered Barleria |
| Barleria lupulina | | Acanthaceae | Hophead |
| Barleria montana | Barleria purpurea | Acanthaceae | Mountain Barleria |
| Barleria prattensis | | Acanthaceae | Pink Barleria |
| Barleria prionitis | | Acanthaceae | Porcupine Flower |
| Barleria repens | | Acanthaceae | Red Barleria |
| Barleria terminalis | | Acanthaceae | Blue Barleria |
| Barringtonia acutangula | Barringtonia spicata, Eugenia acutangula | Lecythidaceae | Barringtonia |
| Barringtonia asiatica | Barringtonia speciosa | Lecythidaceae | Sea Poison Tree |
| Barringtonia racemosa | Eugenia racemosa | Lecythidaceae | Powderpuff Mangrove |
| Basella alba var. rubra | | Basellaceae | Malabar Spinach |
| Bassia dasyphylla | Bassia divaricata, Chenolea divaricata, Echinopsilon divaricatus | Chenopodiaceae | Shaggy-Leaved Bassia |
| Bassia scoparia | Kochia scoparia, Atriplex scoparia, Chenopodium scoparia | Chenopodiaceae | Summer Cypress |
| Bauhinia acuminata | | Caesalpiniaceae | Dwarf White Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia foveolata | | Caesalpiniaceae | Pore Leaved Bauhinia |
| Bauhinia galpinii | | Caesalpiniaceae | Red Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia glauca | Bauhinia tenuiflora | Caesalpiniaceae | Glaucous Climbing Bauhinia |
| Bauhinia hookeri | Lysiphyllum hookeri | Caesalpiniaceae | Mountain Ebony |
| Bauhinia malabarica | | Caesalpiniaceae | Malabar Bauhinia |
| Bauhinia phoenicea | | Caesalpiniaceae | Scarlet Bauhinia |
| Bauhinia purpurea | | Caesalpiniaceae | Purple Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia racemosa | | Caesalpiniaceae | Bidi Leaf Tree |
| Bauhinia roxburghiana | Bauhinia retusa , Bauhinia semla | Caesalpiniaceae | Roxburgh's Bauhinia |
| Bauhinia scandens | Bauhinia anguina | Caesalpiniaceae | Snake Climber |
| Bauhinia stipularis | | Caesalpiniaceae | Nicobar Creeper |
| Bauhinia tomentosa | | Caesalpiniaceae | Yellow Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia vahlii | Bauhinia racemosa, Phanera vahlii | Caesalpiniaceae | Maloo Creeper |
| Bauhinia variegata | | Caesalpiniaceae | Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia variegata | | Caesalpiniaceae | White-Purple Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia variegata var. candida | Bauhinia alba, Bauhinia variegata var. alboflava | Caesalpiniaceae | White Orchid Tree |
| Bauhinia x blakeana | | Caesalpiniaceae | Hong Kong Orchid Tree |
| Beaumontia grandiflora | Echites grandiflora | Apocynaceae | Nepal Trumpet Flower |
| Begonia coccinea | | Begoniaceae | Angel Wing Begonia |
| Begonia concanensis | | Begoniaceae | Konkan Begonia |
| Begonia crenata | | Begoniaceae | Common Begonia |
| Begonia dioica | Begonia tenella, Begonia amoena | Begoniaceae | Three-Petal Begonia |
| Begonia grandis | | Begoniaceae | Hardy Begonia |
| Begonia megaptera | | Begoniaceae | Large Winged Begonia |
| Begonia 'Nonstop Red' | | Begoniaceae | Begonia Nonstop Red |
| Begonia phrixophylla | | Begoniaceae | Shimpli |
| Begonia picta | Begonia echinata | Begoniaceae | Painted Leaf Begonia |
| Begonia 'Red Cascade' | | Begoniaceae | Hanging Basket Red Begonia |
| Begonia roxburghii | Begonia malabarica | Begoniaceae | East Himalayan Begonia |
| Begonia sempeflorens | | Begoniaceae | Begonia Fair Lady |
| Begonia tessaricarpa | | Begoniaceae | Rebe |
| Begonia tuberosa 'Ruffled Yellow' | | Begoniaceae | Ruffled Yellow Begonia |
| Begonia x semperflorens-cultorum | | Begoniaceae | Wax Begonia |
| Beilschmiedia roxburghiana | Beilschmiedia fagifolia | Lauraceae | Thulo Tarshing |
| Bellis perennis | | Asteraceae | English Daisy |
| Bellis perennis | | Asteraceae | Red English Daisy |
| Benincasa hispida | Benincasa cerifera, Cucurbita hispida | Cucurbitaceae | White Gourd |
| Berberis angulosa | | Berberidaceae | Large-Flowered Barberry |
| Berberis aristata/chitria | | Berberidaceae | Chitra |
| Berberis jaeschkeana | | Berberidaceae | Jaeschke's Barberry |
| Berberis koehneana | Berberis koehniana | Berberidaceae | Koehne Barberry |
| Berberis lycium | | Berberidaceae | Indian Barberry |
| Berberis ulicina | | Berberidaceae | Gorse Barberry |
| Bergenia ciliata | | Saxifragaceae | Frilly Bergenia |
| Bergenia purpurascens | Saxifraga purpurascens, Bergenia delavayi | Saxifragaceae | Purple Bergenia |
| Bergenia stracheyi | Saxifraga milesii, Bergenia gorbunovii, Saxifraga stracheyi | Saxifragaceae | Himalayan Bergenia |
| Bergera koenigii | Murraya koenigii, Chalcas koenigii | Rutaceae | Curry Leaf |
| Berrya cordifolia | Espera cordifolia, Berrya ammonilla | Tiliaceae | Trincomalee Wood |
| Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima | Beta maritima, Beta bengalensis, Beta vulgaris var. orientalis | Chenopodiaceae | Sea Beet |
| Betula utilis | Betula bhojpattra | Betulaceae | Bhoj Patra Tree |
| Bidens bipinnata | Bidens wallichii, Bidens elongata, Bidens cicutaefolia | Asteraceae | Spanish Needles |
| Bidens biternata | Coreopsis biternata | Asteraceae | Yellow Flowered Blackjack |
| Bidens pilosa | | Asteraceae | Beggar Tick |
| Billbergia leptopoda | | Bromeliaceae | Permanent Wave Plant |
| Billbergia pyramidalis | | Bromeliaceae | Foolproof Plant |
| Biophytum reinwardtii | Oxalis reinwardtii | Oxalidaceae | Reinwardt's Tree Plant |
| Biophytum sensitivum | | Oxalidaceae | Little Tree Plant |
| Bischofia javanica | Bischofia trifoliata | Euphorbiaceae | Bishop Wood |
| Bismarckia nobilis | | Arecaceae | Bismarck Palm |
| Bixa orellana | | Bixaceae | Lipstick Tree |
| Blachia andamanica subsp. denudata | Blachia denudata | Euphorbiaceae | Sahyadri Blachia |
| Blainvillea acmella | Verbesina acmella, Blainvillea latifolia, Eclipta latifolia | Asteraceae | Para Cress Flower |
| Blepharis maderaspatensis | | Acanthaceae | Creeping Blepharis |
| Blumea belangeriana | Blumea metziana | Asteraceae | Belanger's Blumea |
| Blumea glomerata | Blumea fistulosa | Asteraceae | Clustered Blumea |
| Blumea lacera | | Asteraceae | Kakronda |
| Blumea laciniata | Conyza laciniata | Asteraceae | Cutleaf Blumea |
| Blumea lanceolaria | Conyza lanceolaria, Blumea spectabilis, Blumea laxiflora | Asteraceae | Lanceleaf Blumea |
| Blumea mollis | Blumea wightiana, Blumea parvifolia, Erigeron molle | Asteraceae | Soft Blumea |
| Blumea oxyodonta | | Asteraceae | Spiny Leaved Blumea |
| Blumea paniculata | | Asteraceae | Panicled Blumea |
| Boehmeria glomerulifera | Boehmeria malabarica, Boehmeria oblongifolia, Boehmeria depauperata | Urticaceae | Malabar Tree Nettle |
| Boehmeria japonica | Boehmeria platyphylla var. macrophylla, Boehmeria scabrella, Urtica japonica | Urticaceae | Japanese False Nettle |
| Boehmeria macrophylla | Boehmeria canescens, Urtica spicata, Boehmeria platyphylla | Urticaceae | False Nettle |
| Boehmeria rugulosa | Urtica regulosa, Boehmeria nervosa, Ramium rugulosum | Urticaceae | Daar |
| Boenninghausenia albiflora | Ruta albiflora | Rutaceae | White Himalayan Rue |
| Boerhavia diffusa | Boerhavia repens, Boerhavia coccinea | Nyctaginaceae | Red Spiderling |
| Boerhavia erecta | | Nyctaginaceae | Erect Spiderling |
| Boesenbergia siphonantha | Kaempferia siphonantha | Zingiberaceae | Andaman Fingerroot |
| Bombax ceiba | Salmalia malabarica | Bombacaceae | Silk Cotton Tree |
| Bombax insigne | Salmalia insignis | Bombacaceae | Showy Silk Cotton Tree |
| Borassus flabellifer | | Arecaceae | Palmyra Palm |
| Bosea amherstiana | Rodetia amherstiana | Amaranthaceae | Himalayan Bosea |
| Boswellia serrata | Boswellia glabra, Boswellia thurifera, Bursera thurifera | Burseraceae | Indian Olibanum |
| Bothriochloa ischaemum | Andropogon ischaemum, Dichanthium ischaemum | Poaceae | Yellow Bluestem Grass |
| Bougainvillea glabra | | Nyctaginaceae | Bougainvillea |
| Bougainvillea spectabilis | | Nyctaginaceae | Great Bougainvillea |
| Brachychiton acerifolius | Clompanus acerifolia, Sterculia acerifolia | Sterculiaceae | Australian Flame Tree |
| Brachychiton australis | Brachychiton platanoides, Sterculia trichosiphon, Trichosiphon australe | Sterculiaceae | Broad Leaved Bottle Tree |
| Brachycome Iberidifolia | | Asteraceae | Swan River Daisy |
| Brachycorythis obcordata | Gymnadenia obcordata, Habenaria obcordata, Platanthera obcordata | Orchidaceae | Heart-Shaped Brachycorythis |
| Bracteantha bracteata | | Asteraceae | Paper Daisy |
| Brassica juncea | | Brassicaceae | Mustard |
| Brassica juncea var. rugosa | Brassica juncea var. capitata, Brassica rugosa, Sinapis rugosa | Brassicaceae | Cabbage Leaf Mustard |
| Brassica napus var. napus | | Brassicaceae | Gobhi Sarson |
| Brassica oleracea var. botrytis | | Brassicaceae | Cauliflower |
| Brassica oleracea var. capitata | | Brassicaceae | Cabbage |
| Brassica oleracea var. italica | | Brassicaceae | Broccoli |
| Brassica oleracea var. sabellica | Brassica oleracea var. acephala | Brassicaceae | Ornamental Cabbage |
| Brassica rapa | Brassica arvensis, Brassica chinensis | Brassicaceae | Turnip |
| Breynia disticha | Phyllanthus nivosus, Breynia nivosa | Phyllanthaceae | Hawaiian Snowbush |
| Breynia retusa | Phyllanthus retusus, Breynia patens | Phyllanthaceae | Cup Saucer Plant |
| Breynia vitis-idaea | Rhamnus vitis-idaea | Phyllanthaceae | Mountain Coffee Bush |
| Bridelia hamiltoniana | | Euphorbiaceae | Hamilton's Bridelia |
| Bridelia retusa | | Euphorbiaceae | Spinous Kino Tree |
| Bromelia serra | Bromelia lindmanii, Karatas serra | Bromeliaceae | Bayonet Bromeliad |
| Bromus catharticus | Bromus unioloides, Bromus preslii, Bromus angustatus | Poaceae | Rescue Grass |
| Bromus hordeaceus | Avena mollis, Bromus affinis, Bromus mollis | Poaceae | Barley Brome |
| Bromus inermis | Bromus glabrescens, Bromus latifolius, Poa bromoides | Poaceae | Smooth Brome |
| Bromus japonicus | Bromus annuus, Bromus arvensis var. japonicus | Poaceae | Japanese Brome |
| Bromus tectorum | | Poaceae | Cheatgrass |
| Broussonetia papyrifera | Morus papyrifera, Papyrius papyriferus | Moraceae | Paper Mulberry |
| Browallia americana | Browallia elata | Solanaceae | Bush Violet |
| Brownea coccinea | Brownea capitella, Brownea latifolia | Caesalpiniaceae | Scarlet Flame Bean |
| Brownea macrophylla | | Caesalpiniaceae | Mountain Rose |
| Brugmansia arborea | | Solanaceae | Tree Datura |
| Brugmansia suaveolens | Datura suaveolens | Solanaceae | Angel's Trumpet |
| Brugmansia versicolor | Datura mollis | Solanaceae | Peach Angel's Trumpet |
| Bruguiera cylindrica | Rhizophora cylindrica, Bruguiera caryophylloides | Rhizophoraceae | White Burma Mangrove |
| Bruguiera gymnorrhiza | | Rhizophoraceae | Burma Mangrove |
| Brunfelsia americana | Brunfelsia undulata | Solanaceae | Lady of the Night |
| Brunfelsia pauciflora | Brunfelsia calycina, Franciscea pauciflora, Brunfelsia pauciflora var. calycin | Solanaceae | Yesterday Today and Tomorrow |
| Brya ebenus | Aspalathus ebenus | Fabaceae | Jamaican Ebony |
| Buchanania lanzan | Buchanania latifolia, Chironjia sapida | Anacardiaceae | Chironji Tree |
| Buchnera hispida | | Scrophulariaceae | Karanji |
| Buddleja asiatica | | Buddlejaceae | White Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja colvilei | | Buddlejaceae | East Himalayan Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja crispa | | Buddlejaceae | Himalayan Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja davidii 'Empire Blue' | | Buddlejaceae | Empire Blue Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja davidii 'Royal Red' | | Buddlejaceae | Royal Red Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja davidii | | Buddlejaceae | Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja macrostachya | Buddleja cylindrostachya | Buddlejaceae | Long Spiked Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja madagascariensis | Buddleia madagascariensis | Buddlejaceae | Madagascar Butterfly Bush |
| Buddleja paniculata | | Buddlejaceae | Panicled Butterfly Bush |
| Bulbophyllum affine | Bulbophyllum kusukuensis | Orchidaceae | Single Flowered Bulbophyllum |
| Bulbophyllum careyanum | Anisopetalum careyanum, Phyllorkis purpurea, Pleurothallis purpurea | Orchidaceae | Carey's Bulbophyllum |
| Bulbophyllum cariniflorum | Bulbophyllum densiflorum, Bulbophyllum pantlingii, Bulbophyllum flavidum | Orchidaceae | Keeled Flower Bulbophyllum |
| Bulbophyllum cauliflorum var. sikkimense | | Orchidaceae | Stem-Flowering Bulbophyllum |
| Bulbophyllum crassipes | Bulbophyllum careyanum var. crassipes, Phyllorchis crassipes | Orchidaceae | Thick Spurred Bulbophyllum |
| Bulbophyllum fimbriatum | Cirrhopetalum fimbriatum, Phyllorchis fimbriata | Orchidaceae | Fringed Bulbophyllum |
| Bulbophyllum rosemarianum | | Orchidaceae | Rosemary Bulbophyllum |
| Bulbophyllum umbellatum | Bulbophyllum annamicum | Orchidaceae | Umbrella Bulbophyllum |
| Bupleurum candollei | | Apiaceae | Himalayan Thorowax |
| Bupleurum gracillimum | Bupleurum falcatum var. gracillimum | Apiaceae | Slender Thorowax |
| Bupleurum lanceolatum | | Apiaceae | Lanceleaf Thoroughwax |
| Bupleurum longicaule | Bupleurum longicaule var. ramosum, Bupleurum himalayense | Apiaceae | Long-Stem Thorowax |
| Bupleurum marginatum | Bupleurum falcatum var. marginatum | Apiaceae | Margined Chinese Thoroughwax |
| Burmannia coelestis | Burmannia caelestis | Burmanniaceae | Indian Bluethread |
| Butea buteiformis | Meizotropis buteiformis | Fabaceae | Shrub Butea |
| Butea monosperma | Butea frondosa, Erythrina monosperma, Plaso monosperma | Fabaceae | Flame of the Forest |
| Butomus umbellatus | Butomus caesalpini, Butomus vulgaris, Butomus floridus | Butomaceae | Flowering Rush |
| Cadaba fruticosa | Cleome fruticosa | Capparaceae | Indian Cadaba |
| Caesalpinia bonduc | Caesalpinia crista, Caesalpinia bonducella, Guilandina bonduc | Caesalpiniaceae | Fever Nut |
| Caesalpinia coriaria | | Caesalpiniaceae | Divi Divi |
| Caesalpinia crista | Caesalpinia nuga, Guilandina nuga | Caesalpiniaceae | Crested Fever Nut |
| Caesalpinia cucullata | Mezoneuron cucullatum | Caesalpiniaceae | Ragi |
| Caesalpinia decapetala | | Caesalpiniaceae | Mysore Thorn |
| Caesalpinia ferrea | | Caesalpiniaceae | Brazilian Ironwood |
| Caesalpinia mimosoides | | Caesalpiniaceae | Mimosa Thorn |
| Caesalpinia pulcherrima forma flava | | Caesalpiniaceae | Peacock Flower yellow |
| Caesalpinia pulcherrima | | Caesalpiniaceae | Peacock Flower |
| Caesalpinia sappan | Biancaea sappan | Caesalpiniaceae | Sappan Wood |
| Caesulia axillaris | Meyera orientalis | Asteraceae | Pink Node Flower |
| Cajanus cajan | Cytisus cajan, Cajanus indicus, Cajanus flavus | Fabaceae | Arhar |
| Cajanus heynei | Atylosia kulnensis, Cajanus kulnensis, Dunbaria heynei | Fabaceae | Heyne's Pigeonpea |
| Cajanus lineatus | Atylosia lineata | Fabaceae | Wild Toor |
| Cajanus scarabaeoides | Dolichos scarabaeoides, Cantharospermum scarabaeoides, Atylosia scarabaeoides | Fabaceae | Showy Pigeonpea |
| Calacanthus grandiflorus | | Acanthaceae | Large Flowered Calacanthus |
| Caladium bicolor | | Araceae | Fancy-Leaf Caladium |
| Calamagrostis emodensis | Calamagrostis garhwalensis | Poaceae | Garhwal Reedgrass |
| Calamus pseudotenuis | Calamus pseudo-tenuis ? | Arecaceae | Slender Rattan Cane |
| Calamus thwaitesii | | Arecaceae | Rattan Cane |
| Calanthe plantaginea | | Orchidaceae | Plantain Calanthe |
| Calanthe sylvatica | Calanthe masuca | Orchidaceae | Forest Calanthe |
| Calanthe tricarinata | | Orchidaceae | Monkey Orchid |
| Calathea zebrina | Maranta zebrina, Maranta pulchella | Marantaceae | Zebra Plant |
| Calceolaria crenatiflora | | Scrophulariaceae | Pocket Book Plant |
| Calceolaria tripartita | Calceolaria gracilis, Calceolaria mexicana | Scrophulariaceae | Slipper Flower |
| Calendula officinalis | | Asteraceae | Calendula |
| Callaeum macropterum | Mascagnia macroptera, Hiraea macroptera | Malpighiaceae | Yellow Butterfly Vine |
| Calliandra brevipes | Anneslia brevipes, Calliandra selloi | Mimosaceae | Pink Powder Puff |
| Calliandra emarginata | | Mimosaceae | Dwarf Powder Puff |
| Calliandra haematocephala | | Mimosaceae | Powder Puff |
| Calliandra houstoniana | Mimosa houstoniana | Mimosaceae | Tree Powderpuff |
| Callicarpa arborea | | Verbenaceae | Beautyberry Tree |
| Callicarpa longifolia | | Verbenaceae | Long Leaved Beauty Berry |
| Callicarpa tomentosa | Callicarpa lobata, Callicarpa villosa, Callicarpa wallichiana | Verbenaceae | Velvety Beauty Berry |
| Callistemon rigidus | | Myrtaceae | Stiff Bottle Brush |
| Callistemon salignus | | Myrtaceae | White Bottle Brush |
| Callistemon viminalis | | Myrtaceae | Weeping Bottle Brush |
| Callistephus chinensis | | Asteraceae | China Aster |
| Calophyllum inophyllum | | Clusiaceae | Sultan Champa |
| Calopogonium mucunoides | Calopogonium brachycarpum, Calopogonium orthocarpum, Stenolobium brachycarpum | Fabaceae | Calopo |
| Calotropis gigantea | | Asclepiadaceae | Crown Flower |
| Calotropis procera | | Asclepiadaceae | Rubber Bush |
| Caltha alba | Caltha palustris var. alba | Ranunculaceae | White Marsh Marigold |
| Caltha palustris | Caltha palustris var. himalensis | Ranunculaceae | Marsh Marigold |
| Calycopteris floribunda | | Combretaceae | Paper Flower Climber |
| Calyptocarpus vialis | | Asteraceae | Straggler Daisy |
| Camellia japonica | | Theaceae | Camellia |
| Camellia sinensis | | Theaceae | Tea |
| Campanula aristata | Campanula aristata var. longisepala, Campanula cylindrica | Campanulaceae | Long-Sepal Bellflower |
| Campanula incurva | Campanula leutweinii | Campanulaceae | Evia Bellflower |
| Campanula latifolia | | Campanulaceae | Large Bellflower |
| Campanula medium 'Calycanthema' | Campanula medium var. calycanthema | Campanulaceae | Cup and Saucer Bellflower |
| Campanula medium | | Campanulaceae | Canterbury Bells |
| Campanula pallida | Campanula colorata, Campanula himalayensis, Campanula hoffmeisteri, Campanula ramulosa | Campanulaceae | Purple Bellflower |
| Campanula pallida | Campanula colorata | Campanulaceae | Pale Bellflower |
| Campanula pallida Wall. var. tibetica | Campanula colorata var. tibetica | Campanulaceae | Tibetan Pale Bellflower |
| Campsis grandiflora | | Bignoniaceae | Chinese Trumpet Creeper |
| Campsis radicans | | Bignoniaceae | Trumpet Creeper |
| Campsis x tagliabuana | | Bignoniaceae | Madame Galen Trumpet Creeper |
| Campylotropis macrostyla | Crotalaria macrostyla, Lespedeza macrostyla | Fabaceae | Long-Tailed Rattlepod |
| Campylotropis meeboldii | Campylotropis eriocarpa var. falconeri, Campylotropis falconeri | Fabaceae | Meebold's Rattlepod |
| Cananga odorata | Uvaria odorata | Annonaceae | Ylang Ylang |
| Cananga odorata var. fruticosa | Cananga fruticosa, Cananga kirkii | Annonaceae | Dwarf Ylang Ylang |
| Canavalia ensiformis | | Fabaceae | Horse Bean |
| Canavalia gladiata | Dolichos gladiatus | Fabaceae | Sword Bean |
| Canavalia lineata | Canavalia lineata, Canavalia maritima | Fabaceae | Beach Bean |
| Cannabis sativa | | Cannabaceae | Marijuana |
| Canna indica | | Cannaceae | Indian Shot |
| Canna spp. | | Cannaceae | Canna |
| Canscora alata | Exacum alatum, Canscora decussata, Pladera decussata | Gentianaceae | Winged-Stem Canscora |
| Canscora diffusa | | Gentianaceae | Kilwar |
| Canscora khandalensis | | Gentianaceae | Khandala Canscora |
| Canscora perfoliata | | Gentianaceae | Pierced Leaf Canscora |
| Cansjera rheedei | Cansjera lanceolata, Cansjera zizyphifolia, Lagetta malabarica | Opiliaceae | Rheed's False Olive |
| Canthium angustifolium | Dondisia leschenaultii, Canthium leschenaultii, Canthium trachystyle | Rubiaceae | Narrow Leaved Canthium |
| Canthium coromandelicum | Canthium parviflorum, Plectronia parviflora, Paederia valli-kara, Webera tetrandra | Rubiaceae | Coromandel Boxwood |
| Canthium diccocum | Canthium didymum, Psydrax dicoccos | Rubiaceae | Ceylon Boxwood |
| Capparis baducca | Capparis rheedei, Capparis malabaria, Capparis heyneana, | Capparaceae | Rheed's Caper |
| Capparis brevispina | Capparis wallichiana | Capparaceae | Indian Caper |
| Capparis cartilaginea | | Capparaceae | Cartilage Caper |
| Capparis decidua | | Capparaceae | Bare Caper |
| Capparis divaricata | | Capparaceae | Spreading Caper |
| Capparis moonii | | Capparaceae | Large Caper |
| Capparis rotundifolia | | Capparaceae | Round Leaf Caper |
| Capparis sepiaria | | Capparaceae | Wild Caper Bush |
| Capparis spinosa | Capparis murrayana, Capparis ovata, Capparis rupestris | Capparaceae | Caper Bush |
| Capparis zeylanica | | Capparaceae | Ceylon Caper |
| Capsella bursa-pastoris | | Brassicaceae | Shepherd's Purse |
| Capsicum annuum | | Solanaceae | Capsicum |
| Capsicum annuum var. annuum | Capsicum annuum var. cerasiforme | Solanaceae | Cherry Pepper |
| Capsicum frutescens cv. Nagahari | | Solanaceae | Tezpur Chilli |
| Capsicum frutescens | | Solanaceae | Chilli |
| Caragana brevispina | | Fabaceae | Long-Stalked Peashrub |
| Carallia brachiata | Diatoma brachiata, Petalotoma brachiata | Rhizophoraceae | Freshwater Mangrove |
| Caralluma fimbriata | | Asclepiadaceae | Caralluma |
| Cardamine flexuosa | Cardamine hirsuta ssp. flexuosa, Cardamine muscosa, Cardamine sylvatica | Brassicaceae | Wood Bitter Cress |
| Cardamine hirsuta | | Brassicaceae | Hairy Bitter Cress |
| Cardamine impatiens | Cardamine apetala, Cardamine basisagittata, Cardamine saxatilis | Brassicaceae | Narrow-Leaved Bittercress |
| Cardamine macrophylla | Cardamine polyphylla | Brassicaceae | Toothwort |
| Cardamine subumbellata | | Brassicaceae | Umbelled Bitter Cress |
| Cardiocrinum giganteum | Lilium giganteum | Liliaceae | Giant Himalayan Lily |
| Cardiospermum corindum | Cardiospermum canescens | Sapindaceae | Small Balloon Vine |
| Cardiospermum halicacabum | | Sapindaceae | Balloon Vine |
| Carduus onopordioides | | Asteraceae | Caucasian Cotton Thistle |
| Carex baccans | | Cyperaceae | Crimson Seeded Sedge |
| Careya arborea | | Lecythidaceae | Wild Guava |
| Carica papaya | | Caricaceae | Papaya |
| Carissa carandas | Carissa congesta | Apocynaceae | Karanda |
| Carissa macrocarpa | Carissa grandiflora, Arduina macrocarpa, Arduina grandiflora | Apocynaceae | Natal Plum |
| Carissa spinarum | Carissa hirsuta, Carissa diffusa, Carissa opaca | Apocynaceae | Wild Karanda |
| Carpesium abrotanoides | | Asteraceae | Pig's Head |
| Carpesium cernuum | Carpesium taquetii, Carpesium glossophylloides | Asteraceae | Nodding Carpesium |
| Carthamus lanatus | Carthamus albus, Centaurea lanata, Atractylis lutea | Asteraceae | Saffron Thistle |
| Carthamus oxyacanthus | Carthamus flavescens, Carthamus oxyacantha | Asteraceae | Wild Safflower |
| Carthamus tinctorius | | Asteraceae | Safflower |
| Caryota urens | | Arecaceae | Fishtail Palm |
| Casearia graveolens | | Flacourtiaceae | Chilla |
| Casearia tomentosa | | Flacourtiaceae | Toothed Leaf Chilla |
| Casimiroa edulis | | Rutaceae | White Sapote |
| Cassia bakeriana | | Caesalpiniaceae | Pink Shower Tree |
| Cassia fistula | | Caesalpiniaceae | Amaltas |
| Cassia grandis | | Caesalpiniaceae | Coral Shower Tree |
| Cassia javanica subsp. renigera | Cassia renigera | Caesalpiniaceae | Burmese Pink Cassia |
| Cassia javanica | | Caesalpiniaceae | Java Cassia |
| Cassia occidentalis | Senna occidentalis | Caesalpiniaceae | Coffee Senna |
| Cassia roxburghii | | Caesalpiniaceae | Red Cassia |
| Cassia x nealiae | Cassia javanica x fistula | Caesalpiniaceae | Rainbow Shower Tree |
| Cassia x nealiae | Cassia javanica x fistula | Caesalpiniaceae | White Rainbow Shower Tree |
| Cassine paniculata | Elaeodendron paniculatum | Celastraceae | Panicled Cassine |
| Cassiope fastigiata | Andromeda fastigiata | Ericaceae | Himalayan Heather |
| Cassytha filiformis | | Lauraceae | Love Vine |
| Castanea sativa | | Fagaceae | Sweet Chestnut |
| Castanospermum australe | | Fabaceae | Australian Chestnut |
| Casuarina equisetifolia | | Casuarinaceae | Whistling Pine |
| Catalpa ovata | Bignonia catalpa | Bignoniaceae | Chinese Catalpa |
| Catharanthus pusillus | Lochnera pusilla, Vinca pusilla | Apocynaceae | Tiny Periwinkle |
| Catharanthus roseus | Vinca rosea | Apocynaceae | Periwinkle |
| Cattleya labiata | | Orchidaceae | Cattleya Orchid |
| Catunaregam spinosa | Gardenia spinosa, Randia spinosa, Gardenia dumetorum | Rubiaceae | Mountain Pomegranate |
| Cautleya gracilis | Roscoea gracilis, Cautleya lutea | Zingiberaceae | Slender Shade Ginger |
| Cautleya spicata | Roscoea spicata | Zingiberaceae | Spiked Shade Ginger |
| Cayratia trifolia | Cissus trifolia, Vitis trifolia, Vitis carnosa | Vitaceae | Bush Grape |
| Cedrus deodara | | Pinaceae | Devdar |
| Ceiba insignis | Chorisia insignis | Bombacaceae | White Floss Silk Tree |
| Ceiba pentandra | | Bombacaceae | Kapok Tree |
| Ceiba speciosa | Chorisia speciosa | Bombacaceae | Floss Silk Tree |
| Celastrus paniculatus | Celastrus dependens | Celastraceae | Black Oil Plant |
| Celosia argentea var. cristata | | Amaranthaceae | Cockscomb Crested |
| Celosia argentea var. plumosa | | Amaranthaceae | Cockscomb Plumed |
| Celosia argentea var. spicata | Celosia spicata | Amaranthaceae | Silver Cockscomb |
| Celtis tetrandra | Celtis serotina, Celtis trinervia | Ulmaceae | Eastern Nettle Tree |
| Centaurea cyanus | | Asteraceae | Cornflower |
| Centaurea iberica | | Asteraceae | Iberian Star Thistle |
| Centaurium meyeri | Erythraea meyeri, Erythraea roxburghii, Centaurium centaurioides | Gentianaceae | Pink Centaury |
| Centella asiatica | Centella hirtella, Hydrocotyle asiatica, Hydrocotyle reniformis | Apiaceae | Indian Pennywort |
| Centranthera indica | | Scrophulariaceae | Undir Kani |
| Centratherum punctatum | Centratherum muticum | Asteraceae | Brazilian Button Flower |
| Centrosema pubescens | Centrosema molle, Bradburya pubescens | Fabaceae | Spurred Butterfly Pea |
| Cephalanthera longifolia | Serapias helleborine var. longifolia | Orchidaceae | Sword Leaved Helleborine |
| Cephalotaxus griffithii | | Cephalotaxaceae | Griffith's Plum Yew |
| Cerastium cerastoides | Stellaria cerastoides | Caryophyllaceae | Mountain Chickweed |
| Cerastium davuricum | Cerastium amplexicaule, Cerastium dahuricum, Dichodon dahuricum | Caryophyllaceae | Siberian Chickweed |
| Cerastium fontanum | | Caryophyllaceae | Mouse-Ear Chickweed |
| Cerastium glomeratum | Cerastium viscosum, Cerastium vulgatum var. glomeratum | Caryophyllaceae | Sticky Chickweed |
| Cerastium tomentosum | | Caryophyllaceae | Snow-in-Summer |
| Cerasus cerasoides | Prunus cerasoides, Prunus puddum, Prunus majestica | Rosaceae | Wild Himalayan Cherry |
| Cerbera manghas | Cerbera venenifera, Tanghinia venenifera | Apocynaceae | Sea Mango |
| Cerbera odollam | Cerbera dilatata, Odollamia malabarica, Tanghinia odollam | Apocynaceae | Suicide Tree |
| Cercis siliquastrum | Siliquastrum orbicularis | Fabaceae | Judas Tree |
| Cereus hildmannianus | Cereus peruvianus, Cactus peruvianus | Cactaceae | Hedge Cactus |
| Ceriops tagal | | Rhizophoraceae | Tagal Mangrove |
| Ceropegia anantii | | Asclepiadaceae | Anant's Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia attenuata | | Asclepiadaceae | Tender Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia candelabrum | Ceropegia bulbosa, Ceropegia tuberosa | Asclepiadaceae | Candlestick Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia hirsuta | Ceropegia hispida, Ceropegia jacquemontiana, Ceropegia ophiocephala | Asclepiadaceae | Hairy Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia jainii | Ceropegia prainii | Asclepiadaceae | Jaini Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia juncea | | Asclepiadaceae | Leafless Goglet Flower |
| Ceropegia lawii | | Asclepiadaceae | Law's Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia longifolia | Ceropegia angustifolia, Ceropegia lanceolata, Ceropegia borii | Asclepiadaceae | Longleaf Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia macrantha | | Asclepiadaceae | Large-Flowered Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia media | | Asclepiadaceae | Medium Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia oculata | | Asclepiadaceae | Peacock Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia pubescens | | Asclepiadaceae | Yellow Himalayan Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia rollae | | Asclepiadaceae | Rolla's Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia sahyadrica | | Asclepiadaceae | Sahyadri Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia spiralis | | Asclepiadaceae | Spiral Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia vincifolia | Ceropegia hirsuta var. vincifolia | Asclepiadaceae | Vinca-Leaved Ceropegia |
| Ceropegia woodii | Ceropegi linearis subsp. woodii | Asclepiadaceae | Chain of Hearts |
| Cestrum aurantiacum | | Solanaceae | Orange Cestrum |
| Cestrum diurnum | | Solanaceae | Day Jasmine |
| Cestrum elegans | Cestrum purpureum, Habrothamnus purpureus, Habrothamnus elegans | Solanaceae | Purple Cestrum |
| Cestrum fasciculatum | | Solanaceae | Red Cestrum |
| Cestrum nocturnum | | Solanaceae | Night Blooming Jasmine |
| Cestrum parqui | | Solanaceae | Green Cestrum |
| Chaenomeles japonica | Cydonia japonica, Pyrus japonica | Rosaceae | Japanese Flowering Quince |
| Chaerophyllum reflexum | Chaerophyllum cachemiricum | Apiaceae | Kashmir Chervil |
| Chaerophyllum reflexum var. acuminatum | Chaerophyllum acuminatum | Apiaceae | West Himalayan Chervil |
| Chaetoseris hastata | Chondrilla hastata, Lactuca hastata, Cicerbita cyanea var. hastata | Asteraceae | Arrowleaf Blue-Sow-Thistle |
| Chamaecrista absus | Cassia absus | Caesalpiniaceae | Tropical Sensitive Pea |
| Chamaecrista mimosoides | Cassia mimosoides, Cassia sensitiva | Caesalpiniaceae | Feather-leaved Cassia |
| Chamaecrista nictitans | Cassia lechenaultiana, Cassia aeschinomene, Chamaecrista aeschinomene | Caesalpiniaceae | Partridge Pea |
| Chamaecrista pumila | Cassia pumila | Caesalpiniaceae | Dwarf Cassia |
| Chamaedorea metallica | | Arecaceae | Metal Palm |
| Chamaesyce hypericifolia | Chamaesyce glomerifera, Euphorbia glomerifera, Euphorbia hypericifolia | Euphorbiaceae | Graceful Sandmat |
| Chamaesyce thymifolia | Euphorbia thymifolia, Euphorbia rubicunda | Euphorbiaceae | Gulf Sandmat |
| Chassalia curviflora var. longifolia | Chassalia longifolia | Rubiaceae | Long-Leaved Chassalia |
| Chassalia curviflora var. ophioxyloides | Chassalia ophioxyloides, Chassalia ambigua, Psychotria ophioxyloides | Rubiaceae | Curved Flower Snake Chassalia |
| Chenopodium album | | Chenopodiaceae | Bathua |
| Chenopodium foliosum | Morocarpus foliosus | Chenopodiaceae | Strawberry Sticks |
| Chenopodium murale | | Chenopodiaceae | Nettle-Leaved Goosefoot |
| Chesneya cuneata | Calophaca cuneata, Caragana cuneata, Gueldenstaedtia cuneata | Fabaceae | Wedge-Leaf Chesneya |
| Chiloschista lunifera | Sarcochilus luniferus | Orchidaceae | Thailand Orchid |
| Chionanthus mala-elengi | | Oleaceae | Malabar Fringe Tree |
| Chirita bifolia | | Gesneriaceae | Two-Leaved Chirita |
| Chirita dibangensis | | Gesneriaceae | Dibang Chirita |
| Chirita urticifolia | Chirita grandiflora | Gesneriaceae | Nettle Leaved Chirita |
| Chloris barbata | | Poaceae | Swollen Finger Grass |
| Chlorophytum bharuchae | | Liliaceae | Phulbaji |
| Chlorophytum borivilianum | | Liliaceae | Safed Musli |
| Chlorophytum breviscapum | | Liliaceae | Short Scaped Spider Plant |
| Chlorophytum comosum | | Liliaceae | Spider Plant |
| Chlorophytum glaucoides | | Liliaceae | Glaucous Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum glaucum | Anthericum nimmonii, Hartwegia nimmonii | Liliaceae | Scaly-Stem Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum malabaricum | | Liliaceae | Malabar Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum nepalense | Chlorophytum khasianum, Liliago nepalensis, Chlorophytum undulatum | Asparagaceae | Nepal Chlorophytum |
| Chlorophytum tuberosum | | Liliaceae | Edible Chlorophytum |
| Chloroxylon swietenia | Swietenia chloroxylon | Rutaceae | Ceylon Satinwood |
| Chondrilla juncea | | Asteraceae | Rush Skeleton-Weed |
| Chonemorpha fragrans | | Apocynaceae | Frangipani Vine |
| Christisonia calcarata | | Orobanchaceae | Spurred Christisonia |
| Christisonia tubulosa | | Orobanchaceae | Magenta Ghost Flower |
| Christolea crassifolia | Christolea afghanica, Ermania crassifolia, Koelzia afghanica | Brassicaceae | Afghani Christolea |
| Chromolaena odorata | Eupatorium odoratum | Asteraceae | Siam Weed |
| Chrozophora rottleri | Croton rottleri | Euphorbiaceae | Suryavarti |
| Chrysanthemum coronarium | | Asteraceae | Crown Daisy |
| Chrysanthemum frutescens | | Asteraceae | Marguerite Daisy |
| Chrysanthemum indicum | | Asteraceae | Chrysanthemum |
| Chrysanthemum morifolium 'Illusion' | Dendranthema X grandiflorum | Asteraceae | Quilled Daisy Mum |
| Chrysanthemum morifolium | Dendranthema X grandiflorum | Asteraceae | Garden Mum |
| Chrysanthemum morifolium | Dendranthema X grandiflorum | Asteraceae | Spider Mum |
| Chrysanthemum morifolium | Dendranthema X grandiflorum | Asteraceae | Spoon Mum |
| Chrysophyllum cainito | | Sapotaceae | Star Apple |
| Chrysopogon aciculatus | Andropogon aciculatus, Andropogon acicularis | Poaceae | Golden Beardgrass |
| Chrysothemis pulchella | | Gesneriaceae | Sunset Bells |
| Chukrasia tabularis | | Meliaceae | Chikrasi |
| Cicer arietinum | | Fabaceae | Chickpea |
| Cicerbita brunoniana | Prenanthes brunoniana, Lactuca brunoniana | Asteraceae | Himalayan Blue Sow-Thistle |
| Cicerbita macrantha | | Asteraceae | Large Violet Dandelion |
| Cicerbita macrorhiza | | Asteraceae | Violet Dandelion |
| Cicerbita violaefolia | Prenanthes violaefolia | Asteraceae | Viola-Leaved Blue Sow-Thistle |
| Cichorium intybus | | Asteraceae | Chicory |
| Cicuta virosa | | Apiaceae | Cowbane |
| Cinnamomum camphora | Camphora officinarum, Laurus camphora | Lauraceae | Camphor Tree |
| Cinnamomum tamala | Cinnamomum tejpata, Laurus tamala | Lauraceae | Indian Bay Leaf |
| Cinnamomum verum | Cinnamomum zeylanicum | Lauraceae | Cinnamon |
| Cipadessa baccifera | Melia baccifera, Cipadessa fruticosa | Meliaceae | Ranabili |
| Cirsium arvense | Carduus arvensis, Serratula setosa, Cirsium setosum | Asteraceae | Creeping Thistle |
| Cirsium eriophoroides | | Asteraceae | Wool Bearing Thistle |
| Cirsium falconeri | | Asteraceae | Falconer's Thistle |
| Cirsium verutum | Cirsium argyracanthum, Cirsium involucratum, Cnicus argyracanthus | Asteraceae | Common Thistle |
| Cirsium wallichii | Cirsium nepalense, Cnicus wallichii | Asteraceae | Wallich's Thistle |
| Cissampelos pareira | Abuta grandifolia | Menispermaceae | Velvet Leaf |
| Cissus javana | Cissus discolor, Vitis discolor | Vitaceae | Climbing Begonia |
| Cissus quadrangularis | Cissus quadrangula, Cissus tetraptera, Vitis quadrangularis | Vitaceae | Veldt Grape |
| Cissus repanda | Vitis repanda, Vitis pallida | Vitaceae | Pani Bel |
| Cissus rotundifolia | Vitis crassifolia, Cissus crassifolia, Saelanthus rotundifolius | Vitaceae | Venezuelan Treebine |
| Cissus woodrowii | | Vitaceae | Woodrow's Grape Tree |
| Cistanche tubulosa | | Orobanchaceae | Desert Hyacinth |
| Citharexylum spinosum | Citharexylum fruticosum | Verbenaceae | Fiddlewood |
| Citrullus colocynthis | Cucumis colocynthis, Colocynthis vulgaris | Cucurbitaceae | Bitter Apple |
| Citrullus lanatus | Citrullus vulgaris | Cucurbitaceae | Watermelon |
| Citrus aurantifolia | | Rutaceae | Lime |
| Citrus limon | | Rutaceae | Lemon |
| Citrus maxima | Citrus grandis | Rutaceae | Pomelo |
| Citrus medica | | Rutaceae | Citron |
| Citrus sinensis | | Rutaceae | Sweet Orange |
| Clarkia amoena | | Onagraceae | Farewell to Spring |
| Clarkia elegans | | Onagraceae | Clarkia |
| Clarkia pulchella | | Onagraceae | Deer Horn Clarkia |
| Cleistanthus collinus | Lebedieropsis orbicularis | Euphorbiaceae | Garari |
| Cleistocactus strausii | | Cactaceae | Silver Torch Cactus |
| Clematis barbellata | Clematis barbellata var. obtusa | Ranunculaceae | Brown Clematis |
| Clematis connata | | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Clematis |
| Clematis flammula | | Ranunculaceae | Fragrant Virgin's Bower |
| Clematis gouriana | | Ranunculaceae | Gourian Clematis |
| Clematis grata | Clematis cordata, Clematis vitalba subsp. grata | Ranunculaceae | Charming Clematis |
| Clematis hedysarifolia | | Ranunculaceae | Burman Clematis |
| Clematis heynei | Clematis triloba | Ranunculaceae | Deccan Clematis |
| Clematis hirsuta | Clematis orientalis subsp. wightiana, Clematis wightiana Wall. ex Wight & Arn. | Ranunculaceae | Hairy Clematis |
| Clematis ladakhiana | Clematis orientalis var. longifoliolata, Clematis orientalis var. acutifolia | Ranunculaceae | Ladakh Clematis |
| Clematis montana | | Ranunculaceae | Anemone Clematis |
| Clematis recta | | Ranunculaceae | Erect Clematis |
| Clematis roylei | | Ranunculaceae | Royle's Clematis |
| Clematis tibetana var. vernayi | Clematis vernayi, Clematis tibetana subsp. vernayi | Ranunculaceae | Vernay's Tibetan Clematis |
| Clematis viticella | Anemone viticella, Clematis baccata, Clematis pulchella | Ranunculaceae | Purple Clematis |
| Cleome chelidonii | | Capparaceae | Celandine Spider Flower |
| Cleome gynandra | Cleome pentaphylla, Gynandropsis gynandra, Gynandropsis pentaphylla | Capparaceae | Wild Spider Flower |
| Cleome hasslerana | | Capparaceae | Spider Flower |
| Cleome rutidosperma | Cleome ciliata | Capparaceae | Fringed Spider Flower |
| Cleome simplicifolia | Polanisia simplicifolia | Capparaceae | Simple Leaved Clammyweed |
| Cleome speciosa | Cleome speciosissima, Gynandropsis speciosa | Capparaceae | Showy Spider Flower |
| Cleome viscosa | Polanisia viscosa | Capparaceae | Asian Spider Flower |
| Clerodendrum chinense | Clerodendrum fragrans, Clerodendrum philippinum | Verbenaceae | Chinese Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum colebrookianum | | Verbenaceae | East Indian Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum incisum | Rotheca incisa, Clerodendrum macrosiphon, Clerodendrum dalei | Verbenaceae | Musical Note |
| Clerodendrum indicum | Clerodendrum siphonanthus | Verbenaceae | Tubeflower |
| Clerodendrum inerme | Volkameria inermis | Verbenaceae | Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum infortunatum | Clerodendrum viscosum, Clerodendrum calycinum | Verbenaceae | Hill Glory Bower |
| Clerodendrum japonicum | Volkameria japonica, Clerodendrum kaempferi, Clerodendrum squamatum | Verbenaceae | Japanese Glorybower |
| Clerodendrum paniculatum | Clerodendrum diversifolium, Volkameria diversifolia | Verbenaceae | Pagoda Flower |
| Clerodendrum phlomidis | | Verbenaceae | Arni |
| Clerodendrum speciosum | | Verbenaceae | Red Bleeding Heart |
| Clerodendrum splendens | | Verbenaceae | Flaming Glorybower |
| Clerodendrum thomsoniae | | Verbenaceae | Bleeding Heart Vine |
| Clerodendrum wallichii | Clerodendrum nutans, Clerodendrum penduliflorum | Verbenaceae | Bridal Veil |
| Clinopodium umbrosum | Calamintha umbrosa, Clinopodium repens, Melissa umbrosum | Lamiaceae | Shady Calamint |
| Clinopodium vulgare | Calamintha clinopodium, Satureja vulgaris | Lamiaceae | Cushion Calamint |
| Clitoria annua | Clitoria biflora | Fabaceae | Bombay Bean |
| Clitoria arborea | | Fabaceae | Butterfly Pea Tree |
| Clitoria ternatea | | Fabaceae | Butterfly Pea |
| Clivia miniata | Imantophyllum miniatum | Amaryllidaceae | Bush Lily |
| Clusia rosea | | Clusiaceae | Autograph Tree |
| Cobaea scandens | Cobaea lasseri, Rosenbergia scandens | Polemoniaceae | Cup and Saucer Vine |
| Coccinia grandis | Coccinia indica | Cucurbitaceae | Ivy Gourd |
| Coccoloba uvifera | | Polygonaceae | Sea Grape |
| Cocculus hirsutus | Cocculus villosus | Menispermaceae | Broom Creeper |
| Cochlospermum religiosum | Bombax gossypium, Cochlospermum gossypium, Maximilianea gossypium | Bixaceae | Buttercup Tree |
| Cocos nucifera | | Arecaceae | Coconut |
| Codariocalyx motorius | Hedysarum motorium, Desmodium gyrans, Hedysarum gyrans | Fabaceae | Telegraph Plant |
| Codiaeum variegatum | | Euphorbiaceae | Croton |
| Codonopsis lanceolata | Codonopsis bodinieri, Campanumoea lanceolata, Codonopsis yesoensis | Campanulaceae | Bonnet Bellflower |
| Codonopsis ovata | Glosocomia ovata, Wahlenbergia roylei | Campanulaceae | Kashmir Bellflower |
| Codonopsis pilosula | Codonopsis modesta, Campanumoea pilosula, Codonopsis volubilis | Campanulaceae | Dangshen Bellflower |
| Codonopsis rotundifolia | Codonopsis lurida | Campanulaceae | Roundleaf Bellflower |
| Coelogyne breviscapa | Pleione breviscapa, Coelogyne angustifolia | Orchidaceae | Short-Stem Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne corymbosa | Pleione corymbosa | Orchidaceae | Clustered Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne cristata | | Orchidaceae | Crested Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne fimbriata | Coelogyne ovalis | Orchidaceae | Fringed Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne fuscescens | | Orchidaceae | Ocher Yellow Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne nitida | Coelogyne ochracea, Cymbidium nitidum | Orchidaceae | Shining Coelogyne |
| Coelogyne punctulata | | Orchidaceae | Spotted Coelogyne |
| Coffea arabica | | Rubiaceae | Coffee |
| Coffea canephora | Coffea robusta | Rubiaceae | Robusta Coffee |
| Coffea liberica | | Rubiaceae | Liberian Coffee |
| Coix aquatica | Coix gigantea subsp. aquatica | Poaceae | Aquatic Job's Tears |
| Coix lacryma-jobi | Coix arundinacea, Coix lachryma | Poaceae | Job's Tears |
| Colchicum luteum | | Colchicaceae | Yellow Colchicum |
| Coldenia procumbens | | Boraginaceae | Creeping Coldenia |
| Colebrookea oppositifolia | | Lamiaceae | Indian Squirrel Tail |
| Coleus blumei | | Lamiaceae | Coleus |
| Colocasia esculenta | | Araceae | Green Taro |
| Colquhounia coccinea | | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Mint Shrub |
| Colvillea racemosa | | Caesalpiniaceae | Colville's Glory |
| Combretum albidum | Combretum ovalifolium | Combretaceae | Piluki |
| Combretum coccineum | | Combretaceae | Scarlet Comb |
| Combretum indicum | Quisqualis indica, Quisqualis grandiflora, Quisqualis sinensis | Combretaceae | Rangoon Creeper |
| Combretum latifolium | | Combretaceae | Large Leaved Climbing Bushwillow |
| Combretum nanum | | Combretaceae | Dwarf Bushwillow |
| Combretum rotundifolium | Combretum aubletii | Combretaceae | Monkey Brush Vine |
| Commelina benghalensis | | Commelinaceae | Whiskered Commelina |
| Commelina clavata | Commelina salicifolia, Commelina thwaitesii, Commelina diffusa | Commelinaceae | Willow Leaved Dayflower |
| Commelina forsskalii | | Commelinaceae | Kanpet |
| Commelina maculata | Commelina obliqua var. viscida, Commelina paludosa var. viscida | Commelinaceae | Spotted Dayflower |
| Commelina paludosa | Commelina obliqua | Commelinaceae | Swamp Dayflower |
| Commelina suffruticosa | Spathodithyros suffruticosus, Commelina rugulosa, Commelina simsonii | Commelinaceae | Shrubby Dayflower |
| Commelina undulata | Commelina striata, Commelina longifolia, Commelina kurzii | Commelinaceae | Long Leaved Dayflower |
| Commicarpus chinensis | Boerhavia chinensis, Boerhavia repanda, Valeriana chinensis | Nyctaginaceae | Diffuse Hogweed |
| Commiphora stocksiana | Balsamea stocksiana, Balsamodendron pubescens | Burseraceae | Mitha Guggal |
| Conium maculatum | | Apiaceae | Poison Hemlock |
| Connarus monocarpus | | Connaraceae | Indian Zebrawood |
| Conringia planisiliqua | Erysimum patisiliquum, Sisymbrium planisiliquum | Brassicaceae | Flat-Pod Hare's Ear Mustard |
| Consolida ajacis | | Ranunculaceae | Larkspur |
| Convallaria majalis | | Asparagaceae | European Lily of the Valley |
| Convolvulus arvensis | | Convolvulaceae | Field Bindweed |
| Convolvulus prostratus | Convolvulus pluricaulis, Convolvulus microphyllus | Convolvulaceae | Shankh Pushpi |
| Conyza bonariensis | | Asteraceae | Flaxleaf Fleabane |
| Conyza canadensis | | Asteraceae | Canadian Horseweed |
| Conyza japonica | Conyza veronicifolia, Conyza congesta, Blumea compactiflora | Asteraceae | Japanese Fleabane |
| Conyza leucantha | Blumea leucantha, Erigeron leucanthum, Vernonia subsimplex | Asteraceae | White-Flowered Fleabane |
| Conyza stricta | | Asteraceae | Erect Horseweed |
| Conyza sumatrensis | Conyza floribunda, Erigeron albida | Asteraceae | Tall Fleabane |
| Copiapoa esmeraldana | Copiapoa humilis | Cactaceae | Esmeralda Copiapoa |
| Corallodiscus lanuginosus | Didissandra lanuginosa, Didymocarpus lanuginosus | Gesneriaceae | Blue Stone Flower |
| Corallorhiza trifida | | Orchidaceae | Yellow Coralroot |
| Corchorus aestuans | Corchorus acutangulus | Tiliaceae | East Indian Mallow |
| Corchorus capsularis | | Tiliaceae | White Jute |
| Corchorus olitorius | | Tiliaceae | Nalta Jute |
| Corchorus trilocularis | Corchorus aestuans, Corchorus fruticulosus, Corchorus triflorus | Tiliaceae | Wild Jute |
| Cordia boissieri | | Boraginaceae | Texas Olive |
| Cordia dichotoma | | Boraginaceae | Indian Cherry |
| Cordia lutea | | Boraginaceae | Yellow Cordia |
| Cordia sebestena | | Boraginaceae | Scarlet Cordia |
| Cordia subcordata | | Boraginaceae | Beach Cordia |
| Cordia vestita | Gerascanthus vestitus, Gynaion vestitum | Boraginaceae | Bairola |
| Cordyline australis | Cordyline forsteri, Cordyline superbiens, Cordyline sturmii | Asparagaceae | Cabbage Tree |
| Cordyline fruticosa | Cordyline terminalis | Agavaceae | Ti Plant |
| Coreopsis auriculata | | Asteraceae | Mouse Ear Coreopsis |
| Coreopsis tinctoria | | Asteraceae | Golden Coreopsis |
| Coreopsis verticillata 'Moonbeam' | | Asteraceae | Coreopsis Moonbeam |
| Coriandrum sativum | | Apiaceae | Coriander |
| Coriaria nepalensis | | Coriariaceae | Masuri Berry |
| Cornus capitata | Benthamidia capitata, Benthamia capitata, Cynoxylon capitatum | Cornaceae | Himalayan Strawberry Tree |
| Cornus macrophylla | Cornus brachypoda, Swida macrophylla | Cornaceae | Large Leaf Dogwood |
| Cornus oblonga | Swida oblonga, Yinquania oblonga | Cornaceae | Oblong-Petal Dogwood |
| Cortia depressa | Cortia lindleyi, Athamanta depressa, Cortia nepalensis | Apiaceae | Prostrate Cortia |
| Cortusa brotheri | Cortusa himalaica | Primulaceae | Himalayan Bell Primrose |
| Corydalis cashmeriana | | Fumariaceae | Kashmir Corydalis |
| Corydalis cornuta | | Fumariaceae | Horned Corydalis |
| Corydalis diphylla | Corydalis longipes, Corydalis hamiltoniana, Corydalis modesta | Fumariaceae | Two-Leaved Corydalis |
| Corydalis filiformis | | Fumariaceae | Slender Corydalis |
| Corydalis govaniana | | Fumariaceae | Govan's Corydalis |
| Corydalis meifolia | Capnoides meifolia, Corydalis meifolia var. violacea | Fumariaceae | Threadleaf Corydalis |
| Corydalis moorcroftiana | Capnoides moorcroftiana | Fumariaceae | Moorcroft's Corydalis |
| Corydalis ophiocarpa | Capnoides ophiocarpa, Corydalis japonica | Fumariaceae | Snake Pod Corydalis |
| Corydalis thyrsiflora | Corydalis gortschakovii | Fumariaceae | Thyrse Corydalis |
| Corylopsis himalayana | Corylopsis grata, Corylopsis manipurensis | Hamamelidaceae | Himalayan Winter Hazel |
| Corylus jacquemontii | Corylus colurna var. lacera | Betulaceae | Jacquemont's Hazel |
| Corymbia citriodora | Eucalyptus citriodora | Myrtaceae | Lemon Scented Gum |
| Corypha umbraculifera | | Arecaceae | Talipot Palm |
| Cosmos atrosanguineus | | Asteraceae | Chocolate Cosmos |
| Cosmos bipinnatus 'Pied Piper Red' | | Asteraceae | Cosmos Pied Piper Red |
| Cosmos bipinnatus | | Asteraceae | Cosmos pink |
| Cosmos bipinnatus | | Asteraceae | Cosmos white |
| Cosmos caudatus | | Asteraceae | Wild Cosmos |
| Cosmos sulphureus | | Asteraceae | Cosmos orange |
| Cosmostigma racemosum | Asclepias racemosa | Asclepiadaceae | Green Milkweed Creeper |
| Costus pictus | Costus hieroglyphica, Costus mexicanus, Costus congestus | Costaceae | Painted Spiral Ginger |
| Costus speciosus | | Costaceae | Crepe Ginger |
| Costus woodsonii | | Zingiberaceae | Red Button Ginger |
| Cotinus coggygria | | Anacardiaceae | Smoke Tree |
| Cotoneaster adpressus | Cotoneaster garhwalensis, Cotoneaster taoensis | Rosaceae | Creeping Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster glabratus | | Rosaceae | Maroon Branch Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster microphyllus | | Rosaceae | Rockspray Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster nummularius | | Rosaceae | Coinwort Cotoneaster |
| Cotoneaster rotundifolius | Cotoneaster prostratus, Cotoneaster microphyllus var. rotundifolius | Rosaceae | Roundleaf Cotoneaster |
| Cottonia peduncularis | Vanda peduncularis, Cottonia macrostachya | Orchidaceae | Bee Orchid |
| Couroupita guianensis | | Lecythidaceae | Cannon Ball Tree |
| Craniotome furcata | Nepeta versicolor, Anisomeles furcata, Anisomeles nepalensis | Lamiaceae | Multicolored Catmint |
| Crassocephalum crepidioides | Gynura crepidioides | Asteraceae | Thickhead |
| Crassula ovata | Crassula portulacea, Crassula argentea, Cotyledon ovata | Crassulaceae | Jade Plant |
| Crataegus laevigata 'Paul's Scarlet' | | Rosaceae | Paul's Scarlet Hawthorn |
| Crataegus monogyna | | Rosaceae | Common Hawthorn |
| Crataeva adansonii subsp. odora | | Capparaceae | Garlic Pear Tree |
| Crawfurdia angustata | Crawfurdia trailliana, Gentiana helenii | Gentianaceae | Pink Gentian Vine |
| Crawfurdia speciosa | Gentiana speciosa | Gentianaceae | Showy Gentian Vine |
| Cremanthodium arnicoides | Senecio arnicoides, Ligularia arnicoides, Senecillis arnicoides | Asteraceae | Himalayan Daisy |
| Cremanthodium decaisnei | Senecio renatus, Cremanthodium decaisnei f. clarke | Asteraceae | Decaisne's Cremanthodium |
| Cremanthodium ellisii | Cremanthodium plantagineum, Cremanthodium oblongatum | Asteraceae | Himalayan Mini Sunflower |
| Cremanthodium thomsonii | | Asteraceae | Thomson's Cremanthodium |
| Crepidium resupinatum | Epidendrum resupinatum, Crepidium plantagineum, Malaxis resupinata | Orchidaceae | Inverted Crepidium |
| Crepis flexuosa | Crepis glauca, Barkhausia flexuosa, Youngia flexuosa | Asteraceae | Tangled Hawksbeard |
| Crepis sancta | | Asteraceae | Sacred Hawksbeard |
| Crescentia cujete | | Bignoniaceae | Calabash Tree |
| Cressa cretica | | Convolvulaceae | Rudravanti |
| Crinum amabile | | Amaryllidaceae | Giant Spider Lily |
| Crinum amoenum | | Amaryllidaceae | Himalayan Crinum Lily |
| Crinum asiaticum | | Amaryllidaceae | Grand Crinum Lily |
| Crinum latifolium | Crinum cochinchinense, Crinum longistylum, Crinum esquirolii | Amaryllidaceae | Milk and Wine Lily |
| Crinum moorei | | Amaryllidaceae | Natal Lily |
| Crinum powellii 'Album' | | Amaryllidaceae | Cape Coast Lily |
| Crinum powellii | | Amaryllidaceae | Cape Lily |
| Crinum viviparum | Amaryllis vivipara, Crinum ensifolium | Amaryllidaceae | River Crinum Lily |
| Crinum woodrowii | | Amaryllidaceae | Woodrow's Crinum Lily |
| Crocosmia crocosmiiflora | | Iridaceae | Montbretia |
| Crocus sativus | | Iridaceae | Saffron Flower |
| Crossandra infundibuliformis | | Acanthaceae | Crossandra |
| Crotalaria alata | Crotalaria bialata | Fabaceae | Winged-Stem Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria albida | | Fabaceae | Narrowleaf Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria berteroana | Crotalaria fulva | Fabaceae | Tawny Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria calycina | | Fabaceae | Silky-Haired Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria filipes | | Fabaceae | Creeping Hemp |
| Crotalaria fysonii | | Fabaceae | Fyson's Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria hebecarpa | Goniogyna hebecarpa, Goniogyna hirta, Hallia hirta | Fabaceae | Fuzzy Fruited Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria hirsuta | Crotalaria dichotoma, Crotalaria rubiginosa | Fabaceae | Hairy Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria humifusa | Crotalaria prostrata | Fabaceae | Sprawling Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria juncea | | Fabaceae | Sunn Hemp |
| Crotalaria leptostachya | | Fabaceae | Slender Spiked Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria medicaginea var. medicaginea | Crotalaria procumbens, Crotalaria virgata, Indigofera capitata | Fabaceae | Medick Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria mysorensis | | Fabaceae | Mysore Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria nana | | Fabaceae | Tiny Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria pallida | Crotalaria mucronata, Crotalaria striata | Fabaceae | Smooth Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria prostrata | | Fabaceae | Prostrate Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria quinquefolia | | Fabaceae | Five Leaf Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria retusa | | Fabaceae | Rattleweed |
| Crotalaria sessiliflora subsp. sessiliflora | Crotalaria nepaulensis, Crotalaria burmanica | Fabaceae | Stalkless Blue Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria spectabilis | Crotalaria sericea, Crotalaria leschenenaulti | Fabaceae | Showy Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria tetragona | Crotalaria grandiflora, Crotalaria esquirolii | Fabaceae | Eastern Rattlepod |
| Crotalaria verrucosa | | Fabaceae | Blue Rattlepod |
| Croton bonplandianus | | Euphorbiaceae | Ban Tulsi |
| Crucihimalaya himalaica | Arabidopsis himalaica, Arabis himalaica, Arabis rupestre | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Rock-Cress |
| Crucihimalaya mollissima | Arabidopsis mollissima, Hesperis mollissima, Stenophragma mollissimum | Brassicaceae | Soft Rock-Cress |
| Cryptanthus argyrophyllus | | Bromeliaceae | Silver Leaved Earth-Star |
| Cryptochilus sanguineus | | Orchidaceae | Red Cryptochilus |
| Cryptolepis buchananii | Trachelospermum cavaleriei | Asclepiadaceae | Wax Leaved Climber |
| Cryptomeria japonica | | Cupressaceae | Japanese Cedar |
| Cryptostegia grandiflora | | Apocynaceae | Rubber Vine |
| Cucumis maderaspatanus | Mukia maderaspatana | Cucurbitaceae | Madras Pea Pumpkin |
| Cucumis melo ssp. agrestis | Cucumis melo var. agrestis | Cucurbitaceae | Wild Melon |
| Cucumis melo | Cucumis pubescens, Cucumis trigonus, Cucumis callosus | Cucurbitaceae | Melon |
| Cucumis sativus | | Cucurbitaceae | Cucumber |
| Cucurbita maxima | | Cucurbitaceae | Giant Pumpkin |
| Cucurbita pepo | Cucumis pepo | Cucurbitaceae | Pumpkin |
| Cullen corylifolium | Psoralea corylifolia, Cullen corylifolia | Fabaceae | Scurfy Pea |
| Cuphea hyssopifolia | | Lythraceae | Mexican Heather |
| Cuphea ignea | | Lythraceae | Cigar Plant |
| Cuphea micropetala | | Lythraceae | Tall Cigar Plant |
| Cuphea viscosissima | Cuphea petiolata | Lythraceae | Blue Waxweed |
| Cupressus arizonica | | Cupressaceae | Arizona Cypress |
| Cupressus sempervirens | | Cupressaceae | Italian Cypress |
| Cupressus torulosa | Cupressus tongmaiensis | Cupressaceae | Himalayan Cypress |
| Curculigo orchioides | Curculigo ensifolia, Curculigo brevifolia, Hypoxis orchioides | Hypoxidaceae | Golden Eye Grass |
| Curcuma angustifolia | | Zingiberaceae | East Indian Arrowroot |
| Curcuma aromatica | | Zingiberaceae | Wild Turmeric |
| Curcuma caesia | | Zingiberaceae | Black Turmeric |
| Curcuma inodora | | Zingiberaceae | Scentless Turmeric |
| Curcuma karnatakensis | | Zingiberaceae | Carnatic Curcuma |
| Curcuma longa | | Zingiberaceae | Turmeric |
| Curcuma montana | | Zingiberaceae | Mountain Turmeric |
| Curcuma mutabilis | | Zingiberaceae | Changeable Turmeric |
| Curcuma pseudomontana | | Zingiberaceae | Hill Turmeric |
| Cuscuta approximata | Cuscuta cupulata, Cuscuta urceolata | Convolvulaceae | Alfalfa Dodder |
| Cuscuta chinensis var. chinensis | Cuscuta sulcata | Convolvulaceae | Chinese Dodder |
| Cuscuta europaea var. indica | | Convolvulaceae | Greater Dodder |
| Cuscuta reflexa | | Convolvulaceae | Amar Bel |
| Cyamopsis tetragonoloba | Cyamopsis psoraloides, Dolichos fabæformis, Dolichos psoraloides, Psoralea tetragonoloba | Fabaceae | Guar |
| Cyananthus incanus | | Campanulaceae | Hoary Trailing Bellflower |
| Cyananthus lobatus | | Campanulaceae | Trailing Bellflower |
| Cyananthus microphyllus | | Campanulaceae | Small-leaved Trailing Bellflower |
| Cyanotis arachnoidea | Cyanotis bodinieri | Commelinaceae | Grass of the Dew |
| Cyanotis cristata | | Commelinaceae | Nabhali |
| Cyanotis fasciculata | | Commelinaceae | Nilwanti |
| Cyanotis somaliensis | | Commelinaceae | Pussy Ears |
| Cyanotis tuberosa | | Commelinaceae | Greater Cat Ears |
| Cyanotis vaga | Cyanotis barbata, Commelina hirsuta, Tonningia barbata | Commelinaceae | Wandering Dew-Grass |
| Cyanthillium cinereum | Vernonia cinerea, Conyza cinerea, Senecioides cinerea | Asteraceae | Little Ironweed |
| Cyathocline lutea | | Asteraceae | Peela Gangotra |
| Cyathocline purpurea | Tanacelum purpureum, Cyathochine lyrata | Asteraceae | Gangotra |
| Cyathula capitata | | Amaranthaceae | Roundhead Pastureweed |
| Cyathula prostrata | Cyathula repens, Achyranthes prostrata, Achyranthes diffusa | Amaranthaceae | Prostrate Pastureweed |
| Cyathula tomentosa | Achyranthes tomentosa, Achyranthes sequax, Desmochaeta tomentosa | Amaranthaceae | Woolly Pastureweed |
| Cycas revoluta | | Cycadaceae | Sago Palm |
| Cycas rumphii | Cycas circinalis | Cycadaceae | Ceylon Sago Palm |
| Cyclamen persicum var. persicum forma roseum | | Primulaceae | Florist Cyclamen pink |
| Cyclamen persicum var. persicum | | Primulaceae | Florist Cyclamen white |
| Cyclanthera pedata | | Cucurbitaceae | Wild Cucumber |
| Cyclea burmanni | | Menispermaceae | Shining Moon-Seed |
| Cyclea peltata | | Menispermaceae | Raj Patha |
| Cyclospermum leptophyllum | Pimpinella leptophylla, Apium tenuifolium, Cyclospermum ammi, Apium leptophyllum | Apiaceae | Fir-Leaved Celery |
| Cydonia oblonga | Cydonia vulgaris, Pyrus cydonia | Rosaceae | Quince |
| Cymbalaria muralis | | Scrophulariaceae | Kenilworth Ivy |
| Cymbidium 'Alison Shaw' | | Orchidaceae | Cymbidium Alison Shaw |
| Cymbidium aloifolium | Cymbidium intermedium, Cymbidium erectum, Epidendrum pendulam | Orchidaceae | Aloe Leaf Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium Balkis X Cymbidium Cariga | | Orchidaceae | Cymbidium Valya Craig |
| Cymbidium bicolor | | Orchidaceae | Two-Colored Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium eburneum | | Orchidaceae | Ivory Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium lowianum | Cymbidium giganteum var. lowianum, Cyperorchis lowiana | Orchidaceae | Low's Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium macrorhizon | Aphyllorchis aberrans, Cymbidium nipponicum | Orchidaceae | Large Root Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium mastersii | Cyperorchis mastersii, Cymbidium affine, Cymbidium micromeson | Orchidaceae | Master's Cymbidium |
| Cymbidium spp. | | Orchidaceae | Cymbidium hybrid |
| Cymbidium tracyanum | | Orchidaceae | Tracy's Cymbidium |
| Cymbopogon citratus | | Poaceae | Lemon Grass |
| Cynanchum auriculatum | Vincetoxicum auriculatum, Endotropis auriculata | Asclepiadaceae | Heart-Leaf Swallow-Wort |
| Cynanchum dalhousiae | Vincetoxicum dalhousiae | Asclepiadaceae | Dalhousie Swallow-Wort |
| Cynanchum tunicatum | Asclepias tunicata, Cynanchum pauciflorum, Periploca tunicata | Asclepiadaceae | Coated Swallow-Wort |
| Cynara cardunculus | Carduus cardunculus, Cynara sylvestris, Cynara scolymus | Asteraceae | Cardoon |
| Cynarospermum asperrimum | Blepharis asperrima | Acanthaceae | Hill Blepharis |
| Cynodon dactylon | | Poaceae | Bermuda Grass |
| Cynoglossum amabile | | Boraginaceae | Chinese Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum lanceolatum | Cynoglossum canescens, Cynoglossum racemosum | Boraginaceae | Lanceleaf Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum microglochin var. nervosum | Cynoglossum petiolatum var. nervosum, Cynoglossum nervosum | Boraginaceae | Purple Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum wallichii var. glochidiatum | Cynoglossum glochidiatum, Cynoglossum microcarpum, Paracynoglossum denticulatum | Boraginaceae | Barbed Forget-Me-Not |
| Cynoglossum zeylanicum | | Boraginaceae | Ceylon Forget Me Not |
| Cynometra iripa | | Caesalpiniaceae | Wrinkled Pod Mangrove |
| Cyperus alternifolius | | Cyperaceae | Umbrella Palm |
| Cyperus compressus | | Cyperaceae | Poorland Flat Sedge |
| Cyperus difformis | | Cyperaceae | Variable Flatsedge |
| Cyperus eragrostis | | Cyperaceae | Tall Flat Sedge |
| Cyperus niveus | | Cyperaceae | Snow White Sedge |
| Cyperus odoratus | Cyperus ferax, Cyperus engelmannii, Torulinium odoratum | Cyperaceae | Fragrant Flat Sedge |
| Cyperus rotundus | | Cyperaceae | Common Nut Sedge |
| Cyperus scariosus | | Cyperaceae | Umbrella Sedge |
| Cyphostemma auriculatum | Cissus auriculata, Vitis auriculata | Vitaceae | Eared Cyphostemma |
| Cypripedium cordigerum | | Orchidaceae | Heart-shaped Slipper Orchid |
| Cypripedium elegans | Coelogyne elegans | Orchidaceae | Elegant Slipper Orchid |
| Cypripedium himalaicum | Cypripedium macranthon var. himalaicum | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Slipper Orchid |
| Cyrtanthus mackenii | | Amaryllidaceae | Ifafa Lily |
| Cyrtostachys renda | Cyrtostachys lakka | Arecaceae | Sealing Wax Palm |
| Cytisus scoparius | Spartium scoparium, Sarothamnus scoparius | Fabaceae | Scotch Broom |
| Dactyloctenium aegyptium | Eleusine aegyptiaca | Poaceae | Crowfoot Grass |
| Dactylorhiza hatagirea | Orchis latifolia var. indica | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Marsh Orchid |
| Dahlia coccinea | | Asteraceae | Single Flowered Dahlia |
| Dahlia imperialis | | Asteraceae | Tree Dahlia |
| Dahlia | | Asteraceae | Decorative Dahlia |
| Dahlia | | Asteraceae | Waterlily Dahlia |
| Dalbergia horrida | Amerimnon horridum, Dalbergia sympathetica | Fabaceae | Prickly Dalbergia |
| Dalbergia lanceolaria ssp. lanceolaria | | Fabaceae | Takoli |
| Dalbergia latifolia | Amerimnon latifolium | Fabaceae | Black Rosewood |
| Dalbergia rubiginosa | Amerimnon rubiginosum | Fabaceae | Rusty Dalbergia |
| Dalbergia sericea | Dalbergia hircina, Dalbergia stenocarpa | Fabaceae | Silky Dalbergia |
| Dalbergia sissoo | | Fabaceae | Shisham |
| Dalbergia stipulacea | Dalbergia ferruginea | Fabaceae | East Himalayan Dalbergia |
| Dalbergia volubilis | | Fabaceae | Climbing Dalbergia |
| Daphne bholua var. glacialis | | Thymelaeaceae | Icy Himalayan Daphne |
| Daphne mucronata | Daphne acuminata, Daphne cachemireana, Daphne coriacea | Thymelaeaceae | Kashmir Daphne |
| Daphne papyracea | Daphne cannabina, Daphne odora | Thymelaeaceae | Indian Paper Plant |
| Datisca cannabina | Datisca nepalensis, Datisca glabra, Cannabina laevis | Datiscaceae | False Hemp |
| Datura ferox | | Solanaceae | Fierce Thorn Apple |
| Datura innoxia | | Solanaceae | Datura |
| Datura metel 'Blackcurrant Swirl' | | Solanaceae | Datura Blackcurrant Swirl |
| Datura metel 'Flore Pleno' | | Solanaceae | Datura Double Purple |
| Datura metel | | Solanaceae | Datura Triple Yellow |
| Datura stramonium | | Solanaceae | Jimsonweed |
| Datura wrightii | Datura meteloides | Solanaceae | Sacred Datura |
| Daucus carota subsp. sativus | Carota sativa, Daucus carota var. sativus | Apiaceae | Carrot |
| Daucus carota | Daucus vulgaris, Daucus sylvestris | Apiaceae | Wild Carrot |
| Debregeasia longifolia | Urtica longifolia, Debregeasia velutina | Urticaceae | Orange Wild Rhea |
| Debregeasia saeneb | | Urticaceae | Himalayan Wild Rhea |
| Decaschistia crotonifolia | | Malvaceae | Croton Leaf Mysore Mallow |
| Decaschistia trilobata | | Malvaceae | Lobed Leaved Mysore Mallow |
| Deeringia amaranthoides | Achyranthes amaranthoides, Celosia baccata, Deeringia baccata | Amaranthaceae | Shrubby Deeringia |
| Delonix elata | Poinciana elata | Caesalpiniaceae | White Gulmohar |
| Delonix regia | | Caesalpiniaceae | Gulmohar |
| Delphinium brunonianum | Delphinium jacquemontianum | Ranunculaceae | Musk Larkspur |
| Delphinium cashmerianum | | Ranunculaceae | Kashmir Larkspur |
| Delphinium dasycaulon | Delphinium malabaricum | Ranunculaceae | Malabar Delphinium |
| Delphinium denudatum | | Ranunculaceae | Jadwar |
| Delphinium roylei | Delphinium incanum | Ranunculaceae | Royle's Larkspur |
| Delphinium vestitum | Delphinium chitralicum, Delphinium rectivenium | Ranunculaceae | Clothed Delphinium |
| Dendranthema X grandiflorum | | Asteraceae | Chrysanthemum pink |
| Dendranthema X grandiflorum | | Asteraceae | Chrysanthemum yellow |
| Dendranthema X grandiflorum | | Asteraceae | White Chrysanthemum |
| Dendrobium amoenum | Callista amoena, Dendrobium eggertoniae, Dendrobium mesochlorum | Orchidaceae | Lovely Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium aphyllum | Limodorum aphyllum, Dendrobium macrostachyum | Orchidaceae | Leafless Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium barbatulum | | Orchidaceae | Small Bearded Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium bicameratum | Callista bicamerata, Dendrobium breviflorum | Orchidaceae | Short Flower Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium chrysanthum | | Orchidaceae | Golden Flowered Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium chrysotoxum | Dendrobium suavissimum | Orchidaceae | Golden Arch Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium crepidatum | Dendrobium lawianum, Dendrobium actinomorphum | Orchidaceae | Law's Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium cucullatum | Dendrobium pierardii, Dendrobium aphyllum var cucullatum | Orchidaceae | Hooded Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium densiflorum | Callista densiflora, Callista clavata, Dendrobium clavatum | Orchidaceae | Pineapple Orchid |
| Dendrobium devonianum | Callista devoniana, Dendrobium pictum, Dendrobium moulmeinense | Orchidaceae | Devon's Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium fimbriatum | | Orchidaceae | Fringe Lipped Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium formosum | | Orchidaceae | Handsome Flowered Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium herbaceum | | Orchidaceae | Grassy Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium infundibulum | | Orchidaceae | Funnel Lip Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium jenkinsii | | Orchidaceae | Jenkins's Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium kingianum | Callista kingiana, Dendrocoryne kingianum | Orchidaceae | Pink Rock Orchid |
| Dendrobium lituiflorum | Callista lituiflora, Dendrobium hanburyanum | Orchidaceae | Bent-Raceme Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium longicornu | Callista longicornis, Dendrobium flexuosum, Dendrobium hirsutum | Orchidaceae | Long-Horned Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium microbulbon | | Orchidaceae | Tiny Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium moschatum | | Orchidaceae | Musk Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium nobile | | Orchidaceae | Noble Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium ovatum | Dendrobium chlorops, Epidendrum ovatum | Orchidaceae | Green Lipped Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium peguanum | Callista pygmaea, Dendrobium fesselianum, Dendrobium pygmaeum | Orchidaceae | Pegu Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium primulinum | Callista primulina, Dendrobium nobile var pallidiflorum | Orchidaceae | Primrose Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium transparens | | Orchidaceae | Translucent Dendrobium |
| Dendrobium williamsonii | Callista lubbersiana, Callista williamsonii | Orchidaceae | Williamson's Dendrobium |
| Dendrocalamus asper | Bambusa aspera, Bambusa macroculmis, Gigantochloa aspera | Poaceae | Rough Giant Bamboo |
| Dendrocalamus calostachyus | Bambusa calostachya, Sinocalamus calostachyus | Poaceae | Indian Bamboo |
| Dendrocalamus membranaceus | | Poaceae | Waya Bamboo |
| Dendrocalamus strictus | Bambusa stricta, Bambos stricta | Poaceae | Calcutta Bamboo |
| Dendrolobium triangulare | Hedysarum triangulare, Desmodium triangulare | Fabaceae | Triangular Horse Bush |
| Dendrolobium umbellatum | Desmodium umbellatum, Hedysarum umbellatum | Fabaceae | Horse Bush |
| Dendrophthoe curvata | | Loranthaceae | Rainforest Mistletoe |
| Dendrophthoe falcata var. coccinea | | Loranthaceae | Red Honey Suckle Mistletoe |
| Dendrophthoe falcata var. falcata | Loranthus longiflorus var. falcatus, Loranthus falcatus, Loranthus longiflorus | Loranthaceae | Honey Suckle Mistletoe |
| Dendrophthoe glabrescens | Loranthus vitellinus var. glabrescens | Loranthaceae | Smooth Mistletoe |
| Dentella repens | Oldenlandia repens | Rubiaceae | Creeping Dentella |
| Derris canarensis | Derris ovalifolia, Pongamia canarensis | Fabaceae | Kanara Derris |
| Derris heyneana | Pongamia heyneana, Derris heyneana var. paniculata, Derris bakeri | Fabaceae | Climbing Derris |
| Derris scandens | Dalbergia scandens, Dalbergia timoriensis, Deguelia timoriensis | Fabaceae | Jewel Vine |
| Derris trifoliata | Derris uliginosa, Pongamia uliginosa, Robinia uliginosa | Fabaceae | Common Derris |
| Descurainia sophia | Sisymbrium sophia | Brassicaceae | Herb Sophia |
| Desmodiastrum racemosum var. rotundifolium | Desmodium ritchiei, Alysicarpus beddomei, Desmodium rotundifolium | Fabaceae | Ritchie's Desmodium |
| Desmodium concinnum | Desmodium barbigerum, Meibomia concinna | Fabaceae | Blue Desmodium |
| Desmodium dichotomum | Desmodium diffusum | Fabaceae | Chikta |
| Desmodium elegans | | Fabaceae | Elegant Desmodium |
| Desmodium gangeticum | Hedysarum gangeticum | Fabaceae | Sal Leaved Desmodium |
| Desmodium heterocarpon | Hedysarum heterocarpon | Fabaceae | Asian Tick Trefoil |
| Desmodium laxiflorum | | Fabaceae | Loose Flowered Desmodium |
| Desmodium multiflorum | Hedysarum floribundum, Desmodium nepalense, Desmodium floribundum | Fabaceae | Many-Flowered Desmodium |
| Desmodium oojeinense | Dalbergia oojeinensis, Ougeinia oojeinensis, Ougeinia dalbergioides | Fabaceae | Sandan |
| Desmodium triflorum | Meibomia triflora, Desmodium parvifolium, Hedysarum triflorum | Fabaceae | Creeping Tick Trefoil |
| Desmodium velutinum | Hedysarum velutinum, Meibomia lasiocarpa, Desmodium latifolium | Fabaceae | Velvet-Leaf Desmodium |
| Desmostachya bipinnata | Uniola bipinnata, Poa cynosuriodes, Eragrostis cynosuriodes | Poaceae | Daabh |
| Deutzia bhutanensis | | Hydrangeaceae | Bhutan Deutzia |
| Deutzia compacta | | Hydrangeaceae | Compact Deutzia |
| Deutzia scabra | Deutzia sieboldiana | Hydrangeaceae | Fuzzy Deutzia |
| Deutzia staminea | Deutzia brunoniana | Hydrangeaceae | Long-Stamen Deutzia |
| Dianella tasmanica | | Liliaceae | Flax Lily |
| Dianella tasmanica 'Variegata' | | Liliaceae | Flax Lily Variegated |
| Dianthus anatolicus | Dianthus parviflorus, Dianthus kotschyanus | Caryophyllaceae | Anatolian Pink |
| Dianthus angulatus | Dianthus orientalis var. angulatus, Dianthus incertus | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Pinks |
| Dianthus barbatus | | Caryophyllaceae | Sweet William |
| Dianthus caryophyllus | | Caryophyllaceae | Carnation orange |
| Dianthus caryophyllus | | Caryophyllaceae | Carnation pink |
| Dianthus chinensis | Dianthus amurensis, Dianthus heddewigii, Dianthus laciniatus | Caryophyllaceae | China Pink |
| Diapensia himalaica | Diapensia acutifolia | Diapensiaceae | Himalayan Pincushion Plant |
| Dicentra macrocapnos | Dactylicapnos macrocapnos | Papaveraceae | Yellow Bleeding Heart |
| Dichanthium annulatum | Dichanthium papillosum, Andropogon annulatus | Poaceae | Sheda Grass |
| Dichapetalum gelonioides | Chailletia gelonioides, Chailletia gelonioides, Dichapetalum kerrii | Dichapetalaceae | Gelonium Poison-Leaf |
| Dichrostachys cinerea | Cailliea glomerata, Dichrostachys glomerata, Mimosa cinerea | Mimosaceae | Sickle Bush |
| Dicliptera bupleuroides | Dicliptera roxburghii, Dicliptera roxburghiana var. bupleuroides | Acanthaceae | Roxburgh's Foldwing |
| Dicliptera chinensis | Dicliptera roxburghiana, Justicia chinensis | Acanthaceae | Chinese Foldwing |
| Dicliptera foetida | Dicliptera zeylanica, Dicliptera bivalvis, Justicia foetida | Acanthaceae | Stinking Foldwing |
| Dicliptera nasikensis | | Acanthaceae | Nasik Foldwing |
| Dicliptera paniculata | Dianthera paniculata, Peristrophe paniculata | Acanthaceae | Panicled Foldwing |
| Didymocarpus pedicellatus | Didymocarpus pedicellata | Gesneriaceae | Stone Flower |
| Didymocarpus primulifolius | Henckelia primulifolia | Gesneriaceae | Primrose-Leaved Stone Flower |
| Didymoplexis pallens | Apetalon minutum, Cheirostylis kanarensis | Orchidaceae | Crystal Bells |
| Dieffenbachia amoena | | Araceae | Dumb Cane |
| Dietes grandiflora | | Iridaceae | Wild Iris |
| Digera muricata | Digera arvensis, Achyranthes muricata | Amaranthaceae | False Amaranth |
| Digitalis ferruginea | | Plantaginaceae | Rusty Foxglove |
| Digitalis grandiflora | Digitalis flava, Digitalis ambigua, Digitalis orientalis | Plantaginaceae | Large Yellow Foxglove |
| Digitalis minor | Digitalis purpurea f. albiflora | Plantaginaceae | White Flowered Foxglove |
| Digitalis purpurea | | Plantaginaceae | Foxglove |
| Digitaria ciliaris | Panicum ciliare, Digitaria adscendens, Syntherisma ciliare | Poaceae | Wild Crabgrass |
| Dillenia indica | | Dilleniaceae | Elephant Apple |
| Dillenia pentagyna | Dillenia floribunda, Dillenia hainanensis | Dilleniaceae | Karmal |
| Dillenia suffruticosa | Wormia suffruticosa | Dilleniaceae | Shrubby Dillenia |
| Dimocarpus longan | Euphoria longana, Nephelium longana | Sapindaceae | Dragon's Eyes |
| Dimorphocalyx glabellus var. lawianus | Dimorphocalyx lawianus, Trigonostemon lawianus | Euphorbiaceae | Jodpakli |
| Dimorphotheca pluvialis | | Asteraceae | African Daisy white |
| Dimorphotheca sinuata | | Asteraceae | African Daisy orange |
| Dimorphotheca sinuata | | Asteraceae | African Daisy yellow |
| Dinetus racemosus | Porana racemosa, Porana malabarica | Convolvulaceae | Snow Creeper |
| Dioscorea belophylla | Dioscorea glabra | Dioscoreaceae | Spear-Leaved Yam |
| Dioscorea bulbifera | | Dioscoreaceae | Air Yam |
| Dioscorea deltoidea | Tamus nepalensis, Dioscorea nepalensis | Dioscoreaceae | Nepal Yam |
| Dioscorea kamoonensis | Dioscorea subfusca | Dioscoreaceae | Kumaon Yam |
| Dioscorea oppositifolia | Dioscorea opposita | Dioscoreaceae | Cinnamon Vine |
| Dioscorea pentaphylla | Dioscorea triphylla | Dioscoreaceae | Five Leaf Yam |
| Dioscorea villosa | Dioscorea glauca, Dioscorea hirticaulis, Dioscorea quaternata | Dioscoreaceae | Wild Yam |
| Diospyros angustifolia | Diospyros nigrescens, Maba nigrescens | Ebenaceae | Narrow-Leaved Ebony |
| Diospyros ebenum | Diospyros ebenaster, Diospyros assimilis, Diospyros timoriana | Ebenaceae | Indian Ebony |
| Diospyros malabarica | Garcinia malabarica, Diospyros peregrina | Ebenaceae | Gaub |
| Diospyros melanoxylon | Diospyros tupru, Diospyros dubia, Diospyros wightiana | Ebenaceae | Coromandel Ebony |
| Diospyros montana | Diospyros cordifolia, Diospyros montana var. cordifolia | Ebenaceae | Bistendu |
| Diospyros paniculata | | Ebenaceae | Panicled Ebony |
| Diospyros philippinensis | | Ebenaceae | Mabolo |
| Dipcadi concanense | Ornithogalum concanense, Uropetalon concanense | Asparagaceae | Konkan Dipcadi |
| Dipcadi montanum | | Asparagaceae | Dipcadi |
| Diphylax griffithii | Habenaria decipiens, Habenaria griffithii | Orchidaceae | Griffith's Habenaria |
| Diphylax urceolata | Habenaria urceolata | Orchidaceae | Pitcher Diphylax |
| Diploclisia glaucescens | Cocculus glaucescens, Cocculus macrocarpus | Menispermaceae | Glaucous Diploclisia |
| Diplocyclos palmatus | Bryonia palmata, Zehneria erythrocarpa, Bryonopsis laciniosa | Cucurbitaceae | Lollipop Climber |
| Diploknema butyracea | Bassia butyracea, Aesandra butyracea, Madhuca butyracea | Sapotaceae | Indian Butter Tree |
| Dipsacus inermis | Dipsacus asper | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Teasel |
| Dipterocarpus retusus | Dipterocarpus macrocarpus, Dipterocarpus trinervis, Dipterocarpus pubescens | Dipterocarpaceae | Rusty Leaf Garjan |
| Dipterocarpus turbinatus | Dipterocarpus jourdainii | Dipterocarpaceae | Garjan |
| Discospermum apiocarpum | Diplospora apiocarpa, Tricalysia apiocarpa | Rubiaceae | Pear-Fruited Discospermum |
| Disporum cantoniense | | Asparagaceae | Chinese Fairy Bells |
| Dissotis rotundifolia | | Melastomataceae | Spanish Shawl |
| Dodonaea viscosa | | Sapindaceae | Hop Bush |
| Dolichandra unguis-cati | Macfadyena unguis-cati, Bignonia unguis-cati, Doxantha unguis-cati | Bignoniaceae | Cat's Claw |
| Dolichandrone atrovirens | Bignonia atrovirens, Bignonia crispa, Spathodea atrovirens | Bignoniaceae | Wavy Trumpet Flower |
| Dolichandrone falcata | Spathodea falcata | Bignoniaceae | Medhshingi |
| Dolomiaea macrocephala | Carduus nepalensis, Jurinea dolomiaea, Jurinella macrocephala | Asteraceae | Himalayan Dolomiaea |
| Dombeya pulchra | | Malvaceae | Silver Dombeya |
| Dombeya spectabilis | Assonia spectabilis | Malvaceae | Dombeya |
| Dombeya wallichii | Astrapaea wallichii | Malvaceae | Pink Ball Dombeya |
| Dopatrium lobelioides | Gratiola hyssopioides, Gratiola lobelioides | Plantaginaceae | Lobelia Dopatrium |
| Dorotheanthus bellidiformis | Mesembryanthemum criniflorum | Aizoaceae | Ice Plant |
| Draba oreades | Draba alpicola, Draba rockii, Draba tianschanica | Brassicaceae | Mountain Whitlow Grass |
| Dracaena fragrans | Aletris fragrans | Agavaceae | Corn Plant |
| Dracaena terniflora | Pleomele terniflora | Agavaceae | Dwarf Dracaena |
| Dracocephalum heterophyllum | | Lamiaceae | White Dragonhead |
| Dracocephalum moldavica | | Lamiaceae | Moldavian Dragonhead |
| Dracocephalum wallichii | | Lamiaceae | Wallich's Dragonhead |
| Dregea volubilis | Asclepias volubilis, Dregea formosana, Wattakaka volubilis | Asclepiadaceae | Sneeze Wort |
| Drosera burmannii | Drosera burmanni | Droseraceae | Burmann's Sundew |
| Drosera indica | | Droseraceae | Flycatcher |
| Drosera peltata | | Droseraceae | Shield Sundew |
| Drymaria cordata | Stellaria adenophora, Drymaria procumbens, Alsine rotundifolia | Caryophyllaceae | Tropical Chickweed |
| Duabanga grandiflora | Duabanga sonneratioides | Lythraceae | Duabanga |
| Dubyaea hispida | | Asteraceae | Bristly Dubyaea |
| Duchesnea indica | Potentilla indica, Fragaria indica | Rosaceae | Indian Strawberry |
| Duranta erecta 'Alba' | | Verbenaceae | White Sky Flower |
| Duranta erecta | Duranta repens, Duranta spinosa, Duranta plumieri | Verbenaceae | Sky Flower |
| Duranta erecta 'Variegata' | | Verbenaceae | Variegated Sky Flower |
| Dypsis lutescens | | Arecaceae | Golden Cane Palm |
| Dyschoriste erecta | Dyschoriste nagchana, Dipteracanthus nagchana, Dyschoriste depressa | Acanthaceae | Erect Snakeherb |
| Dyschoriste vagans | Calophanes vagans, Dipteracanthus vagans | Acanthaceae | Wandering Snakeherb |
| Dysphania ambrosioides | Chenopodium ambrosioides | Chenopodiaceae | Mexican Tea |
| Ecbolium ligustrinum | Ecbolium viride | Acanthaceae | Green Shrimp Plant |
| Ecbolium linneanum | Justicia ecbolia | Acanthaceae | Blue Fox Tail |
| Echeveria elegans | Oliverella elegans, Echeveria perelegans, Echeveria tinctoria | Crassulaceae | Mexican Snowball |
| Echinochloa colona | | Poaceae | Jungle Rice |
| Echinochloa crus-galli | Panicum crus-galli | Poaceae | Barnyard Grass |
| Echinodorus palaefolius | Sagittaria palaefolia | Alismataceae | Mexican Sword-Plant |
| Echinops cornigerus | Echinops coriarius, Echinops polygraphus | Asteraceae | Blue Globe Thistle |
| Echinops echinatus | | Asteraceae | Indian Globe Thistle |
| Echinopsis oxygona | | Cactaceae | Easter Lily Cactus |
| Echinopsis spp. | | Cactaceae | Sea Urchin Cactus |
| Echinops niveus | | Asteraceae | Snow-White Globe Thistle |
| Echium plantagineum | Echium orientale, Echium lycopsis, Echium violaceum | Boraginaceae | Purple Viper's Bugloss |
| Eclipta prostrata | Eclipta erecta, Eclipta alba, Eclipta punctata, Verbesina prostrata | Asteraceae | False Daisy |
| Edgeworthia gardneri | Daphne gardneri | Thymelaeaceae | Nepalese Paper Bush |
| Ehretia acuminata | Ehretia serrata, Cordia thyrsiflora, Ehretia ovalifolia | Boraginaceae | Koda Tree |
| Ehretia laevis | | Boraginaceae | Chamror |
| Ehretia microphylla | Carmona retusa | Boraginaceae | Fukien Tea |
| Eichornia crassipes | | Pontederiaceae | Water Hyacinth |
| Elaeagnus conferta | Elaeagnus latifolia | Elaeagnaceae | Wild Olive |
| Elaeagnus rhamnoides | Hippophae rhamnoides, Hippophaes rhamnoideum | Elaeagnaceae | Leh Berry |
| Elaeis guineensis | Elaeis melanococca, Elaeis madagascariensis | Arecaceae | African Oil Palm |
| Elaeocarpus angustifolius | Elaeocarpus grandis, Elaeocarpus dolichopetalus, Elaeocarpus crenatus | Elaeocarpaceae | Blue Marble Tree |
| Elaeocarpus floribundus | | Elaeocarpaceae | Indian Olive |
| Elaeocarpus variabilis | Elaeocarpus glandulosus, Elaeocarpus oblongus | Elaeocarpaceae | South Indian Marble Tree |
| Elaeodendron glaucum | Cassine glauca, Mangifera glauca | Celastraceae | Ceylon Tea |
| Elaeodendron orientale | Cassine orientalis | Celastraceae | False Olive |
| Elatostema lineolatum | Elatostema tumidulum | Urticaceae | Lined Elatostema |
| Elephantopus scaber | | Asteraceae | Elephant Foot |
| Elettaria cardamomum | | Zingiberaceae | Cardamom |
| Eleusine coracana | Cynosurus coracanus, Eleusine africana, Eleusine tocussa | Poaceae | Finger Millet |
| Eleusine indica | Cynosurus indicus, Eleusine japonica | Poaceae | Indian Crowfoot Grass |
| Elsholtzia blanda | Aphanochilus blandus, Perilla elata | Lamiaceae | Lomba |
| Elsholtzia ciliata | Sideritis ciliata, Elsholtzia cristata, Elsholtzia patrinii | Lamiaceae | Crested Late-Summer Mint |
| Elsholtzia eriostachya | Elsholtzia pusilla, Elsholtzia hoffmeisteri, Aphanochilus eriostachyus | Lamiaceae | Fuzzy Himalayan Mint |
| Elsholtzia fruticosa | | Lamiaceae | Shrubby Mint |
| Elytranthe albida | Loranthus albidus, Elytranthe henryi | Loranthaceae | Pale Bark Mistletoe |
| Elytraria acaulis | | Acanthaceae | Asian Scalystem |
| Embelia arunachalensis | | Myrsinaceae | Arunachal Embelia |
| Embelia tsjeriam-cottam | Embelia basaal, Embelia robusta | Myrsinaceae | Malabar Embelia |
| Emilia sonchifolia | Emilia javanica | Asteraceae | Purple Sow Thistle |
| Engelhardtia spicata | Engelhardtia aceriflora, Gyrocarpus pendulus | Juglandaceae | Mauwa |
| Enicostema axillare | | Gentianaceae | Indian Whitehead |
| Enkianthus deflexus | Enkianthus himalaicus, Rhodora deflexa | Ericaceae | Himalayan Red Bells |
| Ensete glaucum | Musa nepalensis | Musaceae | Snow Banana |
| Ensete superbum | Musa superba | Musaceae | Rock Banana |
| Entada rheedei | Entada rheedii, Entada pursaetha | Mimosaceae | Sea Bean |
| Enterolobium contortisiliquum | Enterolobium glaucescens, Mimosa contortisiliqua | Mimosaceae | Earpod Tree |
| Ephedra gerardiana | | Ephedraceae | Somlata |
| Epidendrum radicans | Epidendrum pratense, Epidendrum rhizophorum | Orchidaceae | Red Crucifix Orchid |
| Epilobium angustifolium | Chamerion angustifolium, Chamaenerion denticulatum, Epilobium gracile | Onagraceae | Fireweed |
| Epilobium coloratum | | Onagraceae | Purpleleaf Willowherb |
| Epilobium hirsutum | Chamaenerion hirsutum, Epilobium hirsutum var. laetum | Onagraceae | Hairy Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium latifolium | | Onagraceae | River Beauty |
| Epilobium laxum | | Onagraceae | Lax Willowherb |
| Epilobium parviflorum | Chamaenerion parviflorum, Epilobium molle, Epilobium villosum | Onagraceae | Small-Flowered Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium royleanum | Epilobium himalayense, Epilobium lividum, Epilobium roseum var. indicum | Onagraceae | Royle's Willow-Herb |
| Epilobium tibetanum | | Onagraceae | Tibetan Willow-Herb |
| Epipactis helleborine | Epipactis latifolia, Helleborine macrostachya, Serapias helleborine | Orchidaceae | Broad Leaved Helleborine |
| Epipactis veratrifolia | Epipactis consimilis, Epipactis wallichii, Helleborine veratrifolia | Orchidaceae | Eastern Marsh Helleborine |
| Epiphyllum hybrid | | Cactaceae | Orchid Cactus pink |
| Epiphyllum oxypetalum | | Cactaceae | Orchid Cactus |
| Episcia cupreata | Achimenes cupreata | Gesneriaceae | Flame Violet |
| Eragrostis cilianensis | Eragrostis cilianensis, Poa cilianesis | Poaceae | Grey Lovegrass |
| Eragrostis unioloides | Poa unioloides, Eragrostis amabilis | Poaceae | Chinese Lovegrass |
| Eranthemum pulchellum | Eranthemum nervosum, Justicia nervosa, Daedalacanthus nervosus | Acanthaceae | Blue Sage |
| Eranthemum purpurascens | Daedalacanthus purpurascens | Acanthaceae | Purple Eranthemum |
| Eranthemum roseum | | Acanthaceae | Rosy Eranthemum |
| Eremurus himalaicus | | Asphodelaceae | Himalayan Desert Candle |
| Eria alba | Octomeria alba, Pinalia leucantha | Orchidaceae | White Eria |
| Eria stricta | Mycaranthes stricta | Orchidaceae | Erect Eria |
| Erigeron annuus | Aster annuus, Erigeron heterophyllus | Asteraceae | Annual Fleabane |
| Erigeron bellidioides | Aster bellidioides | Asteraceae | Daisy Fleabane |
| Erigeron karvinskianus | Erigeron mucronatus | Asteraceae | Mexican Fleabane |
| Erigeron multiradiatus | | Asteraceae | Himalayan Fleabane |
| Erigeron poncinsii | Aster poncinsii, Psychrogeton andryaloides, Psychrogeton poncinsii | Asteraceae | Ladakh Fleabane |
| Erinocarpus nimmonii | Erinocarpus nimmoanus | Tiliaceae | Jangli Bhendi |
| Eriobotrya elliptica | Mespilus cuila | Rosaceae | Nepal Loquat |
| Eriobotrya japonica | | Rosaceae | Loquat |
| Eriocaulon epedunculatum | | Eriocaulaceae | Stalkless Piperwort |
| Eriocaulon heterolepis | | Eriocaulaceae | Buttonhead Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon sedgwickii | | Eriocaulaceae | Spherical Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon sharmae | | Eriocaulaceae | Sharma's Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon stellulatum | | Eriocaulaceae | Starry Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon tuberiferum | | Eriocaulaceae | Tuberous Pipewort |
| Eriocaulon xeranthemum | | Eriocaulaceae | Dry-Flower Pipewort |
| Eriolaena quinquelocularis | Microchlaena quinquelocularis | Sterculiaceae | Bothi |
| Eriophorum comosum | Trichophorum comosum, Scirpus comosus, Erioscirpus comosus | Cyperaceae | Hairy Cottongrass |
| Eritrichium canum | Eritrichium strictum, Echinospermum canum | Boraginaceae | Fairy Forget-Me-Not |
| Erodium cicutarium | Geranium cicutarium | Geraniaceae | Common Storksbill |
| Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa | Eruca sativa, Brassica eruca, Brassica erucoides | Brassicaceae | Rocket Salad |
| Eryngium billardieri | | Apiaceae | Billardiere's Eryngo |
| Eryngium foetidum | | Apiaceae | Long Coriander |
| Erysimum cheiri | Cheiranthus cheiri | Brassicaceae | English Wallflower |
| Erysimum hieraciifolium | | Brassicaceae | European Wallflower |
| Erysimum melicentae | | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Wallflower |
| Erythrina blakei | | Fabaceae | Blake's Coral Tree |
| Erythrina crista-galli | | Fabaceae | Cockspur Coral Tree |
| Erythrina mitis | Erythrina umbrosa, Corallodendron umbrosum, Chirocalyx umbrosus | Fabaceae | Shady Coral Tree |
| Erythrina stricta var. suberosa | | Fabaceae | Corky Coral Tree |
| Erythrina variegata | Erythrina indica, Erythrina mysorensis, Erythrina orientalis | Fabaceae | Indian Coral Tree |
| Erythrina x bidwillii | | Fabaceae | Coral Bean Tree |
| Erythroxylum monogynum | Erythroxylon monogynum | Erythroxylaceae | Red Cedar |
| Eschscholzia caespitosa | | Papaveraceae | Dwarf California Poppy |
| Eschscholzia californica | | Papaveraceae | California Poppy |
| Escobaria missouriensis | | Cactaceae | Yellow Pincushion Cactus |
| Escobaria vivipara | | Cactaceae | Pincushion Cactus |
| Esmeralda cathcartii | Arachnanthe cathcartii, Arachnis cathcartii, Vanda cathcartii | Orchidaceae | Cathcart's Esmeralda |
| Etlingera elatior | Alpinia elatior, Nicolaia elatior, Phaeomeria magnifica, Phaeomeria speciosa | Zingiberaceae | Torch Ginger |
| Eucalyptus deglupta | | Myrtaceae | Rainbow Eucalyptus |
| Eucalyptus microtheca | | Myrtaceae | Coolabah |
| Eucalyptus tereticornis | | Myrtaceae | Forest Red Gum |
| Eucharis grandiflora | | Amaryllidaceae | Amazon Lily |
| Eugenia phillyraeoides | Syzygium phillyraeoides, Eugenia mooniana var. gracilis | Myrtaceae | Ceylon Plum |
| Eugenia roxburghii | Eugenia macrosepala, Syzygium bracteatum, Myrtus bracteata | Myrtaceae | Roxburgh's Cherry |
| Eugenia uniflora | | Myrtaceae | Surinam Cherry |
| Eulophia flava | Cyrtopera flava, Cyrtopodium flavum, Graphorkis flava | Orchidaceae | Yellow Eulophia |
| Eulophia graminea | | Orchidaceae | Grass Eulophia |
| Eulophia herbacea | Eulophia albiflora, Eulophia vera, Eulophia brachypetala | Orchidaceae | Herbaceous Eulophia |
| Eulophia ochreata | Graphorkis ochreata | Orchidaceae | Golden-Yellow Eulophia |
| Eulophia spectabilis | | Orchidaceae | Spectacular Eulophia |
| Euonymus echinatus | Euonymus scandens, Euonymus cinereus, Euonymus trichocarpus | Celastraceae | Climbing Spindle Bush |
| Euonymus hamiltonianus | | Celastraceae | Himalayan Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus japonicus | | Celastraceae | Japanese Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus lucidus | Euonymus pendulus | Celastraceae | Frilly Flower Spindle Tree |
| Euonymus tingens | | Celastraceae | Purple-Veined Spindle Tree |
| Eupatorium birmanicum | | Asteraceae | Burma Agrimony |
| Euphorbia actinoclada | | Euphorbiaceae | Spreading Branch Spurge |
| Euphorbia caducifolia | | Euphorbiaceae | Leafless Milk Hedge |
| Euphorbia concanensis | Chamaesyce concanensis | Euphorbiaceae | Konkan Spurge |
| Euphorbia cooperi | | Euphorbiaceae | Lesser Candelabra Tree |
| Euphorbia cornigera | Euphorbia pilosa var. cornigera | Euphorbiaceae | Horned Spurge |
| Euphorbia cotinifolia | | Euphorbiaceae | Caribbean Copper Plant |
| Euphorbia cristata | | Euphorbiaceae | Candelabra Spurge |
| Euphorbia cyathophora | Poinsettia cyathophora | Euphorbiaceae | Painted Leaf Poinsettia |
| Euphorbia decaryi | | Euphorbiaceae | Wrinkled Leaf Spurge |
| Euphorbia dracunculoides | Euphorbia lanceolata, Tithymalus dracunculoides | Euphorbiaceae | Dragon Spurge |
| Euphorbia helioscopia | | Euphorbiaceae | Sun Spurge |
| Euphorbia heterophylla | Euphorbia geniculata, Euphorbia prunifolia, Poinsettia heterophylla | Euphorbiaceae | Wild Poinsettia |
| Euphorbia hirta | | Euphorbiaceae | Asthma Weed |
| Euphorbia hispida | Euphorbia emodi, Chamaesyce emodi, Chamaesyce hispida | Euphorbiaceae | Bristly Spurge |
| Euphorbia laeta | Euphorbia rothiana | Euphorbiaceae | Common Hill Spurge |
| Euphorbia lathyris | Euphorbia lathyrus | Euphorbiaceae | Caper Spurge |
| Euphorbia leucocephala | | Euphorbiaceae | Snow Bush |
| Euphorbia milii lutea | | Euphorbiaceae | Yellow Crown of Thorns |
| Euphorbia milii splendens | | Euphorbiaceae | Orchid Crown of Thorns |
| Euphorbia milli | | Euphorbiaceae | Crown of Thorns |
| Euphorbia neriifolia | | Euphorbiaceae | Indian Spurge Tree |
| Euphorbia nivulia | Euphorbia neriifolia | Euphorbiaceae | Leafy Milk Hedge |
| Euphorbia notoptera | | Euphorbiaceae | Winged Seed Spurge |
| Euphorbia peplus | | Euphorbiaceae | Radium Weed |
| Euphorbia prostrata | | Euphorbiaceae | Prostrate Sandmat |
| Euphorbia pulcherrima | | Euphorbiaceae | Poinsettia |
| Euphorbia rosea | Chamaesyce rosea | Euphorbiaceae | Rosy Spurge |
| Euphorbia royleana | | Euphorbiaceae | Danda Thor |
| Euphorbia serpens | Euphorbia bombaiensis, Euphorbia orbiculata var. jawaharii | Euphorbiaceae | Matted Sandmat |
| Euphorbia sikkimensis | | Euphorbiaceae | Sikkim Spurge |
| Euphorbia spp. | | Euphorbiaceae | Crown of Thorns red-green |
| Euphorbia stracheyi | Euphorbia himalayensis, Tithymalus himalayensis | Euphorbiaceae | Himalayan Prostrate Spurge |
| Euphorbia tibetica | Tithymalus tibeticus, Galarhoeus tibeticus | Euphorbiaceae | Tibetan Spurge |
| Euphorbia viguieri | | Euphorbiaceae | Viguier's Spurge |
| Euphorbia wallichii | | Euphorbiaceae | Wallich Spurge |
| Euphrasia himalayica | | Orobanchaceae | Eyebright |
| Euphrasia pectinata | Euphrasia tatarica, Euphrasia imbricata, Euphrasia kurdica | Orobanchaceae | Large-Bract Eyebright |
| Euryale ferox | | Nymphaeaceae | Prickly Waterlily |
| Euryops chrysanthemoides | Gamolepis chrysanthemoides | Asteraceae | African Bush Daisy |
| Eustoma grandiflorum | Lisianthus russellianus, Bilamista grandiflora | Gentianaceae | Tulip Gentian |
| Evolvulus alsinoides | Convolvulus alsinoides | Convolvulaceae | Dwarf Morning Glory |
| Evolvulus glomeratus 'Blue Daze' | | Convolvulaceae | Blue Daze |
| Evolvulus nummularius | Convolvulus nummularius, Volvulopsis nummularium | Convolvulaceae | Roundleaf Bindweed |
| Exacum lawii | | Gentianaceae | Law's Persian Violet |
| Exacum pedunculatum | | Gentianaceae | Stalked Persian Violet |
| Exacum pumilum | | Gentianaceae | Little Persian Violet |
| Exacum tetragonum | Exacum tetragonum var. stylosa, Exacum perottetii, Exacum bicolor | Gentianaceae | Bicolor Persian Violet |
| Exacum wightianum | | Gentianaceae | Wight's Persian Violet |
| Exbucklandia populnea | Bucklandia populnea, Bucklandia tricuspis, Symingtonia populnea | Hamamelidaceae | Pipli Tree |
| Excoecaria agallocha | | Euphorbiaceae | Blinding Tree |
| Fagopyrum dibotrys | Polygonum dibotrys, Fagopyrum cymosum, Polygonum cymosum | Polygonaceae | Perennial Buckwheat |
| Fagopyrum esculentum | Fagopyrum sagittatum, Fagopyrum vulgare, Polygonum fagopyrum | Polygonaceae | Buckwheat |
| Fagraea racemosa | Fagraea maingayi, Fagraea morindaefolia, Fagraea subreticulata | Loganiaceae | False Coffee Tree |
| Fallopia dentatoalata | Polygonum dentatoalatum | Polygonaceae | Toothed-Wing Knotweed |
| Ferula jaeschkeana | Peucedanum jaeschkeanum, Ferula jaeschkeana var. parkeriana | Apiaceae | Wild Asafoetida |
| Ficus arnottiana | Urostigma arnottiana | Moraceae | Indian Rock Fig |
| Ficus auriculata | Ficus oligodon, Ficus roxburghii | Moraceae | Elephant Ear Fig |
| Ficus bengalensis | | Moraceae | Banyan Tree |
| Ficus benghalensis var. krishnae | Ficus krishnae | Moraceae | Krishna Fig |
| Ficus benjamina | | Moraceae | Weeping Fig |
| Ficus carica | | Moraceae | Anjeer |
| Ficus drupacea var. pubescens | Ficus mysorensis, Ficus mysorensis var. pubescens | Moraceae | Mysore Fig |
| Ficus elastica | Ficus cordata, Ficus decora | Moraceae | Rubber Tree |
| Ficus exasperata | Ficus asperrima, Ficus punctifera | Moraceae | Brahma's Banyan |
| Ficus hederacea | Ficus fructicosa | Moraceae | Ivy Fig |
| Ficus hispida | Ficus oppositifolia, Ficus compressa, Covellia hispida | Moraceae | Hairy Fig |
| Ficus lyrata | Ficus pandurata | Moraceae | Fiddle Leaf Fig |
| Ficus microcarpa | Ficus retusa, Ficus nitida | Moraceae | Laurel Fig |
| Ficus mollis | | Moraceae | Soft Fig |
| Ficus natalensis subsp. leprieurii | Ficus triangularis, Ficus leprieurii | Moraceae | Natal Fig |
| Ficus palmata | Ficus pseudocarica | Moraceae | Punjab Fig |
| Ficus pumila | | Moraceae | Climbing Fig |
| Ficus racemosa | Ficus glomerata, Ficus lucescens, Ficus racemosa var. elongata | Moraceae | Goolar |
| Ficus religiosa | | Moraceae | Peepal |
| Ficus semicordata | Covellia cunia, Ficus cunia, Ficus conglomerata | Moraceae | Drooping Fig |
| Ficus tinctoria | Ficus gibbosa, Ficus parasitica, Ficus swinhoei | Moraceae | Dye Fig |
| Ficus virens | Ficus infectoria | Moraceae | White Fig |
| Filago arvensis | Gnaphalium arvense, Oglifa arvensis | Asteraceae | Field Cudweed |
| Filago pyramidata | Filago spathulata, Gnaphalium pyramidatum | Asteraceae | Broad Leaved Cudweed |
| Filicium decipiens | | Sapindaceae | Fern Tree |
| Filipendula vestita | Spiraea vestita | Rosaceae | Himalayan Meadowsweet |
| Firmiana colorata | Erythropsis colorata, Sterculia colorata | Sterculiaceae | Scarlet Sterculia |
| Firmiana pallens | Erythropsis pallens, Sterculia pallens | Sterculiaceae | Pale Sterculia |
| Fittonia albivenis | Adelaster albivenis, Fittonia argyroneura, Gymnostachyum verschaffeltii | Acanthaceae | Nerve Plant |
| Flacourtia indica | Flacourtia parvifolia, Gmelina indica | Flacourtiaceae | Governor's Plum |
| Flacourtia jangomas | Stigmarota jangomas, Flacourtia cataphrata | Flacourtiaceae | Coffee Plum |
| Flacourtia latifolia | | Salicaceae | Broad-Leaved Coffee-Plum |
| Flacourtia montana | | Flacourtiaceae | Mountain Sweet Thorn |
| Flemingia gracilis | | Fabaceae | Slender Flemingia |
| Flemingia semialata | Moghania semialata, Flemingia congesta var. semialata | Fabaceae | Winged-Stalk Flemingia |
| Flemingia strobilifera | | Fabaceae | Wild Hops |
| Flickingeria hesperis | | Orchidaceae | Uttaranchal Flickingeria |
| Floscopa scandens | Tradescantia paniculata, Commelina hispida, Aneilema hispida | Commelinaceae | Climbing Flower Cup |
| Flueggea leucopyrus | Securinega leucopyrus, Phyllanthus leucopyrus | Phyllanthaceae | Bushweed |
| Foeniculum vulgare | | Apiaceae | Fennel |
| Forsythia suspensa | Ligustrum suspensum, Syringa suspensa | Oleaceae | Weeping Forsythia |
| Fouquieria splendens | | Fouquieriaceae | Ocotillo |
| Fragaria nubicola | Potentilla nubicola, Fragaria vesca var. nubicola | Rosaceae | Himalayan Strawberry |
| Fragaria vesca/ananassa | | Rosaceae | Strawberry |
| Fraxinus floribunda | Ornus urophylla, Ornus floribunda, Fraxinus urophylla | Oleaceae | Himalayan Ash |
| Freesia spp. | | Iridaceae | Freesia |
| Frerea indica | Caralluma frerea, Desmidorchis dalzellii | Asclepiadaceae | Indian Frerea |
| Fritillaria cirrhosa | | Liliaceae | Yellow Himalayan Fritillary |
| Fritillaria imperialis | | Liliaceae | Kaiser's Crown |
| Fritillaria roylei | | Liliaceae | Himalayan Fritillary |
| Fuchsia corymbiflora | | Onagraceae | Vine Fuchsia |
| Fuchsia spp. | | Onagraceae | Fuchsia |
| Fumaria indica | Fumaria parviflora var. indica, Fumaria vaillantii var. indica | Fumariaceae | Indian Fumitory |
| Furcraea foetida | Agave foetida, Aloe foetida, Furcraea gigantea | Agavaceae | Giant Cabuya |
| Gagea lutea | Ornithogalum luteum, Gagea indica, Gagea elegans | Liliaceae | Yellow Star of Bethlehem |
| Gaillardia 'Fanfare' | | Asteraceae | Gaillardia Fanfare |
| Gaillardia pulchella | | Asteraceae | Blanket Flower |
| Gaillardia pulchella | | Asteraceae | Gaillardia double |
| Galearis spathulata | Galeorchis spathulata, Orchis spathulata | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Galearis |
| Galinsoga parviflora | Tridax parviflora | Asteraceae | Quick Weed |
| Galium acutum | | Rubiaceae | Tiny Bedstraw |
| Galium aparine | Galium uncinatum, Galium pseudoaparine, Aparine vulgaris | Rubiaceae | Goose Grass |
| Galium asperifolium | | Rubiaceae | Rough-Leaved Clivers |
| Galium asperuloides | Asperula consanguinea | Rubiaceae | Rough Goose Grass |
| Galium elegans | Galium hamiltonii, Galium vestitum, Galium requienianum | Rubiaceae | Elegant Goose Grass |
| Galium spurium subsp. ibicinum | Galium ibicinum, Galium linczevskyi | Rubiaceae | West-Asian Galium |
| Galphimia glauca | | Malpighiaceae | Slender Goldshower |
| Gamochaeta pensylvanica | Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gnaphalium peregrinum | Asteraceae | Pennsylvania Cudweed |
| Garcinia indica | Brindonia indica | Clusiaceae | Kokam |
| Garcinia livingstonei | Garcinia affinis, Garcinia pendula, Garcinia angolensis | Clusiaceae | African Mangosteen |
| Garcinia talbotii | Garcinia malabarica, Garcinia ovalifolia var. macrantha | Clusiaceae | Talbot Garcinia |
| Garcinia xanthochymus | Garcinia pictoria, Garcinia tinctoria | Clusiaceae | Mysore Gamboge |
| Gardenia carinata | | Rubiaceae | Golden Gardenia |
| Gardenia gummifera | | Rubiaceae | Gummy Gardenia |
| Gardenia jasminoides | Gardenia augusta | Rubiaceae | Gardenia |
| Gardenia latifolia | | Rubiaceae | Indian Boxwood |
| Gardenia resinifera | Gardenia lucida | Rubiaceae | Brilliant Gardenia |
| Garuga pinnata | | Burseraceae | Garuga |
| Gasteria bicolor | | Asphodelaceae | Gasteria |
| Gastrochilus distichus | Saccolabium distichum | Orchidaceae | Distichous Gastrochilus |
| Gastrochilus inconspicuus | Saccolabium inconspicuum, Luisia inconspicua, Luisiopsis inconspicua | Orchidaceae | Tiny Gastrochilus |
| Gaultheria fragrantissima | | Ericaceae | Fragrant Wintergreen |
| Gaultheria trichophylla | Gaultheria nana, Brossaea trichophylla | Ericaceae | Himalayan Snowberry |
| Gazania rigens | | Asteraceae | Gazania |
| Geijera parviflora | | Rutaceae | Australian Willow |
| Geissaspis cristata | Zornia disperma | Fabaceae | Eyelashes Shell Beans |
| Geissaspis cristata var. tenella | Geissaspis tenella | Fabaceae | Tender Eyelashes Shell Beans |
| Gentiana argentea | Gentianodes argentea, Ericala argentea | Gentianaceae | Silvery Gentian |
| Gentiana capitata | Ciminalis capitata, Gentiana andersonii, Gentiana baconi | Gentianaceae | Clustered Gentian |
| Gentiana carinata | | Gentianaceae | Dark Blue Gentian |
| Gentiana hugelii | Qaisera hugelii, Gentiana marginata var. hugelii | Gentianaceae | Hugel's Gentian |
| Gentiana kurroo | | Gentianaceae | Himalayan Gentian |
| Gentiana leucomelaena | Gentiana leucomelaena var. pusilla, Gentiana leucomelaena var. alba | Gentianaceae | Blue-Dotted Gentian |
| Gentiana marginata | | Gentianaceae | Clustered Summer Gentian |
| Gentiana ornata | Gentianodes ornata, Pneumonanthe ornata | Gentianaceae | Decorated Gentian |
| Gentiana pedicellata | Ericala pedicellata, Gentiana pedicellata var. wallichii | Gentianaceae | Purple Stalked Gentian |
| Gentiana sino-ornata | | Gentianaceae | Chinese Gentian |
| Gentiana squarrosa | Ciminalis squarrosa, Ericala squarrosa | Gentianaceae | Overlapping-Leaves Gentian |
| Gentiana stylophora | Megacodon stylophorus | Gentianaceae | Yellow Gentian Lily |
| Gentiana tianschanica | Gentiana regelii, Gentianodes tianschanica | Gentianaceae | Tian-Shan Gentian |
| Gentiana urnula | | Gentianaceae | Urn-shaped Gentian |
| Gentianopsis paludosa | Gentiana detonsa var. stracheyi, Gentiana duthiei, Gentiana stracheyi | Gentianaceae | Swamp Gentian |
| Geodorum densiflorum | | Orchidaceae | Nodding Swamp Orchid |
| Geranium collinum | Geranium longipedatum, Geranium wakhanicum, Geranium humifusum | Geraniaceae | Hill Geranium |
| Geranium donianum | | Geraniaceae | Don's Geranium |
| Geranium himalayense | | Geraniaceae | Himalayan Geranium |
| Geranium lucidum | Geranium laevigatum | Geraniaceae | Shining Geranium |
| Geranium mascatense | Geranium ocellatum, Geranium choorense, Geranium ocellatum var. himalaicum | Geraniaceae | Black Eyed Geranium |
| Geranium molle | Geranium stipulare, Geranium argenteum | Geraniaceae | Dovesfoot Geranium |
| Geranium nepalense | Geranium pallidum, Geranium patens, Geranium radicans | Geraniaceae | Nepal Geranium |
| Geranium polyanthes | | Geraniaceae | Many-Flower Geranium |
| Geranium pratense | | Geraniaceae | Meadow Cranesbill |
| Geranium procurrens | | Geraniaceae | Trailing Geranium |
| Geranium pusillum | | Geraniaceae | Small Geranium |
| Geranium robertianum | Geranium graveolens, Geranium lindleyanum, Geranium palmatisectum | Geraniaceae | Herb Robert |
| Geranium rotundifolium | | Geraniaceae | Roundleaf Geranium |
| Geranium wallichianum 'Buxton Blue' | | Geraniaceae | Geranium Buxton Blue |
| Geranium wallichianum | | Geraniaceae | Wallich Geranium |
| Gerascanthus gharaf | Cordia gharaf | Boraginaceae | Gondni |
| Gerbera gossypina | | Asteraceae | Hairy Gerbera Daisy |
| Gerbera Jamesonii | | Asteraceae | Gerbera Daisy |
| Geum roylei | | Rosaceae | Royle's Avens |
| Geum sikkimense | Acomastylis sikkimensis | Rosaceae | Sikkim Avens |
| Ginkgo biloba | | Ginkgoaceae | Ginkgo |
| Girardinia diversifolia | Girardiana platyphylla, Girardinia heterophylla , Urtica heterophylla | Urticaceae | Bichchhoo |
| Givotia moluccana | Croton moluccanus, Givotia rottleriformis | Euphorbiaceae | White Catamaran Tree |
| Gladiolus dalenii/natalensis | | Iridaceae | Gladiolus |
| Glandularia pulchella | Verbena pulchella, Verbena tenuisecta | Verbenaceae | Moss Verbena |
| Gleditsia triacanthos | | Caesalpiniaceae | Honey Locust |
| Glinus lotoides | Mollugo lotoides, Mollugo hirta | Molluginaceae | Lotus Sweetjuice |
| Glinus oppositifolius | Mollugo oppositifolia, Mollugo spergula | Molluginaceae | Jima |
| Gliricidia sepium | Gliricidia maculata | Fabaceae | Mexican Lilac |
| Globba andersonii | | Zingiberaceae | Yellow Swan Flower |
| Globba schomburgkii | | Zingiberaceae | Dancing Girl Ginger |
| Glochidion ellipticum | | Euphorbiaceae | Bhoma |
| Glochidion heyneanum | Glochidion velutinum, Phyllanthus nepalensis | Euphorbiaceae | Velvety Melon Featherfoil |
| Gloriosa superba | Gloriosa rothschildiana, Gloriosa speciosa, Gloriosa simplex | Liliaceae | Glory Lily |
| Glossocardia bosvallia | Verbesina bosvallia | Asteraceae | Patthar Suva |
| Glycosmis mauritiana | Limonia mauritiana, Glycosmis pentaphylla, Limonia pentaphylla | Rutaceae | Orangeberry |
| Glycosmis pentaphylla | Glycosmis arborea | Rutaceae | Ban Nimbu |
| Glycyrrhiza glabra | | Fabaceae | Licorice |
| Glyptopetalum calocarpum | Euonymus calocarpus | Celastraceae | Andaman Spindle Bush |
| Gmelina arborea | | Verbenaceae | Gamhar |
| Gmelina asiatica | Gmelina parvifolia | Verbenaceae | Asian Bushbeech |
| Gmelina philippensis | Gmelina hystrix | Verbenaceae | Parrot's Beak |
| Gnaphalium affine | | Asteraceae | Cotton Weed |
| Gnaphalium polycaulon | Gnaphalium floccosum, Gnaphalium gracillimum | Asteraceae | Many-Stemmed Cudweed |
| Gnetum scandens | | Gnetaceae | Joint Fir |
| Gnidia glauca | | Thymelaeaceae | Fish Poison Bush |
| Gochnatia spectabilis | Leucomeris macrophylla | Asteraceae | Spectacular Gochnatia |
| Gomphrena globosa | | Amaranthaceae | Gomphrena |
| Gomphrena serrata | Gomphrena celosioides, Gomphrena decumbens | Amaranthaceae | Prostrate Gomphrena |
| Gonatanthus pumilus | Caladium pumilum, Gonatanthus sarmentosus | Araceae | Dwarf Gonatanthus |
| Goniothalamus cardiopetalus | Polyalthia cardiopetala | Annonaceae | Ghat Goniothalamus |
| Goodyera fusca | Orchiodes fuscum, Hetaeria fusca, Epipactis fusca | Orchidaceae | Dusky Goodyera |
| Goodyera hemsleyana | Epipactis hemsleyana | Orchidaceae | Hemsley Jewel Orchid |
| Goodyera procera | Epipactis procera, Leucostachys procera | Orchidaceae | Slim Goodyera |
| Goodyera repens | Satyrium repens, Epipactis repens, Orchis repens | Orchidaceae | Dwarf Rattlesnake Plantain |
| Gordonia obtusa | Gordonia obtusifolia | Theaceae | Konkan Gordonia |
| Gossypium arboreum | | Malvaceae | Cotton |
| Gossypium hirsutum | Gossypium mexicanum, Gossypium religiosum | Malvaceae | Mexican Cotton |
| Gouania leptostachya | Gouania tiliaefolia | Rhamnaceae | Slender Spiked Gouania |
| Gouania microcarpa | Gouania brandisii, Gouania domingensis, Gouania integrifolia | Rhamnaceae | Tiny-Fruit Chawstick |
| Grangea maderaspatana | Artemisia maderaspatana, Grangea aegyptiaca, Tanacetum aegyptiacum | Asteraceae | Madras Carpet |
| Graptophyllum pictum | Justicia picta | Acanthaceae | Caricature Plant |
| Grevillea hilliana | | Proteaceae | White Silky Oak |
| Grevillea robusta | | Proteaceae | Silver Oak |
| Grewia abutilifolia | | Tiliaceae | Mallow-Leaved Crossberry |
| Grewia asiatica | | Tiliaceae | Phalsa |
| Grewia damine | Grewia bicolor, Grewia salvifolia | Tiliaceae | Salvia Leaved Crossberry |
| Grewia flavescens | | Tiliaceae | Donkey Berry |
| Grewia hirsuta | | Tiliaceae | Kukurbicha |
| Grewia laevigata | Grewia disperma, Grewia glabra, Grewia sepiaria | Tiliaceae | Two-Lobed Crossberry |
| Grewia optiva | Grewia oppositifolia | Tiliaceae | Bihul |
| Grewia orbiculata | Grewia rotundifolia | Tiliaceae | Round-Leaved Grewia |
| Grewia serrulata | | Tiliaceae | Kaori |
| Grewia tenax | | Tiliaceae | White Crossberry |
| Grewia tiliifolia | | Tiliaceae | Dhaman |
| Grewia umbellifera | | Tiliaceae | Ghat Crossberry |
| Guaiacum officinale | | Zygophyllaceae | Tree of Life |
| Guazuma ulmifolia | Theobroma guazuma, Guazuma tomentosa | Sterculiaceae | West Indian Elm |
| Guizotia abyssinica | Guizotia oleifera, Polymnia abyssinica | Asteraceae | Ramtil |
| Gustavia augusta | Japarandiba augusta | Lecythidaceae | Majestic Heaven Lotus |
| Gustavia superba | | Lecythidaceae | Heaven Lotus |
| Gymnadenia orchidis | Gymnadenia cylindrostachya, Gymnadenia himalayica, Habenaria orchidis, Orchis habenaroides | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Fragrant Orchid |
| Gymnema sylvestre | | Asclepiadaceae | Gurmar |
| Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. friedrichii | | Cactaceae | Ruby Ball |
| Gymnocalycium neuhuberi | | Cactaceae | Huber's Chin Cactus |
| Gymnosporia royleana | Maytenus royleana, Euonymus spinosus, Celastrus royleanus | Celastraceae | Royle's Spike Thorn |
| Gymnosporia rufa | | Celastraceae | Rusty Spike Thorn |
| Gymnosporia senegalensis | Celastrus senegalensis, Maytenus emarginata, Celastrus montana, Maytenus senegalensis | Celastraceae | Red Spike Thorn |
| Gymnostachyum glabrum | Cryptophragmium glabrum | Acanthaceae | Smooth Gymnostachyum |
| Gynocardia odorata | Chaulmoogra odorata, Chilmoria dodecandra | Flacourtiaceae | Chhal Mogra |
| Gynura cusimbua | Gynura angulosa, Cacalia cusimbua | Asteraceae | Hill Gynura |
| Gynura pseudochina | Gynura miniata | Asteraceae | Chinese Gynura |
| Gypsophila cerastioides | | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Baby's Breath |
| Gypsophila elegans | | Caryophyllaceae | Baby's Breath |
| Gyrocarpus americanus | | Hernandiaceae | Helicopter Tree |
| Habenaria acuifera | | Orchidaceae | Yellow Eastern Habenaria |
| Habenaria brachyphylla | Platanthera brachyphylla, Habenaria crassifolia | Orchidaceae | Thick Leaved Habenaria |
| Habenaria commelinifolia | Orchis stylosanthes, Orchis commelinifolia, Platanthera commelinifolia | Orchidaceae | Commelina-Leaf Habenaria |
| Habenaria digitata | Habenaria trinervia, Habenaria graveolens | Orchidaceae | Green Habenaria |
| Habenaria diphylla | Habenaria jerdoniana | Orchidaceae | Two-Leaved Habenaria |
| Habenaria foliosa | | Orchidaceae | Leafy Habenaria |
| Habenaria furcifera | Habenaria ovalifolia, Habenaria modesta, Habenaria hamigera | Orchidaceae | Forked Habenaria |
| Habenaria grandifloriformis | | Orchidaceae | Single Leaved Habenaria |
| Habenaria heyneana | | Orchidaceae | Toothbrush Orchid |
| Habenaria intermedia | Ochyrorchis intermedia, Kryptostoma intermedium | Orchidaceae | Intermediate Habenaria |
| Habenaria longicorniculata | | Orchidaceae | Long-Tailed Habenaria |
| Habenaria marginata | | Orchidaceae | Golden Yellow Habenaria |
| Habenaria panchganiensis | | Orchidaceae | Panchgani Habenaria |
| Habenaria pectinata | Habenaria ensifolia | Orchidaceae | Comb Habenaria |
| Habenaria rariflora | | Orchidaceae | Spreading Flowered Habenaria |
| Habenaria reniformis | | Orchidaceae | Kidney-Leaved Habenaria |
| Habenaria roxburghii | Orchis roxburghii, Orchis plantaginea, Gymnadenia plantaginea | Orchidaceae | Roxburgh's Habenaria |
| Hackelia macrophylla | Lappula macrophylla, Cynoglossum macrophyllum | Boraginaceae | Large-Leaf Stickseed |
| Hackelia uncinata | | Boraginaceae | Hooked Stickseed |
| Haldina cordifolia | | Rubiaceae | Haldu |
| Halenia elliptica | Swertia peloris | Gentianaceae | Spurred Gentian |
| Halerpestes tricuspis var. tricuspis | Ranunculus tricuspis, Halerpestes haiyanica | Ranunculaceae | Three-Finger Buttercup |
| Halogeton glomeratus | Anabasis glomerata, Darniella glomerata, Salsola glomerata | Chenopodiaceae | Salt-Lover |
| Haloxylon griffithii subsp. wakhanicum | Haloxylon wakhanicum, Haloxylon thomsonii | Chenopodiaceae | Dwarf Griffith's Saxaul |
| Hamelia patens | | Rubiaceae | Firebush |
| Haplanthodes tentaculatus | Haplanthus tentaculatus, Bremekampia tentaculata, Haplanthodes neilgherryensis | Acanthaceae | Tentacled Haplanthodes |
| Haplanthodes verticillatus | | Acanthaceae | Spiny Bottle Brush |
| Haplophragma adenophyllum | Bignonia adenophylla, Fernandoa adenophylla, Spathodea adenophylla | Bignoniaceae | Katsagon |
| Hardwickia binata | | Caesalpiniaceae | Anjan |
| Hatiora gaertneri | Epiphyllum russellianum var. gaertneri, Epiphyllum gaertneri | Cactaceae | Easter Cactus |
| Haworthia fasciata | Aloe fasciata, Apicra fasciata | Asparagaceae | Zebra Haworthia |
| Hedera nepalensis | | Araliaceae | Himalayan Ivy |
| Hedychium coccineum | Hedychium aurantiacum, Hedychium carneum, Hedychium roscoei | Zingiberaceae | Orange Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium coronarium | | Zingiberaceae | Butterfly Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium coronarium var. chrysoleucum | | Zingiberaceae | Gold Spot Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium densiflorum | Hedychium sino-aureum | Zingiberaceae | Hardy Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium flavescens | Hedychium coronarium var. flavescens | Zingiberaceae | Yellow Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium gardnerianum | | Zingiberaceae | Kahili Ginger |
| Hedychium marginatum | | Zingiberaceae | Red Ginger Lily |
| Hedychium spicatum | | Zingiberaceae | Spiked Ginger Lily |
| Hedysarum kumaonense | | Fabaceae | Kumaon Sweetvetch |
| Hedysarum microcalyx | | Fabaceae | Long-Keel Sweetvetch |
| Helenium autumnale | | Asteraceae | Helen's Flower |
| Helianthus annuus 'Ring of Fire' | | Asteraceae | Sunflower 'Ring of Fire' |
| Helianthus annuus | | Asteraceae | Sunflower |
| Helianthus annuus 'Teddy Bear' | | Asteraceae | Teddy Bear Sunflower |
| Helianthus argophyllus | | Asteraceae | Silverleaf Sunflower |
| Helianthus debilis | | Asteraceae | Beach Sunflower |
| Helichrysum splendidum | | Asteraceae | Cape Gold |
| Heliconia latispatha | | Heliconiaceae | Golden Lobster Claw |
| Heliconia psittacorum | | Heliconiaceae | Parakeet Flower |
| Heliconia psittacorum x spathocircinata | | Heliconiaceae | Heliconia Golden Torch |
| Heliconia rostrata | | Heliconiaceae | Lobster Claw |
| Heliconia stricta | | Heliconiaceae | Erect Lobster Claw |
| Heliconia tortuosa | | Heliconiaceae | Red Twist Heliconia |
| Helicteres isora | | Sterculiaceae | East-Indian Screw Tree |
| Heliopsis helianthoides 'Ballerina' | | Asteraceae | Heliopsis Ballerina |
| Heliotropium curassavicum var. obovatum | | Boraginaceae | Seaside Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium europaeum | | Boraginaceae | Common Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium indicum | | Boraginaceae | Indian Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium ovalifolium | | Boraginaceae | Grey Leaf Heliotrope |
| Heliotropium strigosum | | Boraginaceae | Bristly Heliotrope |
| Hemerocallis fulva | | Liliaceae | Orange Daylily |
| Hemerocallis hybrids | | Liliaceae | Daylily Frans Hals |
| Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus | Hemerocallis flava, Hemerocallis lutea | Liliaceae | Lemon Daylily |
| Hemidesmus indicus | | Asclepiadaceae | Indian Sarsaparilla |
| Hemigraphis crenata | Hemigraphis elegans, Ruellia crenata | Acanthaceae | Scalloped Hemigraphis |
| Hemigraphis hirta | Ruellia hitra, Ruellia sarmentosa | Acanthaceae | Hairy Hemigraphis |
| Hemigraphis latebrosa | Ruellia labetrosa | Acanthaceae | Shade Loving Hemigraphis |
| Hemigraphis repanda | Ruellia repanda | Acanthaceae | Dragon's Breath |
| Hemiphragma heterophyllum | | Scrophulariaceae | Nash Jhaar |
| Hemipilia cordifolia | Hemipilia bulleyi, Hemipilia cruciata, Hemipilia formosana | Orchidaceae | Heart-Leaf Hemipilia |
| Heracleum candicans | | Apiaceae | White-Leaf Hogweed |
| Heracleum canescens | Heracleum hirsutum, Heracleum cinereum | Asteraceae | Grey-Hairy Hogweed |
| Heracleum nepalense | | Apiaceae | Nepal Hogweed |
| Heritiera littoralis | | Sterculiaceae | Looking Glass Mangrove |
| Heritiera macrophylla | | Sterculiaceae | Large Leaf Looking Glass Tree |
| Herminium lanceum | Ophrys lancea, Satyrium lanceum, Spiranthes lancea | Orchidaceae | Lanceleaf Herminum |
| Herminium monorchis | | Orchidaceae | Musk Orchid |
| Herpetospermum pedunculosum | | Cucurbitaceae | Beej Karela |
| Hesperis matronalis | | Brassicaceae | Dame's Rocket |
| Heteropanax fragrans | Aralia fragrans, Panax fragrans | Araliaceae | Fragrant Aralia |
| Heterophragma quadriloculare | Heterophragma roxburghii, Spathodea roxburghii | Bignoniaceae | Waras |
| Heteropterys angustifolia | | Malpighiaceae | Red Wing |
| Heterostemma dalzellii | Heterostemma wallichii | Asclepiadaceae | Dalzell's Heterostemma |
| Heynea trijuga | | Meliaceae | Indian Heynea |
| Hibiscus caesius | Hibiscus gibsonii, Hibiscus heptaphyllus, Hibiscus pentaphyllus | Malvaceae | Five-Fingered Mallow |
| Hibiscus cannabinus | | Malvaceae | Deccan Hemp |
| Hibiscus hirtus | | Malvaceae | Lesser Mallow orange |
| Hibiscus hirtus | | Malvaceae | Lesser Mallow white |
| Hibiscus hispidissimus | | Malvaceae | Wild Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus lobatus | Solandra lobata, Hibiscus solandra | Malvaceae | Lobed Leaf Mallow |
| Hibiscus micranthus | Hibiscus ovalifolius | Malvaceae | Tiny Flower Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus moscheutos | | Malvaceae | Rose Mallow |
| Hibiscus mutabilis | | Malvaceae | Changeable Rose |
| Hibiscus panduriformis | | Malvaceae | Yellow Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus platanifolius | Pavonia platanifolia, Hibiscus eriocarpus, Hibiscus collinus | Malvaceae | Maple-Leaved Mallow |
| Hibiscus rosa-sinensis | | Malvaceae | China Rose |
| Hibiscus sabdariffa | | Malvaceae | Roselle |
| Hibiscus sabdariffa var. rubra | | Malvaceae | Red Sorrel |
| Hibiscus schizopetalus | | Malvaceae | Japanese Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus surattensis | Furcaria surattensis | Malvaceae | Bush Sorrel |
| Hibiscus syriacus 'Red Heart' | | Malvaceae | Red Heart Hibiscus |
| Hibiscus syriacus | | Malvaceae | Rose of Sharon |
| Hibiscus trionum | Ketmia trionum, Hibiscus vesicarius, Trionum annuum | Malvaceae | Flower of an Hour |
| Hibiscus vitifolius | Fioria vitifolia, Kosteletzkya vitifolia | Malvaceae | Grape Leaved Mallow |
| Himalaiella yakla | Saussurea yakla | Asteraceae | Yakla Snow Lotus |
| Himalrandia tetrasperma | Gardenia tetrasperma, Randia tetrasperma, Aidia tetrasperma | Rubiaceae | Himalayan Randia |
| Hippeastrum cybister 'Chico' | | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllis Chico |
| Hippeastrum hybrid | | Amaryllidaceae | Amaryllis Lily |
| Hippeastrum puniceum | | Amaryllidaceae | Barbados Lily |
| Hippobroma longiflora | Lobelia longiflora, Isotoma longiflora, Laurentia longiflora | Campanulaceae | Star of Bethlehem |
| Hippolytia dolichophylla | Chrysanthemum dolichophyllum, Tanacetum dolichophyllum | Asteraceae | Long-Leaved Tansy |
| Hiptage benghalensis | | Malpighiaceae | Madhavi Lata |
| Hitchenia caulina | Curcuma caulina | Zingiberaceae | Indian Arrowroot |
| Holarrhena pubescens | Holarrhena antidysenterica | Apocynaceae | Indrajao |
| Holboellia latifolia | Stauntonia latifolia | Lardizabalaceae | Sausage Vine |
| Holigarna arnottiana | Catutsjeron arnottianum | Anacardiaceae | Black Varnish Tree |
| Holmskioldia sanguinea | | Verbenaceae | Chinese Hat |
| Holoptelea integrifolia | Ulmus integrifolia | Ulmaceae | Indian Elm |
| Holostemma ada-kodien | Holostemma annulare | Asclepiadaceae | Holostemma Creeper |
| Homalium tomentosum | Blackwellia tomentosum | Flacourtiaceae | Burma Lancewood |
| Homonoia riparia | Adelia neriifolia | Euphorbiaceae | Willow-Leaved Water Croton |
| Hopea ponga | Artocarpus ponga, Hopea wightiana | Dipterocarpaceae | Ponga |
| Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum | | Poaceae | Hare Barley |
| Hordeum vulgare | | Poaceae | Barley |
| Hosta lancifolia | | Asparagaceae | Narrow-Leaved Plantain Lily |
| Hosta plantaginea | | Asparagaceae | Fragrant Plantain Lily |
| Houttuynia cordata | | Saururaceae | Chameleon Plant |
| Hoya bella | | Asclepiadaceae | Miniature Wax Plant |
| Hoya carnosa | | Asclepiadaceae | Wax Flower |
| Hoya pubicalyx | | Asclepiadaceae | Pink Silver Wax Flower |
| Hoya verticillata | | Asclepiadaceae | Whorled Wax Flower |
| Hoya wightii | Hoya pendula | Asclepiadaceae | Pendulous Wax Flower |
| Humulus lupulus | | Cannabaceae | Common Hop |
| Hura crepitans | Hura brasiliensis | Euphorbiaceae | Sandbox Tree |
| Hyacinthus orientalis | | Asparagaceae | Hyacinth |
| Hybanthus enneaspermus | Ionidium suffruticosum | Violaceae | Spade Flower |
| Hydnocarpus pentandrus | Chilmoria pentandra, Hydnocarpus laurifolia | Flacourtiaceae | Jangli Almond |
| Hydnophytum formicarum | | Rubiaceae | Ant Plant |
| Hydrangea arborescens var. grandiflora | | Hydrangeaceae | Wild Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea aspera subsp. robusta | Hydrangea robusta, Hydrangea rosthornii | Hydrangeaceae | Himalayan Tree Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea heteromalla | | Hydrangeaceae | Himalayan Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea macrophylla ssp. serrata | Hydrangea serrata var. acuminata, Hydrangea acuminata, Viburnum serratum | Hydrangeaceae | Mountain Hydrangea |
| Hydrangea macrophylla | | Hydrangeaceae | Hydrangea |
| Hydrilla verticillata | Hydrilla ovalifolia, Hydrilla polysperma, Serpicula verticillata, Vallisneria verticillata | Hydrocharitaceae | Water Thyme |
| Hydrocotyle himalaica | Hydrocotyle javanica var. podantha, Hydrocotyle podantha | Araliaceae | Himalayan Pennywort |
| Hydrocotyle javanica | Hydrocotyle hispida, Hydrocotyle nepalensis | Araliaceae | Java Pennywort |
| Hydrocotyle verticillata | Hydrocotyle prolifera, Hydrocotyle triradiata, Hydrocotyle australis | Araliaceae | Whorled Marsh-Pennywort |
| Hydrolea zeylanica | Nama zeylanica | Hydroleaceae | Ceylon Hydrolea |
| Hygrophila ringens | Hygrophila erecta | Acanthaceae | Erect Hygrophila |
| Hygrophila schulli | Hygrophila auriculata | Acanthaceae | Marsh Barbel |
| Hygrophila serpyllum | | Acanthaceae | Marsh Carpet |
| Hylocereus undatus | Cereus undatus, Cereus tricostatus, Hylocereus tricostatus | Cactaceae | Night Blooming Cereus |
| Hymenocallis littoralis | | Amaryllidaceae | Spider Lily |
| Hymenodictyon obovatum | | Rubiaceae | Kadwa Sirid |
| Hymenodictyon orixense | Hymenodictyon excelsum, Cinchona excelsa | Rubiaceae | Bridal Couch Tree |
| Hymenosporum flavum | Pittosporum flavum | Pittosporaceae | Queensland Frangipani |
| Hyoscyamus niger | | Solanaceae | Henbane |
| Hypericum androsaemum | | Hypericaceae | Tutsan |
| Hypericum choisyanum | | Hypericaceae | Choisy's St Johns Wort |
| Hypericum dyeri | Hypericum lysimachioides | Hypericaceae | Dyer's Hypericum |
| Hypericum elodeoides | Hypericum napaulense | Hypericaceae | Himalayan St Johns Wort |
| Hypericum mysurense | Norysca mysorensis | Hypericaceae | Mysore St Johns Wort |
| Hypericum oblongifolium | Hypericum cernuum | Hypericaceae | Pendant St Johns Wort |
| Hypericum perforatum | | Hypericaceae | Perforate St Johns Wort |
| Hypericum podocarpoides | | Hypericaceae | Narrow-Leaved St Johns Wort |
| Hypoestes phyllostachya | Hypoestes sanguinolenta | Acanthaceae | Polka Dot Plant |
| Hypoxis aurea | Hypoxis minor, Curculigo graminifolia | Hypoxidaceae | Golden Star Grass |
| Hyptis capitata | | Lamiaceae | Knobweed |
| Hyptis suaveolens | Ballota suaveolens | Lamiaceae | American Mint |
| Iberis amara | | Brassicaceae | Candytuft |
| Iberis carnosa | Iberis pruitii, | Brassicaceae | Pruit's Candytuft |
| Iberis umbellata | | Brassicaceae | Globe Candytuft |
| Ichnocarpus frutescens | Apocynum frutescens, Echites frutescens, Quirivelia frutescens | Apocynaceae | Black Creeper |
| Ilex dipyrena | Ilex dentonii | Aquifoliaceae | Himalayan Holly |
| Impatiens acaulis | | Balsaminaceae | Rock Balsam |
| Impatiens arguta | Impatiens gagei | Balsaminaceae | East Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens balfourii | | Balsaminaceae | Balfour's Balsam |
| Impatiens balsamina | | Balsaminaceae | Bicolor Rose Balsam |
| Impatiens balsamina | | Balsaminaceae | Garden Balsam |
| Impatiens bicolor | Impatiens amphorata | Balsaminaceae | Amphora Balsam |
| Impatiens brachycentra | | Balsaminaceae | Spurless Balsam |
| Impatiens chinensis | Impatiens cosmia, Impatiens crassicornu | Balsaminaceae | Chinese Balsam |
| Impatiens dalzellii | | Balsaminaceae | Dalzell's Yellow Balsam |
| Impatiens devendrae | | Balsaminaceae | Devendra's Balsam |
| Impatiens dolichoceras | | Balsaminaceae | Long-Horned Balsam |
| Impatiens edgeworthii | Impatiens longicornu var. cristata, Impatiens chrysantha | Balsaminaceae | Edgeworth's Balsam |
| Impatiens flaccida | | Balsaminaceae | Pink Orchid Balsam |
| Impatiens glandulifera | Impatiens roylei | Balsaminaceae | Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens hawkeri | Impatiens herzogii, Impatiens linearifolia, Impatiens schlechteri | Balsaminaceae | New Guinea Balsam |
| Impatiens inconspicua | Impatiens pusilla | Balsaminaceae | Tiny Balsam |
| Impatiens latiflora | | Balsaminaceae | Indian Angel Balsam |
| Impatiens lawii | | Balsaminaceae | Law's Balsam |
| Impatiens leggei | | Balsaminaceae | Mary Legge's Balsam |
| Impatiens leschenaultii | Balsamina leschenaultii | Balsaminaceae | Nilgiri Balsam |
| Impatiens maculata | | Balsaminaceae | Spotted Balsam |
| Impatiens mengtszeana | Impatiens mengtzeana , Impatiens mengtziana | Balsaminaceae | Mengtsze Balsam |
| Impatiens minor | Impatiens kleinii | Balsaminaceae | Lesser Balsam |
| Impatiens oppositifolia | Impatiens rosmarinifolia | Balsaminaceae | Rosemary Leaved Balsam |
| Impatiens pulcherrima | | Balsaminaceae | Handsome Flowered Balsam |
| Impatiens racemulosa | | Balsaminaceae | Pink Raceme Balsam |
| Impatiens scabrida | Impatiens cristata | Balsaminaceae | Rugged Yellow Balsam |
| Impatiens stenantha | | Balsaminaceae | Narrow Flowered Balsam |
| Impatiens sulcata | Impatiens gigantea | Balsaminaceae | Gigantic Himalayan Balsam |
| Impatiens thomsonii | | Balsaminaceae | Thomson's Balsam |
| Impatiens tomentosa | Impatiens ramosissima | Balsaminaceae | Marsh Balsam |
| Impatiens walleriana | Impatiens sultani | Balsaminaceae | Sultan's Balsam |
| Imperata cylindrica | | Poaceae | Cogon Grass |
| Incarvillea arguta | Amphicome arguta, Incarvillea diffusa | Bignoniaceae | Himalayan Gloxinia |
| Incarvillea emodi | Amphicome emodi | Bignoniaceae | Himalayan Incarvillea |
| Indigofera astragalina | Indigofera hirsuta | Fabaceae | Silky Indigo |
| Indigofera atropurpurea | Indigofera cavaleriei | Fabaceae | Deep-Purple Indigo |
| Indigofera cassioides | Indigofera pulchella, Indigofera leptostachya | Fabaceae | Cassia Indigo |
| Indigofera cordifolia | | Fabaceae | Heart-Leaf Indigo |
| Indigofera dalzellii | Indigofera triquetra | Fabaceae | Shield Indigo |
| Indigofera exilis | | Fabaceae | Slender Indigo |
| Indigofera glandulosa | | Fabaceae | Three Leaf Indigo |
| Indigofera hebepetala | | Fabaceae | Fuzzy Petal Indigo |
| Indigofera hendecaphylla | Indigofera endecaphylla, Indigofera spicata | Fabaceae | Creeping Indigo |
| Indigofera heterantha | | Fabaceae | Himalayan Indigo |
| Indigofera linifolia | Hedysarum linifolium, Indigofera linifolia var. campbelli | Fabaceae | Narrowleaf Indigo |
| Indigofera linnaei | Indigofera enneaphylla, Hedysarum prostratum | Fabaceae | Birdsville Indigo |
| Indigofera suffruticosa | Indigofera anil | Fabaceae | West Indian Indigo |
| Indigofera trita | Indigofera cineraria, Indigofera timoriensis, Indigofera rigida | Fabaceae | Asian Indigo |
| Indopiptadenia oudhensis | Piptadenia oudhensis | Mimosaceae | Gainti |
| Inula cuspidata | | Asteraceae | Lanceleaf Inula |
| Inula nervosa | Inula asperrima, Inula nitida, Inula venosa, Inula esquirolii | Asteraceae | Veined-Leaf Inula |
| Inula orientalis | Inula grandiflora | Asteraceae | Showy Inula |
| Inula racemosa | | Asteraceae | Indian Elecampane |
| Inula royleana | | Asteraceae | Himalayan Elecampane |
| Iochroma cyaneum | Habrothamnus cyaneus, Iochroma tubulosum, Meyenia cyanea | Solanaceae | Violet Churcu |
| Iphigenia indica | Melanthium indicum, Anguillaria indica | Colchicaceae | Indian Grass Lily |
| Iphigenia pallida | | Colchicaceae | Pale Grass Lily |
| Iphigenia stellata | | Colchicaceae | Star Grass Lily |
| Ipomoea alba | | Convolvulaceae | Moon Vine |
| Ipomoea aquatica | | Convolvulaceae | Water Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea arachnosperma | Ipomoea pilosa | Convolvulaceae | Hairy Little Bell |
| Ipomoea barlerioides | | Convolvulaceae | Pink Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea batatas | | Convolvulaceae | Sweet Potato |
| Ipomoea cairica | | Convolvulaceae | Railway Creeper |
| Ipomoea campanulata | | Convolvulaceae | Tambarvel |
| Ipomoea carnea | | Convolvulaceae | Bush Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea coptica | Convolvulus copticus | Convolvulaceae | Alamo Vine |
| Ipomoea eriocarpa | Ipomoea hispida, Convolvulus hispidus | Convolvulaceae | Tiny Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea hederifolia | Ipomoea coccinea var. hederifolia | Convolvulaceae | Scarlet Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea horsfalliae | | Convolvulaceae | Cardinal Creeper |
| Ipomoea indica | Ipomoea learii, Ipomoea congesta, Convolvulus indicus | Convolvulaceae | Blue Dawn Flower |
| Ipomoea laciniata | | Convolvulaceae | Cut-Leaved Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea marginata | Ipomoea sepiaria, Ipomoea maxima, Convolvulus marginatus | Convolvulaceae | Purple Heart Glory |
| Ipomoea mauritiana | Ipomoea digitata, Ipomoea insignis | Convolvulaceae | Giant Potato |
| Ipomoea muricata | Convolvulus muricatus, Ipomoea turbinata, Ipomoea petiolaris | Convolvulaceae | Purple Moonflower |
| Ipomoea nil | Convolvulus nil | Convolvulaceae | Blue Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea obscura | Convolvulus obscurus, Ipomoea fragilis | Convolvulaceae | Obscure Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea parasitica | Convolvulus parasiticus, Ipomoea perlonga, Convolvulus circinnatus | Convolvulaceae | Yellow-Throated Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea pes-caprae | | Convolvulaceae | Goat Foot Vine |
| Ipomoea pes-tigridis | | Convolvulaceae | Tiger Foot Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea purpurea 'Milky Way' | | Convolvulaceae | Milky Way Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea purpurea | | Convolvulaceae | Common Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea quamoclit | | Convolvulaceae | Cypress Vine |
| Ipomoea sindica | | Convolvulaceae | Sind Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea sinensis | Convolvulus calycinus, Convolvulus hardwickii, Ipomoea calycina | Convolvulaceae | Chinese Morning Glory |
| Ipomoea triloba | | Convolvulaceae | Little Bell |
| Ipomoea violacea | Convolvulus tuba, Ipomoea macrantha, Ipomoea tuba | Convolvulaceae | Beach Moonflower |
| Ipomoea wolcottiana subsp. wolcottiana | Convolvulus arborescens, Ipomoea arborescens | Convolvulaceae | Morning Glory Tree |
| Iresine herbstii | | Amaranthaceae | Bloodleaf |
| Iris clarkei | | Iridaceae | Clark's Iris |
| Iris crocea | Iris spuria subsp. aurea | Iridaceae | Golden Iris |
| Iris domestica | Belamcanda chinensis | Iridaceae | Leopard Flower |
| Iris germanica | | Iridaceae | German Iris |
| Iris hookeriana | | Iridaceae | Hooker's Iris |
| Iris japonica | Iris fimbriata, Iris chinensis | Iridaceae | Fringed Iris |
| Iris kashmiriana | Iris bartonii | Iridaceae | Kashmir Iris |
| Iris kemaonensis | | Iridaceae | Kumaon Iris |
| Iris lactea | Eremiris lactea | Iridaceae | Milky Iris |
| Iris macrosiphon | | Iridaceae | Ground Iris |
| Iris milesii | | Iridaceae | Red Flower Iris |
| Iris pseudacorus | | Iridaceae | Yellow Iris |
| Iris tectorum | | Iridaceae | Roof Iris |
| Iris variegata | Iris flavescens, Iris lepida, Iris reginae | Iridaceae | Hungarian Iris |
| Iris versicolor | | Iridaceae | Blue Flag Iris |
| Iris virginica | | Iridaceae | Virginia Iris |
| Iris x hollandica | | Iridaceae | Blue Dutch Iris |
| Isodon lophanthoides | Rabdosia lophanthoides, Plectranthus striatus, Hyssopus lophanthoides | Lamiaceae | Crested Flower Isodon |
| Isodon rugosus | Plectranthus rugosus, Isodon plecranthoides | Lamiaceae | Wrinkled Leaf Isodon |
| Ixora brachiata | | Rubiaceae | Gorbale |
| Ixora chinensis | | Rubiaceae | Chinese Ixora |
| Ixora coccinea | | Rubiaceae | Ixora pink |
| Ixora coccinea | | Rubiaceae | Ixora red |
| Ixora coccinea | | Rubiaceae | Ixora yellow |
| Ixora elongata | Ixora pedunculata | Rubiaceae | Rosy Ixora |
| Ixora nigricans | Ixora affinis, Ixora arguta, Pavetta erubescens, Ixora plumea | Rubiaceae | Black Ixora |
| Ixora pavetta | Ixora arborea, Ixora parviflora, Ixora decipiens | Rubiaceae | Small Flowered Ixora |
| Jacaranda mimosifolia | | Bignoniaceae | Blue Jacaranda |
| Jacaranda obtusifolia ssp. rhombifolia | Jacaranda filicifolia, Bignonia filicifolia, Jacaranda rhombifolia | Bignoniaceae | Fern Leaf Jacaranda |
| Jacobaea maritima | Othonna maritima, Senecio cineraria, Senecio bicolor | Asteraceae | Dusty Miller |
| Jacquemontia paniculata var. paniculata | Ipomoea paniculata, Convolvulus parviflorus, Convolvulus violaceus | Convolvulaceae | Mauve Clustervine |
| Jacquemontia pentanthos | Jacquemontia violacea, Jacquemontia pentantha | Convolvulaceae | Skyblue Clustervine |
| Jacquinia macrocarpa | Jacquinia aurantica | Primulaceae | Jacquinia |
| Jaeschkea oligosperma | Gentiana oligosperma, Gentiana jaeschkei, Jaeschkea gentianoides | Gentianaceae | Narrow-Sepal Jaeschkea |
| Jansenella griffithiana | Arundinella avenacea, Arundinella griffithiana | Poaceae | Jansen Grass |
| Jasminum angustifolium | Nyctanthes angustifolia | Oleaceae | Wild Jasmine |
| Jasminum arborescens | Jasminum montanum, Jasminum roxburghianum, Jasminum latifolium | Oleaceae | Navamallika |
| Jasminum auriculatum | Jasminum molle | Oleaceae | Juhi |
| Jasminum azoricum | Jasminum trifoliatum | Oleaceae | Azores Jasmine |
| Jasminum dichotomum | | Oleaceae | Rose Bud Jasmine |
| Jasminum elongatum | Jasminum undulatum | Oleaceae | Red Kunda |
| Jasminum fluminense | | Oleaceae | River Jasmine |
| Jasminum humile | Jasminum wallichianum, Jasminum revolutum, Jasminum pubigerum | Oleaceae | Yellow Jasmine |
| Jasminum malabaricum | | Oleaceae | Malabar Jasmine |
| Jasminum mesnyi | Jasminum primulinum | Oleaceae | Primrose Jasmine |
| Jasminum multiflorum | Jasminum pubescens | Oleaceae | Kunda |
| Jasminum nervosum | | Oleaceae | Wild Kunda |
| Jasminum nitidum | | Oleaceae | Angelwing Jasmine |
| Jasminum officinale | | Oleaceae | Common Jasmine |
| Jasminum polyanthum | | Oleaceae | Pink Jasmine |
| Jasminum sambac var. 'Belle of India' | | Oleaceae | Madan Mogra |
| Jasminum sambac var. 'Grand Duke Of Tuscany' | | Oleaceae | Butt Mogra |
| Jasminum sambac var. 'Maid of Orleans' | | Oleaceae | Bela |
| Jatropha curcas | | Euphorbiaceae | Physic Nut |
| Jatropha gossypiifolia | | Euphorbiaceae | Bellyache Bush |
| Jatropha integerrima | | Euphorbiaceae | Peregrina |
| Jatropha integerrima | | Euphorbiaceae | Peregrina pink |
| Jatropha multifida | | Euphorbiaceae | Coral Bush |
| Jatropha podagrica | | Euphorbiaceae | Australian Bottle Plant |
| Joannesia princeps | | Euphorbiaceae | Arara Nut Tree |
| Juncus bufonius | | Juncaceae | Toad Rush |
| Juncus himalensis | | Juncaceae | Himalayan Rush |
| Juncus inflexus | Juncus paniculatus, Juncus glaucus | Juncaceae | Sea-Green Rush |
| Juncus thomsonii | | Juncaceae | Thomson's Rush |
| Justicia adhatoda | Adhatoda vasica, Adhatoda zeylanica | Acanthaceae | Malabar Nut |
| Justicia aurea | | Acanthaceae | Yellow Jacobinia |
| Justicia betonica | | Acanthaceae | Squirrel Tail |
| Justicia brandegeana | | Acanthaceae | Shrimp Plant |
| Justicia carnea | | Acanthaceae | Pink Jacobinia |
| Justicia gendarussa | Gendarussa vulgaris, Adhatoda subserrata | Acanthaceae | Gandarusa |
| Justicia glauca | | Acanthaceae | Glaucous Justicia |
| Justicia procumbens | | Acanthaceae | Water Willow |
| Justicia pubigera | Peristrophe pubigera, Justicia edgeworthii, Rhaphidospora ciliata | Acanthaceae | Foldwing Justicia |
| Justicia santapaui | Justicia montana, Justicia andersonii | Acanthaceae | Santapau's Justicia |
| Justicia spicigera | Jacobinia spicigera, Justicia ghiesbreghtiana, Justicia sidicaro | Acanthaceae | Mexican Honeysuckle |
| Justicia trinervia | | Acanthaceae | Three Nerved Squirrel Tail |
| Justicia wynaadensis | Adhatoda wynaadensis, Ecbolium wynadense, Gendarussa wynaadensis | Acanthaceae | Wayanad Justicia |
| Kaempferia galanga | | Zingiberaceae | Aromatic Ginger |
| Kaempferia laotica | | Zingiberaceae | Peacock Ginger |
| Kaempferia pulchra | | Zingiberaceae | Resurrection Lily |
| Kaempferia rotunda | | Zingiberaceae | Bhumi Champa |
| Kaempferia scaposa | | Zingiberaceae | Scaped Ginger |
| Kalanchoe blossfeldiana | | Crassulaceae | Flaming Katy |
| Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri | | Crassulaceae | Palm Beachbells |
| Kalanchoe laciniata | Kalanchoe angustifolia, Kalanchoe diversa, Kalanchoe rosea | Crassulaceae | Christmas Tree Plant |
| Kalanchoe orgyalis | Kalanchoe antanosiana | Crassulaceae | Copper Spoons |
| Kalanchoe pinnata | Cotyledon pinnata, Bryophyllum pinnatum | Crassulaceae | Air Plant |
| Kandelia candel | Kandelia rheedei, Rhizophora candel | Rhizophoraceae | Narrow-Leaved Kandelia |
| Kerria japonica 'Pleniflora' | | Rosaceae | Kerria double |
| Khaya senegalensis | Swietenia senegalensis | Meliaceae | African Mahogany |
| Kickxia ramosissima | Linaria ramosissima | Scrophulariaceae | Branched Cancerwort |
| Kigelia africana | Crescentia pinnata, Kigelia pinnata | Bignoniaceae | Sausage Tree |
| Kleinhovia hospita | | Sterculiaceae | Guest Tree |
| Kleinia fulgens | | Asteraceae | Scarlet Kleinia |
| Knema attenuata | Myristica attenuata | Myristicaceae | Wild Nutmeg |
| Kniphofia spp. | | Asphodelaceae | Torch Lily |
| Knoxia sumatrensis | Spermacoce sumatrensis, Knoxia corymbosa, Spermacoce corymbosa | Rubiaceae | Sumatra Knoxia |
| Kobresia schoenoides | Kobresia pamiroalaica, Kobresia glaucifolia, Kobresia lacustris | Cyperaceae | Rush Bog-Sedge |
| Koelreuteria elegans | | Sapindaceae | Flamegold |
| Kohautia coccinea | Hedyotis coccinea, Hedyotis abyssinica, Oldenlandia coccinea | Rubiaceae | Scarlet Snake-Needle Grass |
| Kohleria eriantha | | Gesneriaceae | Kohleria |
| Kopsia fruticosa | | Apocynaceae | Shrub Vinca |
| Krascheninnikovia ceratoides | Diotis ceratoides, Eurotia ceratoides, Eurotia prostrata | Chenopodiaceae | Himalayan Winterfat |
| Kydia calycina | | Malvaceae | Kydia |
| Kyllinga nemoralis | Cyperus kyllingia | Cyperaceae | White Water Sedge |
| Lablab purpureus | Dolichos lablab, Dolichos purpureus | Fabaceae | Lablab Bean |
| Laburnum anagyroides | Laburnum vulgare, Cytisus laburnum | Fabaceae | Common Laburnum |
| Lactuca dissecta | Lactuca auriculata | Asteraceae | Split-Leaf Lettuce |
| Lactuca dolichophylla | Lactuca longifolia | Asteraceae | Long Leaved Lettuce |
| Lactuca sativa | | Asteraceae | Lettuce |
| Lactuca serriola | Lactuca scariola, Lactuca sylvestris | Asteraceae | Prickly Lettuce |
| Laelia anceps | | Orchidaceae | Laelia Orchid pink |
| Lagascea mollis | | Asteraceae | Silk Leaf |
| Lagenandra ovata | Arisarum ovatum, Arum ovatum, Caladium ovatum, Cryptocoryne ovata | Araceae | Malayan Sword |
| Lagenaria siceraria | | Cucurbitaceae | Bottle Gourd |
| Lagerstroemia duperreana | Lagerstroemia thorellii | Lythraceae | Thorel's Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia floribunda | Lagerstroemia turbinata | Lythraceae | Tropical Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia indica | | Lythraceae | Common Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia microcarpa | Lagerstroemia lanceolata | Lythraceae | Ben Teak |
| Lagerstroemia parviflora | | Lythraceae | Small Flowered Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia speciosa | | Lythraceae | Queen Crape Myrtle |
| Lagerstroemia tomentosa | | Lythraceae | White Crape Myrtle |
| Laggera alata | Blumea alata, Conyza nutans, Vernonia alata | Asteraceae | Winged-Stem Laggera |
| Lagotis cashmeriana | | Scrophulariaceae | Kashmir Lagotis |
| Lagotis kunawurensis | Gymnandra kunawurensis | Scrophulariaceae | Kinnaur Lagotis |
| Lamium album | | Lamiaceae | White Dead Nettle |
| Lamium amplexicaule | Lamiella amplexicaulis, Lamiopsis amplexicaulis | Lamiaceae | Henbit Deadnettle |
| Lampranthus aureus | Mesembryanthemum aureum | Aizoaceae | Golden Ice Plant |
| Lampranthus productus | Mesembryanthemum productum | Aizoaceae | Purple Ice Plant |
| Lancea tibetica | | Scrophulariaceae | Depgul |
| Lannea coromandelica | Dialium coromandelicum, Lannea grandis, Odina wodier | Anacardiaceae | Indian Ash Tree |
| Lantana camara var. aculeata | | Verbenaceae | Lantana |
| Lantana involucrata | Lantana odorata | Verbenaceae | White Lantana |
| Lantana montevidensis | | Verbenaceae | Trailing Lantana |
| Laportea interrupta | Fleurya interrupta, Urtica interrupta | Urticaceae | Hen's Nettle |
| Lapsana communis | Lapsana pubescens, Lapsana glandulosa | Asteraceae | Nipplewort |
| Lathyrus odoratus | | Fabaceae | Sweet Pea |
| Lathyrus sativus | | Fabaceae | Grass Pea |
| Lathyrus sphaericus | Lathyrus coccineus, Lathyrus viciodes, Orobus sphaericus | Fabaceae | Red Grass Pea |
| Launaea procumbens | | Asteraceae | Creeping Launaea |
| Launaea sarmentosa | Launaea pinnatifida | Asteraceae | Beach Launaea |
| Launaea secunda | Chondrilla secunda | Asteraceae | Himalayan Launaea |
| Lavandula angustifolia subsp. angustifolia | Lavandula vera, Lavandula officinalis, Lavandula spica | Lamiaceae | Common Lavender |
| Lavandula bipinnata | Lavandula burmanni, Bystropogon bipinnatus | Lamiaceae | Feather Leaved Lavender |
| Lavatera cachemiriana | | Malvaceae | Kashmir Mallow |
| Lawsonia inermis | | Lythraceae | Henna |
| Lecanthus peduncularis | Lecanthus wallichi, Lecanthus wightii, Procris peduncularis | Urticaceae | Stalked Dischead |
| Ledebouria revoluta | Scilla hyacinthina | Liliaceae | South Indian Squill |
| Leea asiatica | Leea aspera, Leea crispa, Phytolacca asiatica | Vitaceae | Banchalita |
| Leea coccinea 'Rubra' | Leea rubra | Vitaceae | Red Leea |
| Leea indica | | Vitaceae | Bandicoot Berry |
| Leea macrophylla | Leea integrifolia, Leea latifolia | Vitaceae | Hathikana |
| Leonotis nepetifolia | Phlomis nepetifolia | Lamiaceae | Lion's Ear |
| Leontopodium himalayanum | | Asteraceae | Himalayan Edelweiss |
| Leontopodium jacotianum | Leontopodium alpinum var. alpinum | Asteraceae | Edelweiss |
| Leontopodium nanum | Leontopodium alpinum var. nivale, Leontopodium jamesonii | Asteraceae | Tiny Edelweiss |
| Leonurus cardiaca | | Lamiaceae | Motherwort |
| Leonurus japonicus | Leonurus sibiricus | Lamiaceae | Honeyweed |
| Lepidagathis bandraensis | | Acanthaceae | Bandra Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis cristata | | Acanthaceae | Crested Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis cuspidata | Ruellia cuspidata | Acanthaceae | Spiny Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis fasciculata | Ruellia fasciculata | Acanthaceae | Striped Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis incurva | | Acanthaceae | Curved Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis lutea | | Acanthaceae | Yellow Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis purpuricaulis | | Acanthaceae | Purple Stem Lepidagathis |
| Lepidagathis trinervis | | Acanthaceae | Frilly Lepidagathis |
| Lepidium didymum | Coronopus didymus | Brassicaceae | Bitter Cress |
| Lepidium ruderale | | Brassicaceae | Narrow-Leaved Peppergrass |
| Lepidium sativum | | Brassicaceae | Garden Cress |
| Lepidium virginicum | | Brassicaceae | Virginia Pepperweed |
| Lepisanthes tetraphylla | Sapindus tetraphylla, Otophora spectabilis, Lepisanthes eriolepis | Sapindaceae | Kurpa |
| Leptochloa panicea | Poa panicea | Poaceae | Thread Sprangletop |
| Leptodermis kumaonensis | | Rubiaceae | Kumaon Leptodermis |
| Leptodermis lanceolata | Hamiltonia fruticosa | Rubiaceae | Lanceleaf Leptodermis |
| Leptopus cordifolius | Andrachne cordifolia, Arachne cordifolia, Phyllanthus cordifolius | Phyllanthaceae | Heart-Leaf Maiden-Bush |
| Leptorhabdos parviflora | Leptorhabdos micrantha | Orobanchaceae | Leptorhabdos |
| Leptospermum trinervium | Leptospermum pendulum, Leptospermum lucidum | Myrtaceae | Flaky-Barked Tea-Tree |
| Lespedeza juncea | | Fabaceae | Rush Bush-Clover |
| Lespedeza juncea var. sericea | Lespedeza sericea, Lespedeza cuneata, Aspalathus cuneata | Fabaceae | Silky Bush-Clover |
| Leucaena leucocephala | Leucaena glauca | Fabaceae | Wild Tamarind |
| Leucanthemum vulgare | Chrysanthemum leucanthemum | Asteraceae | Oxeye Daisy |
| Leucanthemum X superbum | Chrysanthemum maximum | Asteraceae | Shasta Daisy |
| Leucas aspera | | Lamiaceae | Common Leucas |
| Leucas biflora | Leucas procumbens, Phlomis biflora, Blandinia biflora | Lamiaceae | Two-Flowered Leucas |
| Leucas ciliata | | Lamiaceae | Tufted Leucas |
| Leucas lamifolia | | Lamiaceae | Mint Leaved Leucas |
| Leucas lanata | | Lamiaceae | Woolly Leucas |
| Leucas marrubioides | | Lamiaceae | Horehound Leucas |
| Leucas martinicensis | Clinopodium martinicense, Phlomis martinicensis, Stachys fluminensis | Lamiaceae | Whitewort |
| Leucas stelligera | | Lamiaceae | Starry Leucas |
| Leucophyllum frutescens | | Scrophulariaceae | Purple Sage |
| Leycesteria formosa | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Honeysuckle |
| Liatris spicata | | Asteraceae | Gayfeather |
| Licuala spinosa | | Arecaceae | Mangrove Fan Palm |
| Ligularia amplexicaulis | | Asteraceae | Stem Clasping Ligularia |
| Ligustrum indicum | Ligustrum nepalense | Oleaceae | Indian Privet |
| Ligustrum ovalifolium | | Oleaceae | Oval-Leaved Privet |
| Ligustrum perrottetii | Ligustrum neilgherrense | Oleaceae | Nilgiri Privet |
| Lilium chitrangadae | | Liliaceae | Dzukou Lily |
| Lilium mackliniae | | Liliaceae | Siroi Lily |
| Lilium nanum | Nomocharis nana, Fritillaria gardneriana, Fritillaria stracheyi | Liliaceae | Tiny Lily |
| Lilium nepalense | Lilium ochroleucum | Liliaceae | Nepal Lily |
| Lilium polyphyllum | | Liliaceae | White Himalayan Lily |
| Lilium x asiatica | | Liliaceae | Asiatic Lily |
| Lilium x maculatum Cv. 'Batemanniae' | Lilium elegans var. Batemanniae, Lilium batemanniae | Liliaceae | Bateman's Lily |
| Limnocharis flava | Alisma flavum, Limnocharis flava var. indica | Alismataceae | Yellow Sawah Lettuce |
| Limnophila indica | Hottonia indica, Limnophila gratioloides | Scrophulariaceae | Indian Marshweed |
| Limnophyton obtusifolium | Sagittaria obtusifolia, Alisma obtusifolium, Alisma sagittifolium | Alismataceae | Blunt Arrowhead |
| Limonia acidissima | Feronia elephantum, Feronia limonia, Schinus limonia | Rutaceae | Wood Apple |
| Limonium sinuatum | | Plumbaginaceae | Sea Lavender |
| Linaria dalmatica | Antirrhinum dalmaticum, Linaria genistifolia subsp. dalmatica | Scrophulariaceae | Dalmatian Toadflax |
| Linaria maroccana | | Scrophulariaceae | Toadflax |
| Lindelofia anchusoides | | Boraginaceae | Asian Hound's Tongue |
| Lindelofia stylosa | | Boraginaceae | Protruding Style Lindelofia |
| Lindenbergia indica | Lindenbergia urticifolia | Scrophulariaceae | Nettle Leaved Lindenbergia |
| Lindenbergia macrostachya | | Scrophulariaceae | Lindenbergia |
| Lindenbergia muraria | Stemodia muraria, Lindenbergia urticifolia | Scrophulariaceae | Wall Lindenbergia |
| Lindera pulcherrima | | Lauraceae | Wild Privet |
| Lindernia antipoda | Ruellia antipoda, Lindernia veronicifolia | Linderniaceae | Sparrow False Pimpernel |
| Lindernia ciliata | Bonnaya brachiata, Gratiola ciliata | Linderniaceae | Fringed False Pimpernel |
| Lindernia crustacea | Capraria crustacea, Vandellia crustacea | Linderniaceae | Brittle False Pimpernel |
| Lindernia nummulariifolia | | Linderniaceae | False Pimpernel |
| Lindernia parviflora | Bonnaya parviflora, Ilysanthes parviflora | Linderniaceae | Small-Flowered Lindernia |
| Lindernia ruellioides | Bonnaya reptans | Linderniaceae | Duckbill Pimpernel |
| Lindernia viscosa | Gratiola viscosa, Hornemannia viscosa, Lindernia cruciformis, Vandellia viscosa | Linderniaceae | Sticky False Pimpernel |
| Linum grandiflorum | Linum rubrum, Linum grandiflorum var rubrum | Linaceae | Scarlet Flax |
| Linum mysorense | Linum mysurense | Linaceae | Mysore Flax |
| Linum usitatissimum | | Linaceae | Flax |
| Liparis caespitosa | | Orchidaceae | Clumping Liparis |
| Liparis odorata | Liparis paradoxa, Malaxis odorata, Liparis parishii | Orchidaceae | Fragrant Liparis |
| Liparis rostrata | | Orchidaceae | Beaked Widelip Orchid |
| Liriodendron tulipifera | | Magnoliaceae | Tulip Tree |
| Liriope muscari | | Liliaceae | Lily Turf |
| Litchi chinensis | | Sapindaceae | Leechee |
| Lithocarpus pachyphyllus | Quercus pachyphylla, Pasania pachyphylla, Synaedrys pachyphylla | Fagaceae | Thick Leaved Oak |
| Litsea deccanensis | Litsea tomentosa, Tetranthera tomentosa | Lauraceae | Deccan Tallow Laurel |
| Litsea glutinosa | Litsea laurifolia, Sebifera glutinosa, Tetranthera laurifolia | Lauraceae | Indian Laurel |
| Litsea josephii | Litsea stocksii | Lauraceae | Joseph's Laurel |
| Litsea monopetala | Litsea polyantha, Tetranthera monopetala, Tetranthera alnoides | Lauraceae | Meda |
| Livistona chinensis | | Arecaceae | Chinese Fan Palm |
| Lloydia flavonutans | | Liliaceae | Yellow Alplily |
| Lloydia longiscapa | | Liliaceae | Tall Alplily |
| Lloydia serotina | | Liliaceae | Snowdon Alplily |
| Lobelia alsinoides | Lobelia trigona | Campanulaceae | Chickweed Lobelia |
| Lobelia erinus | | Campanulaceae | Trailing Lobelia |
| Lobelia heyneana | Lobelia bialata, Lobelia dichotoma | Campanulaceae | Heyne's Lobelia |
| Lobelia nicotianifolia | Lobelia nicotianaefolia | Campanulaceae | Wild Tobacco |
| Lobelia seguinii | | Campanulaceae | Seguin's Lobelia |
| Lobularia maritima | | Brassicaceae | Sweet Alyssum |
| Lolium perenne | Lolium boucheanum, Lolium marschallii | Poaceae | Perennial Ryegrass |
| Lolium temulentum | | Poaceae | Darnel Ryegrass |
| Lomatogonium carinthiacum | Swertia carinthiaca, Pleurogyne carinata | Gentianaceae | Blue Feltwort |
| Lomelosia speciosa | Scabiosa speciosa | Caprifoliaceae | Showy Scabious |
| Lonicera acuminata | | Caprifoliaceae | Vine Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera hypoleuca | | Caprifoliaceae | Yellow Himalayan Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera japonica | | Caprifoliaceae | Japanese Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera obovata | Lonicera parvifolia | Caprifoliaceae | Blueberry Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera periclymenum 'Serotina' | | Caprifoliaceae | Dutch Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera quinquelocularis | Lonicera translucens | Caprifoliaceae | Translucent Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera spinosa | Xylosteon spinosum | Caprifoliaceae | Spiny Honeysuckle |
| Lonicera webbiana | Lonicera adenophora, Lonicera oxyphylla, Lonicera alpigena | Caprifoliaceae | Webb's Honeysuckle |
| Loranthus cordifolius | Scurrula cordifolia | Loranthaceae | Heart-Leaf Mistletoe |
| Lotus corniculatus | | Fabaceae | Common Birdsfoot Trefoil |
| Luculia grandifolia | | Rubiaceae | White Luculia |
| Luculia gratissima | Mussaenda luculia, Cinchona gratissima | Rubiaceae | Pleasant Luculia |
| Luculia pinceana | | Rubiaceae | Pince's Luculia |
| Ludwigia adscendens | Jussiaea repens, Jussiaea adscendens | Onagraceae | Water Primrose |
| Ludwigia hyssopifolia | Jussiaea hyssopifolia, Ludwigia micrantha | Onagraceae | Hyssop-Leaved Water Primrose |
| Ludwigia octovalvis | Ludwigia octovalvis subsp. sessiliflora, Ludwigia angustifolia | Onagraceae | Willow Primrose |
| Ludwigia sedioides | Jussiaea sedoides | Onagraceae | Mosaic Flower |
| Luffa acutangula | Luffa acutangula var. amara, Luffa amara | Cucurbitaceae | Bitter Luffa |
| Luffa acutangula | | Cucurbitaceae | Ribbed Sponge Gourd |
| Luffa aegyptiaca | Cucurbita luffa, Luffa cylindrica, Luffa pentandra, Momordica cylindrica | Cucurbitaceae | Sponge Gourd |
| Luffa echinata | | Cucurbitaceae | Bitter Sponge Gourd |
| Luisia tenuifolia | Cymbidium tenuifolium, Luisia evangelinae, Luisia birchea | Orchidaceae | Slender-Leaved Luisia |
| Lumnitzera littorea | | Combretaceae | Red Teruntum |
| Lumnitzera racemosa | Bruguiera madagascariensis, Petaloma alternifolia | Combretaceae | Black Mangrove |
| Lunaria annua | | Brassicaceae | Honesty |
| Lupinus spp. | | Fabaceae | Lupin |
| Luvunga eleutherandra | | Rutaceae | South Indian Lavang Lata |
| Luvunga scandens | Limonia scandens | Rutaceae | Lavang Lata |
| Lycianthes rantonnetii | Solanum rantonnettii | Solanaceae | Blue Potato Bush |
| Lycium edgeworthii | Lycium indicum, Lycium europeum | Solanaceae | Indian Box Thorn |
| Lycium ruthenicum | | Solanaceae | Russian Box Thorn |
| Lycopersicon esculentum | | Solanaceae | Tomato |
| Lycoris aurea | | Amaryllidaceae | Golden Spider Lily |
| Lyonia ovalifolia | Xolisma ovalifolia, Pieris ovalifolia, Andromeda ovalifoli | Ericaceae | Oval Leaved Staggerbush |
| Lyonia villosa | Pieris villosa | Ericaceae | Hairy Staggerbush |
| Lysimachia alternifolia | Lysimachia glandulosa, Lysimachia tetragona | Primulaceae | Himalayan Yellow Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia japonica | | Primulaceae | Japanese Yellow Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia lobelioides | | Primulaceae | Lobelia Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia maritima | Glaux maritima | Primulaceae | Sea Milkwort |
| Lysimachia obovata | | Primulaceae | Manipur Loosestrife |
| Lysimachia pyramidalis | Anagallis multangularis, Lysimachia heterophylla | Primulaceae | Pyramidal Loosestrife |
| Lythrum salicaria | Lythrum argyi, Lythrum anceps | Lythraceae | Purple Loosestrife |
| Macaranga peltata | Macaranga roxburghii, Tanarius peltatus, Mappa peltata | Euphorbiaceae | Chandada |
| Mackenziea integrifolia | Endopogon integrifolius, Leptacanthus alatus, Strobilanthes perfoliatus | Acanthaceae | Wayti |
| Maclura cochinchinensis | Vanieria cochinchinensis, Cudrania javanensis, Cudrania cochinchinensis | Moraceae | Cockspur Thorn |
| Macroptilium lathyroides | Phaseolus lathyroides, Phaseolus semierectus, Macroptilium lathyroides var. semierectum | Fabaceae | Cow Pea |
| Macrosolen capitellatus | Loranthus capitellatus | Loranthaceae | South Indian Mistletoe |
| Macrosolen parasiticus | Lonicera parasitica, Loranthus loniceroides | Loranthaceae | Parasite Honeysuckle |
| Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia | Bassia latifolia, Illipe latifolia, Madhuca indica, Madhuca latifolia | Sapotaceae | Mahua |
| Madhuca longifolia var. longifolia | | Sapotaceae | South Indian Mahua |
| Madhuca neriifolia | Madhuca malabarica, Basia malabarica, Illipe malabarica | Sapotaceae | Illipe Butter Tree |
| Maerua arenaria | Maerua ovalifolia, Maerua scabra, Niebuhria arenaria | Capparaceae | Desert Maerua |
| Maesa indica | Baeobotrys indica, Maesa dubia, Maesa indica var. perrottetiana | Myrsinaceae | Wild Berry |
| Maesa montana | Maesa formosana, Maesa martinii, Maesa henryi | Myrsinaceae | Mountain Maesa |
| Magnolia campbelli | | Magnoliaceae | Campbell's Magnolia |
| Magnolia champaca | Michelia champaca | Magnoliaceae | Champa |
| Magnolia champaca | Michelia champaca | Magnoliaceae | Golden Champa |
| Magnolia coco | | Magnoliaceae | Dwarf Magnolia |
| Magnolia doltsopa | Michelia doltsopa, Magnolia excelsa, Michelia manipurensis | Magnoliaceae | Temple Magnolia |
| Magnolia figo | Magnolia annonifolia, Michelia figo, Liriodendron figo | Magnoliaceae | Banana Shrub |
| Magnolia grandiflora | | Magnoliaceae | Magnolia |
| Magnolia liliifera | Talauma candollei | Magnoliaceae | Egg Magnolia |
| Magnolia liliiflora | Magnolia lilliflora | Magnoliaceae | Lily Magnolia |
| Magnolia x soulangiana | | Magnoliaceae | Saucer Magnolia |
| Mahonia napaulensis | | Berberidaceae | Nepal Mahonia |
| Maianthemum purpureum | Smilacina purpurea, Smilacina pallida, Smilacina purpurea f. albiflora | Asparagaceae | Himalayan Mayflower |
| Maianthemum purpureum | Smilacina purpurea, Smilacina pallida, Smilacina purpurea var. albiflora | Asparagaceae | Purple Mayflower |
| Majidea zanguebarica | Majidea zanquebarica, Harpullia zanguebarica | Sapindaceae | Black Pearl Tree |
| Malachra capitata | Sida capitata | Malvaceae | Brazil Jute |
| Malaxis acuminata | Microstylis wallichii | Orchidaceae | Jeevak |
| Malaxis cylindrostachya | Dienia cylindrostachya, Microstylis cylindrostachya | Orchidaceae | Adder Mouth Orchid |
| Malaxis muscifera | Microstylis muscifera, Dienia muscifera | Orchidaceae | Fly Bearing Malaxis |
| Malaxis versicolor | Microstylis versicolor, Seidenfia versicolor, Liparis priochilus | Orchidaceae | Colorful Malaxis |
| Malcolmia africana | Strigosella africana, Malcolmia laxa, Crucifera africana | Brassicaceae | African Mustard |
| Mallotus aureopunctatus | Rottlera aureo-punctata | Euphorbiaceae | Yellow-Spotted Kamala |
| Mallotus nudiflorus | Trewia nudiflora | Euphorbiaceae | False White Teak |
| Mallotus philippensis | | Euphorbiaceae | Kamala Tree |
| Mallotus resinosus | Mallotus stenanthus, Mallotus muricatus, Mallotus viridis | Euphorbiaceae | Resinous Kamala |
| Mallotus rhamnifolius | Croton reticulatus, Croton nervosus, Mallotus micranthus | Euphorbiaceae | Buckthorn-Leaved Kamala |
| Malpighia coccigera | | Malpighiaceae | Miniature Holly |
| Malpighia glabra | | Malpighiaceae | Barbados Cherry |
| Malus domestica | | Rosaceae | Apple |
| Malus sikkimensis | Pyrus pashia var. sikkimensis, Pyrus sikkimensis | Rosaceae | Sikkim Crabapple |
| Malva microcarpa | Malva parviflora var. microcarpa | Malvaceae | Least Mallow |
| Malva neglecta | Malva rotundifolia | Malvaceae | Common Mallow |
| Malva pusilla | Malva rotundifolia, Malva borealis | Malvaceae | Small Mallow |
| Malvastrum coromandelianum | Malva coromandeliana, Malvastrum tricuspidatum | Malvaceae | False Mallow |
| Malva sylvestris | | Malvaceae | High Mallow |
| Malva verticillata | Malva crispa, Althaea crispa, Malva meluca, Malva mohileviensis | Malvaceae | Chinese Mallow |
| Malvaviscus arboreus var. arboreus | Malvaviscus arboreus var. mexicanus | Malvaceae | Sleeping Hibiscus |
| Malvaviscus arboreus var. drummondii | Malvaviscus drummondii | Malvaceae | Wax Mallow |
| Malvaviscus penduliflorus | | Malvaceae | Pendulous Sleeping Hibiscus |
| Mammea suriga | Calophyllum suriga | Clusiaceae | Surangi |
| Mammillaria geminispina | Cactus geminispinus, Neomammillaria geminispina | Cactaceae | Twin-Spined Cactus |
| Mammillaria haageana subsp. elegans | Mammillaria elegans | Cactaceae | Elegant Nipple Cactus |
| Mammillaria longimamma | | Cactaceae | Nipple Cactus |
| Mammillaria plumosa | Ebnerella plumosa, Chilita plumosa | Cactaceae | Feather Cactus |
| Mammillaria pseudoperbella | | Cactaceae | Pretty Nipple Cactus |
| Mandragora caulescens | | Solanaceae | Himalayan Mandrake |
| Mandragora officinarum | | Solanaceae | Mandrake |
| Mangifera indica | | Anacardiaceae | Mango |
| Manihot esculenta | Jatropha manihot, Jatropha dulcis | Euphorbiaceae | Tapioca |
| Manilkara hexandra | Mimusops hexandra | Sapotaceae | Ceylon Iron Wood |
| Manilkara littoralis | Mimusops littoralis, Mimusops indica, Kaukenia littoralis | Sapotaceae | Andaman Bullet-Wood |
| Manilkara zapota | | Sapotaceae | Chikoo |
| Mansoa alliacea | Bignonia alliacea, Pseudocalymma alliaceum, Adenocalymma alliaceum | Bignoniaceae | Garlic Vine |
| Maranta leuconeura | | Marantaceae | Prayer Plant |
| Markhamia lutea | | Bignoniaceae | Markhamia |
| Marrubium vulgare | | Lamiaceae | White Horehound |
| Marsdenia tenacissima | Asclepias tenacissima, Pergularia tenacissima | Asclepiadaceae | Rajmahal Hemp |
| Martynia annua | | Martyniaceae | Devils Claws |
| Matricaria aurea | Chamomilla aurea, Cotula aurea | Asteraceae | Golden Chamomile |
| Matricaria chamomilla | Chamomilla recutita | Asteraceae | Chamomilla |
| Matricaria matricarioides | Chamomilla discoidea, Matricaria discoidea, Cotula matricarioides | Asteraceae | Pineapple Weed |
| Matthiola chorassanica | Matthiola integrifolia, Matthiola tenera, Matthiola flavida | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Stock |
| Matthiola incana | | Brassicaceae | Garden Stock |
| Maytenus puberula | Gymnosporia puberula, Gymnosporia konkanensis | Celastraceae | Konkan Spike Thorn |
| Maytenus rothiana | Catha rothiana, Gymnosporia rothiana | Celastraceae | Roth's Spike Thorn |
| Mazus pumilus | | Scrophulariaceae | Asian Mazus |
| Mazus surculosus | Mazus harmandii | Scrophulariaceae | Suckering Mazus |
| Mecardonia procumbens | Bacopa procumbens, Erinus procumbens | Scrophulariaceae | Baby Jump Up |
| Meconopsis aculeata | | Papaveraceae | Blue Poppy |
| Meconopsis bella | | Papaveraceae | Pretty Blue Poppy |
| Meconopsis dhwojii | | Papaveraceae | Himalayan Yellow Poppy |
| Meconopsis paniculata | Papaver paniculatum | Papaveraceae | Panicled Yellow Poppy |
| Meconopsis simplicifolia | | Papaveraceae | Common Blue Poppy |
| Meconopsis villosa | Cathcartia villosa | Papaveraceae | Himalayan Woodland Poppy |
| Medicago falcata | Medicago aurantiaca, Medicago borealis, Medicago procumbens | Fabaceae | Sickle Medick |
| Medicago laciniata | | Fabaceae | Cutleaf Medick |
| Medicago lupulina | | Fabaceae | Black Medic |
| Medicago monantha | Trigonella monantha, Trigonella incisa, Trigonella noeana | Fabaceae | Medick |
| Medicago polymorpha var. polymorpha | Medicago denticulata | Fabaceae | Bur Clover |
| Medicago sativa | | Fabaceae | Alfalfa |
| Megaskepasma erythrochlamys | | Acanthaceae | Brazilian Red Cloak |
| Melaleuca bracteata | Melaleuca genistifolia, Melaleuca monticola | Myrtaceae | Golden Bottle Brush |
| Melaleuca leucadendron | | Myrtaceae | Cajuput Tree |
| Melaleuca styphelioides | | Myristicaceae | Prickly Paperbark |
| Melampodium divaricatum | Dysodium divaricatum, Melampodium paludosum | Asteraceae | Butter Daisy |
| Melanocenchris abyssinica | Melanocenchris plumosa, Eutriana abyssinica | Poaceae | Ethiopian Black Millet |
| Melanthera biflora | Wedelia biflora, Wollastonia biflora | Asteraceae | Sea Daisy |
| Melastoma malabathricum ssp. malabathricum | | Melastomataceae | Malabar Melastome |
| Melastoma malabathricum subsp.normale | Melastoma normale | Melastomataceae | Himalayan Melastome |
| Melia azedarach | Melia azedarach var. japonica, Melia toosendan | Meliaceae | Persian Lilac |
| Melicope lunu-ankenda | Zanthoxylum roxburghianum, Euodia lunu-ankenda, Evodia roxburghiana | Rutaceae | Melicope |
| Melilotus alba | | Fabaceae | White Sweet Clover |
| Melilotus indica | Trifolium indicum, Melilotus parviflorus | Fabaceae | Indian Sweet Clover |
| Melilotus officinalis | | Fabaceae | Yellow Sweet Clover |
| Melinis repens | Saccharum repens, Rhynchelytrum repens, Tricholaena rosea | Poaceae | Natal Grass |
| Melocanna baccifera | Bambusa baccifera, Melocanna baccifera, Melocanna bambusoides | Poaceae | Muli Bamboo |
| Melochia corchorifolia | | Sterculiaceae | Chocolate Weed |
| Melochia pyramidata | | Sterculiaceae | Pyramid Flower |
| Memecylon terminale | Memecylon amabile | Melastomataceae | Smallest Indian Memecylon |
| Memecylon umbellatum | Memecylon edule | Melastomataceae | Ironwood Tree |
| Mentha arvensis | Mentha parietariifolia, Calamintha arvensis | Lamiaceae | Field Mint |
| Mentha longifolia | Mentha spicata var. longifolia, Mentha spicata subsp. longifolia | Lamiaceae | Horse Mint |
| Mentha × piperita | Mentha piperata, Mentha piperita | Lamiaceae | Peppermint |
| Mentha pulegium | Pulegium vulgare, Thymus bidentatus, Mentha aromatica | Lamiaceae | European Pennyroyal |
| Mentha royleana | Mentha longifolia subsp. royleana, Mentha sylvestris var. royleana | Lamiaceae | Royle's Mint |
| Mentha spicata subsp. spicata | Mentha crispa, Mentha viridis, Mentha sylvestris var. glabra | Lamiaceae | Pudina |
| Mentha spicata | | Lamiaceae | Spearmint |
| Meriandra benghalensis | Salvia bengalensis | Lamiaceae | Bengal Sage |
| Meriandra strobilifera | | Lamiaceae | Cone-Bearing Sage |
| Merremia gangetica | Merremia emarginata, Convolvulus reniformis, Ipomoea reniformis | Convolvulaceae | Kidney Leaf Morning Glory |
| Merremia hederacea | Evolvulus hederaceus, Ipomoea chryseides, Merremia chryseides, Merremia convolvulacea | Convolvulaceae | Ivy Woodrose |
| Merremia quinquefolia | Ipomoea quinquefolia, Convolvulus quinquefolia | Convolvulaceae | Five-Fingered Morning Glory |
| Merremia umbellata | Convolvulus umbellatus, Ipomoea cymosa, Ipomoea polyanthes | Convolvulaceae | Hogvine |
| Merremia umbellata | Convolvulus umbellatus, Ipomoea cymosa, Ipomoea polyanthes | Convolvulaceae | Yellow Hogvine |
| Merremia vitifolia | Convolvulus vitifolius, Ipomoea vitifolia | Convolvulaceae | Grape-leaf Wood Rose |
| Mesua ferrea | | Clusiaceae | Nag Kesar |
| Meyna laxiflora | Vangueria spinosa | Rubiaceae | Muyna |
| Microcos paniculata | Grewia microcos | Tiliaceae | Shiral |
| Microgynoecium tibeticum | | Chenopodiaceae | Tibetan Goosefoot |
| Micromeria biflora | Thymus biflorus, Satureja biflora, Clinopodium biflorum | Lamiaceae | Lemon Savory |
| Microstachys chamaelea | Tragia chamaelea, Sebastiana chamaelea | Euphorbiaceae | Creeping Sebastiana |
| Microtoena patchoulii | Microtoena cymosa, Plectranthus patchoulii | Lamiaceae | Assam Patchouli |
| Microula sikkimensis | Anchusa sikkimensi, Tretocarya sikkimensis | Boraginaceae | Sikkim Microula |
| Mikania micrantha | Mikania cordata var. indica | Asteraceae | Climbing Hempweed |
| Millettia peguensis | Pongamia ovalifolia, Millettia ovalifolia | Fabaceae | Moulmein Rosewood |
| Millingtonia hortensis | | Bignoniaceae | Indian Cork Tree |
| Mimosa hamata | Mimosa armata | Mimosaceae | Hooked Mimosa |
| Mimosa pudica | | Mimosaceae | Touch Me Not |
| Mimosa rubicaulis | | Mimosaceae | Himalayan Mimosa |
| Mimulus hybrid | | Scrophulariaceae | Monkey Flower hybrid |
| Mimulus lewisii | | Scrophulariaceae | Monkey Flower purple |
| Mimulus nepalensis | Mimulus assamicus | Scrophulariaceae | Nepal Monkey Flower |
| Mimusops elengi | | Sapotaceae | Maulsari |
| Mirabilis jalapa | | Nyctaginaceae | Four O'clock |
| Miscanthus nudipes | Erianthus nudipes, Diandranthus aristatus, Miscanthus brevipilus | Poaceae | Pink Fairy Grass |
| Misopates orontium | Antirrhinum orontium | Plantaginaceae | Corn Snapdragon |
| Mitragyna parvifolia | | Rubiaceae | Kaim |
| Mitreola petiolata | Ophiorrhiza mitreola, Cynoctonum mitreola, Mitreola paniculata | Loganiaceae | Lax Hornpod |
| Mokara spp. | | Orchidaceae | Mokara Orchid |
| Mokara spp. | | Orchidaceae | Mokara Red |
| Molineria capitulata | Curculigo capitulata, Curculigo glabra, Molineria hortensis | Hypoxidaceae | Palm Grass |
| Mollugo pentaphylla | Mollugo stricta | Molluginaceae | Five Leaved Carpetweed |
| Molucca laevis | | Acanthaceae | Bells of Ireland |
| Momordica charantia | Momordica muricata, Momordica zeylanica | Cucurbitaceae | Bitter Gourd |
| Momordica cochinchinensis | | Cucurbitaceae | Chinese Cucumber |
| Momordica dioica | | Cucurbitaceae | Ban Karela |
| Monochoria hastata | | Pontederiaceae | Arrow Leaf Pondweed |
| Monochoria vaginalis | | Pontederiaceae | Oval Leaf Pondweed |
| Monotropa uniflora | | Ericaceae | Indian Pipe |
| Monstera deliciosa | | Araceae | Split Leaf Philodendron |
| Montanoa grandiflora | Eriocoma hartwegiana | Asteraceae | Tree Daisy |
| Morina coulteriana | Morina brevifolia | Caprifoliaceae | Yellow Whorlflower |
| Morina longifolia | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Whorlflower |
| Morinda citrifolia | | Rubiaceae | Great Morinda |
| Morinda pubescens | Morinda tinctoria, Morinda tomentosa, Morinda tinctoria var. tomentosa | Rubiaceae | Indian Mulberry |
| Moringa concanensis | | Moringaceae | Konkan Moringa |
| Moringa oleifera | | Moringaceae | Drumstick Tree |
| Morus alba | | Moraceae | White Mulberry |
| Morus macroura | Morus alba var. laevigata, Morus laevigata | Moraceae | Himalayan Mulberry |
| Moullava spicata | Wagatea spicata, Caesalpinia spicata | Caesalpiniaceae | Candy Corn Plant |
| Mucuna monosperma | Stizolobium rugosum | Fabaceae | Negro Bean |
| Mucuna pruriens | | Fabaceae | Velvet Bean |
| Muehlenbeckia platyclados | Homalocladium platycladum, Polygonum platycladum | Polygonaceae | Tapeworm Plant |
| Muhlenbergia capillaris | | Poaceae | Pink Mist Grass |
| Mulgedium tataricum | Lactuca tatarica, Lactuca multipes, Lagedium tataricum | Asteraceae | Blue Lettuce |
| Mundulea sericea | Tephrosia sericea, Robinia suberosa, Dalbergia sericea | Fabaceae | Cork Bush |
| Muntingia calabura | | Elaeocarpaceae | Jamaica Cherry |
| Murdannia edulis | Commelina edulis, Murdannia scapiflora, Commelina scapiflora | Commelinaceae | Edible Dewflower |
| Murdannia lanuginosa | | Commelinaceae | Marsh Dewflower |
| Murdannia nudiflora | Commelina nudiflora, Aneilema nudiflorum, Ditelesia nudiflora | Commelinaceae | Naked-Stem Dewflower |
| Murdannia pauciflora | Phaeneilema pauciflorum, Murdannia wightii | Commelinaceae | Few Flowered Dewflower |
| Murdannia semiteres | Aneilema semiteres, Dichaespermum semiteres, Murdannia paniculata | Commelinaceae | Panicled Dewflower |
| Murdannia spirata | Commelina spirata, Aneilema spiratum, Aphylax spiralis | Commelinaceae | Asiatic Dewflower |
| Murdannia striatipetala | | Commelinaceae | Striped Dewflower |
| Murdannia versicolor | Aneilema versicolor, Phaeneilema versicolor | Commelinaceae | Changing Color Dewflower |
| Murraya paniculata | Murraya exotica | Rutaceae | Kamini |
| Musa coccinea | Musa uranoscopos | Musaceae | Scarlet Banana |
| Musa ornata | Musa mexicana | Musaceae | Bronze Banana |
| Musa paradisiaca | | Musaceae | Banana |
| Musa velutina | | Musaceae | Velvet Pink Banana |
| Muscari armeniacum | | Asparagaceae | Grape Hyacinth |
| Mussaenda erythrophylla | | Rubiaceae | Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda glabrata | Mussaenda frondosa var. glabrata | Rubiaceae | Dhobi Tree |
| Mussaenda 'Marmalade' | | Rubiaceae | Marmalade Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda philippica | Mussaenda grandiflora | Rubiaceae | White Mussaenda |
| Mussaenda roxburghii | | Rubiaceae | Himalayan Mussaenda |
| Myosotis alpestris | | Boraginaceae | Alpine Forget-Me-Not |
| Myosoton aquaticum | Cerastium aquaticum, Stellaria aquatica | Caryophyllaceae | Water Chickweed |
| Myriactis nepalensis | Dichrocephala leveillei, Myriactis javanica var. diengensis | Asteraceae | Nepal Myriactis |
| Myriactis wallichii | Myriactis gmelinii, Botryadenia gmelini | Asteraceae | Wallich's Myriactis |
| Myriactis wightii | Myriactis javanica, Bellis pilosa, Myriactis pilosa | Asteraceae | Wight's Myriactis |
| Myricaria bracteata | Myricaria alopecuroides, Myricaria germanica var. bracteata | Tamaricaceae | Kashmir False Tamarisk |
| Myricaria elegans | Myrtama elegans, Tamaricaria elegans | Tamaricaceae | Elegant False Tamarisk |
| Myricaria rosea | Myricaria prostrata | Tamaricaceae | Rosy False Tamarisk |
| Myristica dactyloides | | Myristicaceae | Bitter Nutmeg |
| Myristica fragrans | Myristica aromatica, Myristica moschata, Myristica officinalis | Myristicaceae | Nutmeg |
| Myristica malabarica | | Myristicaceae | Malabar Nutmeg |
| Myrsine africana | | Myrsinaceae | Cape Myrtle |
| Myrsine semiserrata | Myrsine semiserrata var. brachypoda | Myrsinaceae | Blueberry Myrtle |
| Myrtus communis | | Myrtaceae | True Myrtle |
| Nandina domestica | | Berberidaceae | Sacred Bamboo |
| Nanothamnus sericeus | | Asteraceae | Silky Dwarf Bush |
| Narcissus pseudonarcissus | | Amaryllidaceae | Wild Daffodil |
| Narcissus tazetta | | Amaryllidaceae | Nargis |
| Naregamia alata | | Meliaceae | Goanese Ipecac |
| Nasturtium officinale | Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum | Brassicaceae | Watercress |
| Neanotis lancifolia | Hedyotis lancifolia, Oldenlandia lancifolia | Rubiaceae | Starviolet |
| Neanotis montholonii | | Rubiaceae | Montholon's Starviolet |
| Neanotis sahyadrica | | Rubiaceae | Sahyadri Neanotis |
| Nelsonia canescens | Justicia canescens, Justicia brunelloides, Nelsonia brunelloides | Acanthaceae | Blue Pussyleaf |
| Nelumbo nucifera | Nelumbium speciosum | Nelumbonaceae | Lotus |
| Nemesia strumosa | | Scrophulariaceae | Nemesia |
| Neolamarckia cadamba | Anthocephalus cadamba, Anthocephalus indicus | Rubiaceae | Kadam |
| Neomarica gracilis | | Iridaceae | Walking Iris |
| Neomarica longifolia | Marica longifolia, Cypella longifolia, Cipura longifolia | Iridaceae | Yellow Walking Iris |
| Neonotonia wightii | Glycine javanica, Glycine wightii, Notonia wightii | Fabaceae | Perennial Soybean |
| Neoregelia concentrica | | Bromeliaceae | Concentric Neoregelia |
| Neottia listeroides | Neottia lindleyana, Listera lindleyana, Nidus listeroides | Orchidaceae | Listera-Like Neottia |
| Nepenthes khasiana | | Nepenthaceae | Indian Pitcher Plant |
| Nepeta cataria | | Lamiaceae | Catnip |
| Nepeta connata | | Lamiaceae | Violet Himalayan Catmint |
| Nepeta elliptica | Nepeta polystachya | Lamiaceae | Elliptic-Leaved Catmint |
| Nepeta erecta | | Lamiaceae | Erect Catmint |
| Nepeta floccosa | | Lamiaceae | Woolly Catmint |
| Nepeta govaniana | Dracocephalum govanianum | Lamiaceae | Yellow Catmint |
| Nepeta hindostana | Glechoma hindostana | Lamiaceae | North Indian Catmint |
| Nepeta laevigata | Betonica laevigata, Nepeta spicata, Nepeta nuristanica | Lamiaceae | Smooth Catmint |
| Nepeta leucolaena | Nepeta royleana, Nepeta salviifolia, Nepeta stewartii | Lamiaceae | Salvia-Leaved Catmint |
| Nepeta leucophylla | | Lamiaceae | White Leaved Catmint |
| Nepeta linearis | Glechoma linearis | Lamiaceae | Narrow-Leaved Catmint |
| Nepeta podostachys | | Lamiaceae | Long Stalked Catmint |
| Nepeta spp. | | Lamiaceae | Pink Catmint |
| Neptunia oleracea | Neptunia natans, Neptunia prostrata | Mimosaceae | Sensitive Water Plant |
| Neptunia triquetra | Desmanthus triquetris, Desmanthus triquetrus, Mimosa triquetra | Mimosaceae | Yellow Sensitive Plant |
| Nerine sarniensis | | Amaryllidaceae | Red Nerine Lily |
| Nerium oleander | Nerium indicum | Apocynaceae | Oleander |
| Nervilia aragoana | | Orchidaceae | Aragoa-Like Nervilia |
| Nervilia crociformis | Bolborchis crociformis, Pogonia crispata, Nervilia crispata, Nervilia fimbriata | Orchidaceae | Trembling Nervilia |
| Nervilia infundibulifolia | Nervilia hallbergii, Nervilia calcicola | Orchidaceae | Funnel-Leaf Nervilia |
| Nervilia plicata | Nervilia discolor, Nervilia purpurea, Nervilia biflora | Orchidaceae | Pleated Leaf Nervillia |
| Nesphostylis bracteata | Dolichos bracteatus, Dolichos ghaticus, Sphenostylis bracteata | Fabaceae | Indian Nesphostylis |
| Neuracanthus sphaerostachyus | | Acanthaceae | Pin Cushion Plant |
| Neuracanthus trinervius | | Acanthaceae | Nilgonda |
| Neurotropis platycarpa | Thlaspi kotschyanum, Thlaspi brevicaule, Thlaspi cardiocarpum | Brassicaceae | Heart-Pod Penny-Cress |
| Nicandra physaloides | | Solanaceae | Shoofly Plant |
| Nicotiana alata | | Solanaceae | Flowering Tobacco red |
| Nicotiana plumbaginifolia | | Solanaceae | Tex-Mex Tobacco |
| Nicotiana rustica | | Solanaceae | Aztec Tobacco |
| Nicotiana tabacum | | Solanaceae | Tobacco |
| Nicotiana x sanderae | | Solanaceae | Flowering Tobacco salmon |
| Nigella damascena | | Ranunculaceae | Devil-in-the-Bush |
| Nilgirianthus heyneanus | Strobilanthes heyneanus | Acanthaceae | Karun Kurinji |
| Nilgirianthus reticulatus | Strobilanthes reticulatus | Acanthaceae | Hill Conehead |
| Noccaea andersonii | Iberidella andersonii, Thlaspi andersonii | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Penny-Cress |
| Nomocharis oxypetala | Lilium oxypetalum, Fritillaria oxypetala | Liliaceae | Yellow Himalayan Lily |
| Nothapodytes nimmoniana | Mappia foetida, Nothapodytes foetida, Stemonurus foetidus, Premna nimmoniana | Icacinaceae | Ghanera |
| Notholirion thomsonianum | Lilium thomsonianum, Lilium roseum, Fritillaria thomsoniana | Liliaceae | Rosy Himalayan Lily |
| Nyctanthes arbor-tristis | | Oleaceae | Har Singar |
| Nymphaea alba | Castalia alba, Nymphaea venusta, Nymphaea splendens | Nymphaeaceae | Nilofar |
| Nymphaea mexicana | | Nymphaeaceae | Yellow Waterlily |
| Nymphaea nouchali | Nymphaea stellata, Nymphaea cyanea, Nymphaea edgeworthii | Nymphaeaceae | Blue Water Lily |
| Nymphaea 'Panama Pacific' | | Nymphaeaceae | Tropical Water Lily |
| Nymphaea pubescens | Nymphaea lotus var. pubescens, Nymphaea purpurea, Nymphaea esculenta | Nymphaeaceae | Pink Water Lily |
| Nymphaea pubescens | Nymphaea lotus var. pubescens, Nymphaea purpurea, Nymphaea esculenta | Nymphaeaceae | White Water Lily |
| Nymphaea pygmaea 'Rubra' | Castalia pygmaea, Nymphaea tetragona var. orientalis | Nymphaeaceae | Red Pygmy Water Lily |
| Nymphaea rubra | Nymphaea rosea, Leuconymphaea rubra, Nymphaea magnifica | Nymphaeaceae | Red Water Lily |
| Nymphoides hydrophylla | Menyanthes hydrophylla, Nymphoides cristata, Limnanthemum cristatum | Menyanthaceae | Crested Floatingheart |
| Nymphoides indica | Nymphoides humboldtiana, Nymphoides indicum | Menyanthaceae | Water Snowflake |
| Nymphoides peltata | Limnanthemum peltatum, Nymphoides flava, Nymphoides natans | Menyanthaceae | Yellow Floating Heart |
| Oberonia acaulis | Iridorkis myriantha, Malaxis myriantha, Malaxis sikkimensis | Orchidaceae | Stem-Less Oberonia |
| Oberonia ensiformis | Iridorkis ensiformis, Malaxis ensiformis, Oberonia trilobata | Orchidaceae | Sword-Leaf Oberonia |
| Oberonia falconeri | | Orchidaceae | Falconer's Oberonia |
| Oberonia mucronata | Stelis mucronata, Oberonia iridifolia, Malaxis denticulata | Orchidaceae | Iris Leaf Oberonia |
| Oberonia myosurus | Dendrobium myosurus, Malaxis myosurus, Iridorkis myosurus | Orchidaceae | Mousetail Oberonia |
| Oberonia pachyrachis | Iridorkis pachyrachis, Oberonia orbicularis, Iridorkis orbicularis | Orchidaceae | Thick Spine Oberonia |
| Oberonia prainiana | Oberonia brunnescens | Orchidaceae | Prain's Oberonia |
| Ochna obtusata | Ochna squarrosa | Ochnaceae | Ramdhan Champa |
| Ochna wightiana | Ochna heyneana | Ochnaceae | Mickey Mouse Plant |
| Ocimum americanum | Ocimum canum | Lamiaceae | Hoary Basil |
| Ocimum basilicum | | Lamiaceae | Basil |
| Ocimum gratissimum | Ocimum suave, Ocimum viride, Ocimum viridiflorum | Lamiaceae | Ram Tulsi |
| Ocimum tenuiflorum | Ocimum sanctum | Lamiaceae | Tulsi |
| Oclemena nemoralis | | Asteraceae | Bog Aster |
| Odontonema strictum | | Acanthaceae | Firespike |
| Oenanthe javanica | | Apiaceae | Water Dropwort |
| Oenanthe thomsonii | | Apiaceae | Thomson's Water Dropwort |
| Oenothera biennis | | Onagraceae | Evening Primrose |
| Oenothera elata ssp. hookeri | Oenothera biennis var. hookeri, Oenothera hookeri | Onagraceae | Hooker's Evening Primrose |
| Oenothera glazioviana | Oenothera erythrosepala, Oenothera gigas, Oenothera blandina | Onagraceae | Redsepal Evening Primrose |
| Oenothera rosea | | Onagraceae | Pink Evening Primrose |
| Olax imbricata | Olax wightiana, Ximenia olacoides | Olacaceae | South Asian Olax |
| Oldenlandia corymbosa | Hedyotis corymbosa | Rubiaceae | Diamond Flower |
| Oldenlandia herbacea | Hedyotis herbacea | Rubiaceae | Slender Oldenlandia |
| Oldenlandia ovatifolia | Hedyotis ovatifolia, Oldenlandia rosettifolia | Rubiaceae | Ovate-Leaf Snake-Needle Grass |
| Olea dioica | | Oleaceae | Rose Sandalwood |
| Olimarabidopsis pumila | Arabidopsis pumila | Brassicaceae | Dwarf Rocket |
| Oncidium flexuosum | | Orchidaceae | Dancing Doll Orchid |
| Oncidium 'Goldiana' | | Orchidaceae | Oncidium Goldiana |
| Oncoba spinosa | | Flacourtiaceae | Fried Egg Tree |
| Onopordum acanthium | | Asteraceae | Cotton Thistle |
| Onosma thomsonii | | Boraginaceae | Thomson's Onosma |
| Operculina turpethum | Merremia turpethum, Ipomoea turpethum | Convolvulaceae | Transparent Wood Rose |
| Ophelia alata | Swertia alata, Agathotes alata | Gentianaceae | Winged-Stem Swertia |
| Ophiopogon intermedius | | Liliaceae | Himalayan Lily Turf |
| Ophiopogon jaburan 'Variegata' | | Liliaceae | Giant Lily Turf |
| Ophiorrhiza fasciculata | Ophiorrhiza bracteolata, Virecta fasciculata, Virecta suffruticosa | Rubiaceae | Tiny White Bells |
| Oplismenus burmannii | | Poaceae | Wavy-Leaf Basketgrass |
| Opuntia cochenillifera | Nopalea cochenillifera, Cactus cochenillifer | Cactaceae | Cochineal Cactus |
| Opuntia elatior | Opuntia nigricans | Cactaceae | Prickly Pear |
| Opuntia macrorhiza | Opuntia delicata, Opuntia ballii, Opuntia tenuispina | Cactaceae | Delicate Prickly Pear |
| Opuntia monacantha | Opuntia vulgaris | Cactaceae | Drooping Prickly Pear |
| Opuntia tomentosa | | Cactaceae | Woollyjoint Pricklypear |
| Oreocnide integrifolia | Villebrunea integrifolia | Urticaceae | Wild Rhea |
| Oreorchis foliosa var. indica | Corallorhiza indica, Oreorchis indica | Orchidaceae | Indian Oreorchis |
| Oreorchis micrantha | Oreorchis rolfei | Orchidaceae | Small Flowered Oreorchis |
| Origanum majorana | Majorana hortensis, Majorana fragrans, Thymus majorana | Lamiaceae | Marjoram |
| Origanum vulgare | | Lamiaceae | Oregano |
| Ornithochilus difformis | Aerides difformis, Sarcochilus difformis, Trichoglottis diformis | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Bird-Lip Orchid |
| Ornithogalum thyrsoides | | Asparagaceae | Chincherinchee |
| Orobanche alba | Orobanche epithymum | Orobanchaceae | Thyme Broomrape |
| Oroxylum indicum | Bignonia indica, Calosanthes indica | Bignoniaceae | Broken Bones Tree |
| Orthosiphon aristatus | Clerodendrum spicatum, Orthosiphon spiralis, Orthosiphon stamineus | Lamiaceae | Cat's Whiskers |
| Orthosiphon pallidus | | Lamiaceae | Pale Java Tea |
| Orthosiphon rubicundus | Ocimum tuberosum, Plectranthus rubicundus | Lamiaceae | Red Java Tea |
| Oryza sativa | | Poaceae | Rice |
| Osbeckia cupularis | Osbeckia virgata | Melastomataceae | Cup Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia leschenaultiana | Osbeckia truncata, Osbeckia coronata | Melastomataceae | Leschenault's Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia muralis | Osbeckia truncata var. kurzii, Osbeckia zeylanica | Melastomataceae | Wall Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia nepalensis | Osbeckia speciosa | Melastomataceae | Nepal Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia octandra | Melastoma octandrum, Asterostoma octandra | Melastomataceae | Eight Stamen Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia reticulata | | Melastomataceae | Giant Osbeckia |
| Osbeckia stellata | | Melastomataceae | Starry Osbeckia |
| Osteospermum ecklonis | Dimorphotheca ecklonis | Asteraceae | Deep Purple African Daisy |
| Osyris quadripartita | Osyris wightiana, Osyris arborea | Santalaceae | Wild Tea |
| Otacanthus caeruleus | | Scrophulariaceae | Amazon Blue |
| Ottelia alismoides | Stratiotes alismoides | Hydrocharitaceae | Duck Lettuce |
| Oxalis corniculata | Oxalis repens | Oxalidaceae | Creeping Wood Sorrel |
| Oxalis debilis var. corymbosa | Oxalis corymbosa | Oxalidaceae | Large-Flowered Pink Sorrel |
| Oxalis hedysaroides 'Rubra' | | Oxalidaceae | Fire Fern |
| Oxalis latifolia | | Oxalidaceae | Wood Sorrel |
| Oxalis purpurea | Oxalis variabilis | Oxalidaceae | Purple Wood Sorrel |
| Oxalis stricta | | Oxalidaceae | Yellow Wood Sorrel |
| Oxalis triangularis | Acetosella triangularis | Oxalidaceae | Purple Shamrock |
| Oxyceros rugulosus | Randia rugulosa | Rubiaceae | Climbing Randia |
| Oxygraphis polypetala | Callianthemum endlicheri, Ranunculus polypetalus | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Oxygraphis |
| Oxyria digyna | Rumex digynus, Rheum digynum, Oxyria reniformis | Polygonaceae | Mountain Sorrel |
| Oxyspora paniculata | Arthrostemma paniculatum | Melastomataceae | Bristletips |
| Oxyspora vagans | | Melastomataceae | Wandering Oxyspora |
| Oxystelma esculentum | | Asclepiadaceae | Rosy Milkweed Vine |
| Oxytropis cachemiriana | | Fabaceae | Kashmir Locoweed |
| Oxytropis microphylla | Phaca microphylla, Astragalus microphyllus | Fabaceae | Small Leaved Locoweed |
| Oxytropis mollis | Oxytropis thomsonii | Fabaceae | Soft Locoweed |
| Oxytropis pusilla | | Fabaceae | Tiny Locoweed |
| Pachypodium lamerei | | Apocynaceae | Madagascar Palm |
| Pachypodium lealii | | Apocynaceae | Bottle Tree |
| Pachystachys lutea | Justicia lutea | Acanthaceae | Golden Shrimp Plant |
| Pachystachys spicata | Justicia spicata, Pachystachys coccinea, Pachystachys riedeliana | Acanthaceae | Cardinal's Guard |
| Paederia foetida | Paederia scandens, Gentiana scandens, Paederia magnifica, Paederia tomentosa | Rubiaceae | Skunk Vine |
| Paeonia emodi | | Paeoniaceae | Himalayan Peony |
| Paeonia officinalis 'Rosea Plena' | | Paeoniaceae | Rose Peony |
| Paeonia officinalis | | Pedaliaceae | Common Peony |
| Pajanelia longifolia | Bignonia longifolia, Bignonia macrostachya, Bignonia pajanelia | Bignoniaceae | Pajanelia |
| Pancratium longiflorum | Pancratium cambayense | Amaryllidaceae | Long Flowered Spider Lily |
| Pancratium parvum | | Amaryllidaceae | Forest Spider Lily |
| Pancratium triflorum | | Amaryllidaceae | Pankusum |
| Pandanus cookii | | Pandanaceae | Cook's Screw Pine |
| Pandanus furcatus | Pandanus nepalensis, Pandanus furcatus var. indica | Pandanaceae | Himalayan Screw Pine |
| Pandanus odorifer | Keura odorifera, Pandanus odoratissimus, Pandanus fascicularis | Pandanaceae | Kewda |
| Pandanus urophyllus | Pandanus furcatellus | Pandanaceae | Sikkim Screw Pine |
| Pandorea jasminoides | | Bignoniaceae | Bower Vine |
| Panicum antidotale | Panicum miliare, Panicum proliferum | Poaceae | Blue Panicgrass |
| Papaver argemone | Cerastites macrocephala | Papaveraceae | Prickly Poppy |
| Papaver bracteatum | Calomecon bracteatum | Papaveraceae | Iranian Poppy |
| Papaver dubium | Papaver modestum, Papaver hirtodubium, Papaver obtusifolium | Papaveraceae | Long-Head Poppy |
| Papaver macrostomum | | Papaveraceae | Large-Mouth Poppy |
| Papaver orientale | | Papaveraceae | Oriental Poppy red |
| Papaver orientale | | Papaveraceae | Oriental Poppy white |
| Papaver rhoeas | | Papaveraceae | Common Poppy |
| Papaver somniferum | | Papaveraceae | Opium Poppy |
| Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum | | Orchidaceae | Lady's Slipper Orchid |
| Papilionanthe teres f. candida | Vanda teres f. candida | Orchidaceae | White Cylindrical Vanda |
| Papilionanthe teres | Vanda teres | Orchidaceae | Cylindrical Vanda |
| Papilionanthe vandarum | Aerides vandarum, Vanda vandarum | Orchidaceae | Vanda-Like Papilionanthe |
| Paracalyx scariosus | Cylista scariosa | Fabaceae | Ran Ghevada |
| Paracaryposis malabarica | Paracaryum malabaricum, Adelocaryum malabaricum | Boraginaceae | Malabar Hill Borage |
| Paraquilegia microphylla | Isopyrum grandiflorum var. microphyllum | Ranunculaceae | Himalayan Spurless Columbine |
| Parietaria debilis | Parietaria gracilis, Freirea erecta, Parietaria micrantha | Urticaceae | Pellitory |
| Paris polyphylla | | Melanthiaceae | Himalayan Paris |
| Parkia biglandulosa | | Mimosaceae | Badminton Ball Tree |
| Parkia timoriana | Parkia javanica, Parkia roxburghii | Mimosaceae | Tree Bean |
| Parkinsonia aculeata | | Fabaceae | Jerusalem Thorn |
| Parmentiera cereifera | Parmentiera edulis, Crescentia aculeata | Bignoniaceae | Candle Tree |
| Parnassia nubicola | | Saxifragaceae | Himalayan Bog Star |
| Parochetus communis | | Fabaceae | Blue Oxalis |
| Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana | Parrotia jacquemontiana | Hamamelidaceae | Parrotia |
| Parsonsia alboflavescens | Parsonsia spiralis | Apocynaceae | Spiral-Vined Silkpod |
| Parthenium hysterophorus | | Asteraceae | Carrot Grass |
| Parthenocissus quinquefolia | | Vitaceae | Virginia Creeper |
| Parthenocissus semicordata | Vitis himalayana, Parthenocissus himalayana, Psedera himalayana | Vitaceae | Himalayan Woodbine |
| Parthenocissus tricuspidata | | Vitaceae | Japanese Ivy |
| Paspalidium flavidum | Panicum flavidum, Setaria flavida | Poaceae | Yellow Watercrown Grass |
| Paspalidium geminatum | Panicum geminatum, Panicum brizoides, Panicum fluians | Poaceae | Egyptian Panicgrass |
| Paspalum distichum | | Poaceae | Knot Grass |
| Passiflora caerulea | | Passifloraceae | Blue Passion Flower |
| Passiflora coccinea | | Passifloraceae | Red Passion Flower |
| Passiflora edulis | | Passifloraceae | Passion Fruit |
| Passiflora foetida | | Passifloraceae | Love in a Mist |
| Passiflora incarnata | | Passifloraceae | Purple Passion Flower |
| Passiflora 'Lady Margaret' | | Passifloraceae | Lady Margaret Passion Flower |
| Passiflora mollissima | Passiflora tomentosa var. mollissima, Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima | Passifloraceae | Banana Passion Flower |
| Passiflora suberosa | | Passifloraceae | Corky Passion Flower |
| Passiflora subpeltata | Passiflora alba | Passifloraceae | White Passion Flower |
| Passiflora vitifolia | | Passifloraceae | Perfumed Passion Flower |
| Passiflora x violacea | | Passifloraceae | Violet Passion Flower |
| Passiflora yucatanensis | | Passifloraceae | Yucatan Passion Flower |
| Paulownia fortunei | Paulownia duclouxii, Paulownia meridionalis, Paulownia mikado | Paulowniaceae | Foxglove Tree |
| Paulownia tomentosa | | Paulowniaceae | Empress Tree |
| Pavetta indica | Ixora pavetta, Ixora indica | Rubiaceae | Indian Pavetta |
| Pavetta siphonantha | Pavetta hispidula var. siphonantha | Rubiaceae | Tubeflower Pavetta |
| Pavonia odorata | | Malvaceae | Fragrant Swamp Mallow |
| Pavonia zeylanica | | Malvaceae | Ceylon Swamp Mallow |
| Pecteilis gigantea | Habenaria susannae, Habenaria gigantea, Orchis gigantea, Platanthera gigantea | Orchidaceae | Butterfly Orchid |
| Pecteilis triflora | Habenaria triflora, Habenaria uniflora, Pecteilis candida | Orchidaceae | Three Flowered Egret Orchid |
| Pedalium murex | | Pedaliaceae | Bara Gokhru |
| Pedicularis bicornuta | | Orobanchaceae | Horned Lousewort |
| Pedicularis bifida | | Orobanchaceae | Entire Leaf Lousewort |
| Pedicularis cheilanthifolia var. albida | Pedicularis albida | Orobanchaceae | White Lousewort |
| Pedicularis gracilis | | Orobanchaceae | Slender Lousewort |
| Pedicularis mollis | | Orobanchaceae | Soft Lousewort |
| Pedicularis oederi | | Orobanchaceae | Oeder's Lousewort |
| Pedicularis porrecta | | Scrophulariaceae | Paired Flower Lousewort |
| Pedicularis punctata | | Orobanchaceae | Kashmir Lousewort |
| Pedicularis pyramidata | | Orobanchaceae | Pyramid Lousewort |
| Pedicularis rhinanthoides | | Orobanchaceae | Rattle Lousewort |
| Pedicularis roylei | | Orobanchaceae | Royle's Lousewort |
| Pedicularis scullyana | | Orobanchaceae | Scully's Lousewort |
| Pedicularis siphonantha | | Orobanchaceae | Tube Lousewort |
| Pedilanthus tithymaloides | | Euphorbiaceae | Devil's Backbone |
| Pegaeophyton scapiflorum | Cochlearia scapiflorum | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Scape Flower |
| Peganum harmala | Peganum dauricum | Zygophyllaceae | Harmal |
| Pelargonium capitatum | | Geraniaceae | Rose Scented Geranium |
| Pelargonium graveolens | | Geraniaceae | Rose-Scented Geranium |
| Pelargonium rodneyanum | | Geraniaceae | Magenta Storksbill |
| Pelargonium x hortorum | | Geraniaceae | White Geranium |
| Pelargonium x hortorum | | Geraniaceae | Zonal Geranium |
| Pelatantheria insectifera | | Orchidaceae | Insect-Bearing Pelatanthera |
| Pelecyphora aselliformis | Mammillaria aselliformis, Anhalonium aselliforme, Ariocarpus aselliformis | Cactaceae | Hatchet Cactus |
| Peltophorum africanum | | Caesalpiniaceae | African Wattle |
| Peltophorum dubium | Peltophorum vogelianum, Caesalpinia dubia, Brasilettia dubia | Caesalpiniaceae | Yellow Poinciana |
| Peltophorum pterocarpum | | Caesalpiniaceae | Copperpod |
| Pennisetum ciliare | Cenchrus ciliaris | Poaceae | Buffel Grass |
| Pennisetum flaccidum | | Poaceae | Himalayan Fountain Grass |
| Pennisetum glaucum | | Poaceae | Bajra |
| Pennisetum hohenackeri | Pennisetum alopecuros, Gymnotrix cenchroides | Poaceae | Fountain Grass |
| Pennisetum orientale | Pennisetum triflorum | Poaceae | Oriental Fountain Grass |
| Pennisetum setaceum | | Poaceae | Purple Fountain Grass |
| Penstemon 'Etna' | | Scrophulariaceae | Penstemon Etna |
| Penstemon 'Ice Cream Series' | | Scrophulariaceae | Penstemon Ice Cream |
| Pentanema cernuum | | Asteraceae | Sonsari |
| Pentanema indicum | Inula indica, Vicoa indica | Asteraceae | Sonkadi |
| Pentapetes phoenicea | | Malvaceae | Midday Flower |
| Pentasachme wallichii | Pentasacme wallichii | Asclepiadaceae | Tailed-Leaf Pentasachme |
| Pentas lanceolata | | Rubiaceae | Star Cluster |
| Pentatropis capensis | Pentatropis microphylla, Asclepias microphylla, Cynanchum capense | Asclepiadaceae | Ambarvel |
| Pentatropis spiralis | Asclepias spiralis, Pentatropis cynanchoides | Asclepiadaceae | Aakari Bel |
| Peperomia caperata | | Piperaceae | Peperomia |
| Peperomia pellucida | Peperomia exigua, Peperomia translucens, Piper pellicudum | Piperaceae | Shiny Bush |
| Pereskia bleo | Cactus bleo, Pereskia corrugata | Cactaceae | Leaf Cactus |
| Pereskia grandifolia | Rhodocactus grandifolius, Cactus grandifolius, Pereskia grandiflora | Cactaceae | Rose Cactus |
| Pereskiopsis diguetii | Pereskiopsis velutina, Opuntia diguetii, Pereskiopsis digueti | Cactaceae | Alfilerillo |
| Pergularia daemia | Asclepias daemia, Daemia extensa, Cynanchum extensum | Asclepiadaceae | Pergularia |
| Pergularia roylei | Marsdenia roylei | Asclepiadaceae | Royle's Pergularia |
| Pericallis x hybrida | Cineraria x hybrida, Senecio x hybridus | Asteraceae | Cineraria |
| Periploca calophylla | | Asclepiadaceae | Pretty-Leaved Silkflower Vine |
| Peristeria elata | | Orchidaceae | Dove Orchid |
| Peristrophe speciosa | Justicia speciosa | Acanthaceae | Showy Foldwing |
| Peristylus aristatus | Habenaria aristata | Orchidaceae | Spiked Peristylus |
| Peristylus densus | Habenaria neglecta, Peristylus neglectus, Coeloglossum densum | Orchidaceae | Dense Peristylus |
| Peristylus elisabethae | Habenaria elisabethae, Herminium elisabethae | Orchidaceae | Elisabeth's Peristylus |
| Peristylus plantagineus | Habenaria wightii | Orchidaceae | Plantain Peristylus |
| Peristylus stocksii | Habenaria stocksii | Orchidaceae | Stocks's Peristylus |
| Perotis indica | Anthoxanthum indicum, Saccharum spicatum | Poaceae | Indian Comet Grass |
| Perovskia abrotanoides | | Lamiaceae | Russian Sage |
| Persea duthiei | | Lauraceae | Duthie's Bay Tree |
| Persea odoratissima | Machilus odoratissimus | Lauraceae | Fragrant Bay Tree |
| Persicaria amplexicaulis | Bistorta amplexicaulis var. alba, Polygonum petiolatum | Polygonaceae | White Mountain Fleeceflower |
| Persicaria amplexicaulis | Polygonum amplexicaule, Bistorta amplexicaulis, Polygonum speciosum | Polygonaceae | Red Mountain Fleeceflower |
| Persicaria barbata | Polygonum barbatum | Polygonaceae | Bearded Knotweed |
| Persicaria capitata | Polygonum capitatum | Polygonaceae | Pink Knotweed |
| Persicaria chinensis | Polygonum chinense, Polygonum auriculata | Polygonaceae | Chinese Knotweed |
| Persicaria glabra | Polygonum glabrum | Polygonaceae | Denseflower Knotweed |
| Persicaria hydropiper | Polygonum hydropiper | Polygonaceae | Water Pepper |
| Persicaria lapathifolia | Polygonum lapathifolium | Polygonaceae | Pale Knotweed |
| Persicaria maculosa | Polygonum persicaria | Polygonaceae | Redshank |
| Persicaria minor | Polygonum minus | Polygonaceae | Small Water-Pepper |
| Persicaria nepalensis | Polygonum nepalense | Polygonaceae | Nepal Knotweed |
| Persicaria orientalis | Polygonum orientale | Polygonaceae | Kiss Me Over The Garden Gate |
| Persicaria orientalis | Polygonum orientale | Polygonaceae | Oriental Pepper |
| Persicaria vivipara | Polygonum viviparum, Bistorta vivipara | Polygonaceae | Alpine Bistort |
| Persicaria wallichii | Polygonum polystachyum, Aconogonon polystachyum, Polygonum polystachyum, Persicaria polystachya | Polygonaceae | Himalayan Knotweed |
| Petalidium barlerioides | Ruellia barlerioides, Ruellia bracteata | Acanthaceae | Nail Dye |
| Petiveria alliacea | Mapa graveolens, Petiveria corrientina, Petiveria foetida, Petiveria graveolens | Phytolaccaceae | Guinea Henweed |
| Petrea volubilis | Petrea arborea, Petrea racemosa, Petrea mexicana, Petrea erecta | Verbenaceae | Purple Wreath |
| Petunia hybrida | | Solanaceae | Petunia |
| Petunia violacea | | Solanaceae | Violet Petunia |
| Peucedanum grande | | Apiaceae | Hill Carrot |
| Phaius mishmensis | Limatodis mishmensis, Phaius cupreus, Calanthe crinita | Orchidaceae | Mishmi Hills Phaius |
| Phaius tankervilleae | Limodorum tancarvilleae | Orchidaceae | Nun's Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis amabilis | | Orchidaceae | Moon Orchid |
| Phalaenopsis mannii | Polychilos mannii, Phalaenopsis boxallii | Orchidaceae | Mann's Phalaenopsis |
| Phalaenopsis spp. | | Orchidaceae | Moth Orchid hybrid |
| Phalaenopsis taenialis | Aerides taenialis, Kingiella taenialis, Kingidium taeniale | Orchidaceae | Bandage-Like Phalaenopsis |
| Phalaris minor | | Poaceae | Dwarf Canary Grass |
| Phaseolus coccineus | | Fabaceae | Scarlet Runner Bean |
| Phaseolus vulgaris | Phaseolus communis, Phaseolus nanus | Fabaceae | Common Bean |
| Phaulopsis imbricata | Ruellia imbricata | Acanthaceae | Himalayan Ruellia |
| Philadelphus tomentosus | Philadelphus coronarius | Hydrangeaceae | Mock Orange |
| Phleum alpinum | Phleum capitatum, Plantinia alpina, Phleum commutatum | Poaceae | Alpine Cat Tail |
| Phlogacanthus curviflorus | Justicia curviflora | Acanthaceae | Wild Nongmangkha |
| Phlogacanthus pubinervius | | Acanthaceae | Red Nongmangkha |
| Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis | Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus, Justicia thyrsiformis, Justicia thyrsiflora | Acanthaceae | Nongmangkha |
| Phlomis bracteosa | | Lamiaceae | Purple Jerusalem Sage |
| Phlomis cashmeriana | Phlomis dichroa | Lamiaceae | Kashmir Sage |
| Phlox drummondii | | Polemoniaceae | Phlox Twinkle |
| Phlox paniculata | | Polemoniaceae | Garden Phlox |
| Phlox subulata | | Polemoniaceae | Creeping Phlox |
| Phoenix loureirii var. humilis | Phoenix humilis | Arecaceae | Dwarf Date Palm |
| Phoenix roebelenii | | Arecaceae | Pygmy Date Palm |
| Phoenix rupicola | | Arecaceae | Cliff Date Palm |
| Phoenix sylvestris | Elate sylvestris | Arecaceae | Wild Date Palm |
| Pholidota articulata | | Orchidaceae | Jointed Pholidota |
| Photinia integrifolia | Photinia notoniana | Acanthaceae | Himalayan Chokeberry |
| Phragmites karka | Arundo karka, Arundo roxburghii, Phragmites roxburghii | Poaceae | Tall Reed |
| Phyla nodiflora | | Verbenaceae | Frog Fruit |
| Phyllanthus acidus | | Phyllanthaceae | Star Gooseberry |
| Phyllanthus amarus | Phyllanthus niruri var. amarus, Phyllanthus nanus, Phyllanthus scabrellus | Phyllanthaceae | Carry Me Seed |
| Phyllanthus emblica | Emblica officinalis | Phyllanthaceae | Amla |
| Phyllanthus fraternus | Phyllanthus niruri, Phyllanthus niruri var. scabrellus | Phyllanthaceae | Gulf Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus lawii | | Phyllanthaceae | Law's Gooseberry |
| Phyllanthus macraei | Macraea rheedei, Diasperus macraei | Phyllanthaceae | Macrae's Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus maderaspatensis | Phyllanthus maderaspatanus | Phyllanthaceae | Madras Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus myrtifolius | | Phyllanthaceae | Mousetail Plant |
| Phyllanthus reticulatus | Kirganelia reticulata, Anisonema reticulatum, Cicca reticulata, Diasperus reticulatus | Phyllanthaceae | Black-Honey Shrub |
| Phyllanthus rheedei | Phyllanthus kozhikodianus, Diasperus rheedei, Phyllanthus flaccidus | Phyllanthaceae | Kozhikode Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus tenellus | Phyllanthus corcovadensis | Phyllanthaceae | Long Stalked Leaf-Flower |
| Phyllanthus urinaria | Phyllanthus leprocarpus | Phyllanthaceae | Chamber Bitter |
| Phyllanthus virgatus | Phyllanthus simplex | Phyllanthaceae | Seed Under Leaf |
| Phyllocephalum scabridum | Decaneurum scabridum | Asteraceae | Purple Heads |
| Phyllodium pulchellum | Hedysarum pulchellum, Desmodium pulchellum, Meibomia pulchella | Fabaceae | Showy Desmodium |
| Phyllostachys aurea | Phyllostachys bambusoides, Phyllostachys formosana | Poaceae | Fish Pole Bamboo |
| Physalis angulata | | Solanaceae | Cutleaf Ground Cherry |
| Physalis grisea | Physalis pubescens var. grisea | Solanaceae | Grey Ground Cherry |
| Physalis joe-diasii | | Solanaceae | Joe Dias's Ground Cherry |
| Physalis minima | | Solanaceae | Ground Cherry |
| Physalis peruviana | Physalis tomentosa, Physalis puberula, Physalis latifolia | Solanaceae | Cape Gooseberry |
| Physochlaina praealta | Physochlaina grandiflora, Scopolia praealta | Solanaceae | Tall Physochlaina |
| Phytolacca acinosa | | Phytolaccaceae | Indian Pokeweed |
| Phytolacca dioica | Phytolacca arborea, Phytolacca populifolia, Pircunia dioica | Phytolaccaceae | Pokeberry Tree |
| Phytolacca octandra | Phytolacca icosandra | Phytolaccaceae | Tropical Pokeweed |
| Picea smithiana | Picea morinda | Pinaceae | Himalayan Spruce |
| Picris angustifolia subsp. angustifolia | Picris hieracioides, Picris attenuata, Apargia rigens | Asteraceae | Hawk Weed |
| Picrorhiza kurroa | Picrorhiza kurrooa | Thymelaeaceae | Kutki |
| Pieris formosa | | Ericaceae | Himalayan Pieris |
| Pilea cadierei | | Urticaceae | Aluminium Plant |
| Pilea glaberrima | Urtica glaberrima | Urticaceae | Hairless Clearweed |
| Pilea microphylla | | Urticaceae | Gunpowder Plant |
| Pilea racemosa | Pilea subalpina, Pilea wightii, Procris racemosa | Urticaceae | Flowerhead Clearweed |
| Pilea scripta | Pilea nepalensis | Urticaceae | Himalayan Clearweed |
| Pilea umbrosa | | Urticaceae | Shady Himalayan Clearweed |
| Pimpinella tomentosa | Heracleum tomentosum | Apiaceae | Hairy Hogweed |
| Pinda concanensis | Heracleum pinda | Apiaceae | Konkan Pinda |
| Pinus gerardiana | Pinus gerardii | Pinaceae | Chilghoza Pine |
| Pinus roxburghii | Pinus longifolia | Pinaceae | Chir Pine |
| Pinus wallichiana | Pinus excelsa, Pinus griffithii | Pinaceae | Himalayan Blue Pine |
| Piper arboreum | | Piperaceae | Tree Pepper |
| Piper boehmeriifolium | Chavica boehmeriaefolia, Piper boehmeriaefolia? | Piperaceae | False-Nettle Leaved Pepper |
| Piper cubeba | | Piperaceae | Tailed Pepper |
| Piper galeatum | | Piperaceae | Helmet Pepper |
| Piper longum | | Piperaceae | Long Pepper |
| Piper mullesua | Piper brachystachyum, Piper guigual | Piperaceae | Hill Pepper |
| Piper nigrum | | Piperaceae | Black Pepper |
| Piper umbellatum | Lepianthes umbellata, Piper subpeltatum, Pothomorphe alleni | Piperaceae | Cow-Foot Leaf |
| Piptanthus nepalensis | Baptisia nepalensis, Piptanthus bicolor, Thermopsis laburnifolia | Fabaceae | Evergreen Laburnum |
| Piscidia piscipula | Erythrina piscipula, Robinia alata, Piscidia toxicaria | Fabaceae | Florida Fish-Poison Tree |
| Pistacia chinensis ssp. Integerrima | Pistacia integerrima, Rhus integerrima | Anacardiaceae | Kakkar |
| Pistia stratiotes | | Araceae | Water Cabbage |
| Pisum sativum | | Fabaceae | Pea |
| Pithecellobium dulce | | Mimosaceae | Madras Thorn |
| Pittosporum dasycaulon | | Pittosporaceae | Sahyadri Pittosporum |
| Pittosporum tobira Cv. variegata | Euonymus tobira | Pittosporaceae | Variegated Pittosporum |
| Plantaginorchis plantaginea | Habenaria plantaginea | Orchidaceae | Plantain Orchid |
| Plantago asiatica | | Plantaginaceae | Asian Plantain |
| Plantago coronopus | | Plantaginaceae | Buck Horn Plantain |
| Plantago lanceolata | | Plantaginaceae | Ribwort Plantain |
| Plantago major | | Plantaginaceae | Broad Leaf Plantain |
| Plantago scabra | Plantago indica, Psyllium indicum, Psyllium scabrum subsp. orientale | Plantaginaceae | Indian Plantain |
| Platanthera edgeworthii | Habenaria edgeworthii | Orchidaceae | Edgeworth's Habenaria |
| Platanus orientalis | | Platanaceae | Chinar |
| Platostoma hispidum | Ocimum capitatum, Prunella indica, Acrocephalus hispidus | Lamiaceae | Hairy Gomphrena |
| Platycladus orientalis | Thuja orientalis, Biota orientalis | Cupressaceae | Morpankhi |
| Plectranthus amboinicus | Coleus amboinicus, Coleus aromaticus, Plectranthus aromaticus | Lamiaceae | Cuban Oregano |
| Plectranthus barbatus | Coleus barbatus, Coleus forskohlii, Plectranthus forskohlii | Lamiaceae | Indian Coleus |
| Plectranthus mollis | Plectranthus incanus, Plectranthus cordifolia | Lamiaceae | Soft-Stem Mintleaf |
| Plectranthus 'Mona Lavender' | | Lamiaceae | Mona Lavender |
| Plectranthus prostratus | | Lamiaceae | Succulent Swedish Ivy |
| Plectranthus rotundifolius | Coleus rotundifolius, Plectranthus tuberosus, Coleus parviflorus | Lamiaceae | Chinese Potato |
| Plectranthus zuluensis | | Lamiaceae | Zulu Spurflower |
| Pleione humilis | Epidendrum humile, Dendrobium humile, Coelogyne humilis | Orchidaceae | Low Growing Pleione |
| Pleione maculata | Coelogyne maculata, Pleione diphylla, Coelogyne diphylla | Orchidaceae | Spotted Pleione |
| Pleione praecox | Epidendrum praecox, Dendrobium praecox, Coelogyne praecox | Orchidaceae | Early Blooming Pleione |
| Pleiospilos spp. | | Aizoaceae | Mimicry Mesemb |
| Pleocaulus ritchei | Strobilanthes sessilis, Strobilanthes sessilis var. ritchiei | Acanthaceae | Mal Karvy |
| Pleurospermum brunonis | Hymenolaena brunonis, Hymenidium brunonis, Ligusticum brunonis | Apiaceae | Brown's Paper Cup Flower |
| Pleurospermum candollei | | Apiaceae | Paper Cup Flower |
| Pleurospermum stellatum | Selinum stellatum, Hymenolaena stellata | Apiaceae | Star Papercup Flower |
| Pluchea lanceolata | Berthelotia lanceolata | Asteraceae | Rasna |
| Pluchea ovalis | Pluchea tomentosa, Baccharis ovalis, Baccharis ovata | Asteraceae | Woolly Camphor-Weed |
| Plumbago auriculata | Plumbago capensis | Plumbaginaceae | Nila Chitrak |
| Plumbago indica | Plumbago rosea, Thela coccinea | Plumbaginaceae | Lal Chitrak |
| Plumbago zeylanica | | Plumbaginaceae | Chitrak |
| Plumeria alba | | Apocynaceae | White Frangipani |
| Plumeria obtusa | | Apocynaceae | Singapore Frangipani |
| Plumeria pudica | | Apocynaceae | Wild Plumeria |
| Plumeria rubra acutifolia | | Apocynaceae | Common White Frangipani |
| Plumeria rubra | | Apocynaceae | Frangipani pink |
| Plumeria rubra | | Apocynaceae | Frangipani red |
| Plumeria × stenopetala | | Apocynaceae | Narrow Petal Frangipani |
| Poa annua | | Poaceae | Annual Bluegrass |
| Poa bulbosa | | Poaceae | Bulbous Bluegrass |
| Podocarpus chinensis | | Podocarpaceae | Chinese Podocarp |
| Podocarpus neriifolius | Margbensonia neriifolia, Podocarpus discolor, Podocarpus macrophyllus | Podocarpaceae | Brown Pine |
| Podranea brycei | Pandorea brycei, Tecoma brycei | Bignoniaceae | Zimbabwe Creeper |
| Pogostemon benghalensis | Origanum benghalense, Pogostemon parviflorus, Pogostemon plectranthoides | Lamiaceae | Bengal Pogostemon |
| Pogostemon deccanensis | Eusteralis deccanensis | Lamiaceae | Jambhli Manjiri |
| Pogostemon heyneanus | Pogostemon suavis | Lamiaceae | False Patchouli |
| Pogostemon purpurascens | | Lamiaceae | Sangbrei |
| Polemonium caeruleum subsp. himalayanum | Polemonium himalaicum | Polemoniaceae | Himalayan Jacob's Ladder |
| Polianthes tuberosa | | Agavaceae | Rajanigandha |
| Pollia secundiflora | Aclisia cumingiana, Aclisia elegans, Aclisia secundiflora | Commelinaceae | Three-Stamen Pollia |
| Polyalthia longifolia | | Annonaceae | Ashok |
| Polycarpaea corymbosa | Achyranthes corymbosa, Polycarpaea nebulosa | Caryophyllaceae | Oldman's Cap |
| Polygala arvensis | Polygala chinensis, Polygala brachystachya, Polygala procumbens | Polygalaceae | Field Milkwort |
| Polygala elongata | | Polygalaceae | Narrow-Leaved Milkwort |
| Polygala erioptera | | Polygalaceae | Woolly-Winged Milkwort |
| Polygala persicariifolia | | Polygalaceae | Knotweed Leaved Milkwort |
| Polygala tatarinowii | Salomonia martinii, Semeiocardium hamiltonii | Polygalaceae | Oriental Milkwort |
| Polygonatum cirrhifolium | Convallaria cirrhifolia | Liliaceae | Coiling Leaf Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum kingianum | | Liliaceae | King's Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum spp. | | Liliaceae | Solomon Seal |
| Polygonatum verticillatum | | Liliaceae | Whorled Solomon's Seal |
| Polygonum affine | Persicaria affinis, Polygonum brunonis, Polygonum donianum | Polygonaceae | Himalayan Fleeceflower |
| Polygonum aviculare subsp. depressum | Polygonum aviculare var. depressum, Polygonum calcatum, Polygonum arenastrum | Polygonaceae | Prostrate Knotweed |
| Polygonum aviculare | Avicularia vulgaris, Polygonum erectum, Polygonum heterophyllum | Polygonaceae | Common Knotgrass |
| Polygonum filicaule | Koenigia nepalensis | Polygonaceae | Nepal Purslane |
| Polygonum milletii | Bistorta milletii, Persicaria milletii | Polygonaceae | Crimson Knotweed |
| Polygonum molle | Polygonum molle, Aconogonum molle, Persicaria mollis | Polygonaceae | Sikkim Knotweed |
| Polygonum paronychioides | | Polygonaceae | Fuzzy Knotweed |
| Polygonum plebeium | Polygonum plebejum | Polygonaceae | Small Knotweed |
| Polygonum pubescens | Persicaria pubescens, Polygonum flaccidum, Polygonum roettleri | Polygonaceae | Drooping Knotweed |
| Polygonum recumbens | Polygonum mirajabii | Polygonaceae | Creeping Knotweed |
| Polygonum runcinatum | Persicaria runcinata | Polygonaceae | Lobed Leaf Knotweed |
| Polygonum sibiricum var. thomsonii | Knorringia pamirica, Knorringia sibirica subsp. thomsonii, Polygonum pamiricum | Polygonaceae | Pamir Knotweed |
| Polygonum tortuosum | Aconogonum tortuosum, Polygonum tortuosum var. tibetanum | Polygonaceae | Twisted Knotweed |
| Polygonum vacciniifolium | Bistorta vaccinifolia, Persicaria vaccinifolia | Polygonaceae | Rose Carpet Knotweed |
| Polypogon monspeliensis | Alopecurus monspeliensis | Poaceae | Annual Beard Grass |
| Polyscias scutellaria | | Araliaceae | Shield Aralia |
| Pongamia pinnata | Millettia pinnata, Pongamia glabra, Derris indica, Cytisus pinnatus | Fabaceae | Pongam Tree |
| Pontederia cordata | | Pontederiaceae | Pickerel Weed |
| Populus ciliata | | Salicaceae | Himalayan Poplar |
| Populus nigra | Populus sosnowskyi | Salicaceae | Black Poplar |
| Porana volubilis | | Convolvulaceae | Horse-Tail Creeper |
| Poranopsis paniculata | Porana paniculata | Convolvulaceae | Bridal Bouquet |
| Porpax jerdoniana | Eria jerdoniana, Porpax lichenora, Cryptochilus wightii | Orchidaceae | Jerdon's Porpax |
| Porpax reticulata | | Orchidaceae | Gramophone Orchid |
| Portulaca grandiflora | | Portulacaceae | Moss Rose |
| Portulaca oleracea | | Portulacaceae | Purslane |
| Portulaca pilosa | | Portulacaceae | Kiss Me Quick |
| Portulaca quadrifida | | Portulacaceae | Chicken Weed |
| Portulaca spp. | | Portulacaceae | Portulaca All Aglow |
| Portulaca umbraticola | | Portulacaceae | Wingpod Purslane |
| Posoqueria longiflora | | Rubiaceae | Needle Flower Tree |
| Potamogeton lucens | Buccaferrea lucida, Potamogeton dentatus, Potamogeton zizii | Potamogetonaceae | Shining Pondweed |
| Potamogeton nodosus | Potamogeton americanus | Potamogetonaceae | Long Leaf Pondweed |
| Potentilla anserina | Fragaria anserina, Dactylophyllum anserinam, Argentina anserina | Rosaceae | Silverweed Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla argyrophylla | | Rosaceae | Silver-Leaved Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla argyrophylla var. atrosanguinea | Potentilla atrosanguinea | Rosaceae | Himalayan Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla bifurca | Schistophyllidium bifurcum | Rosaceae | Forked-Leaf Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla cuneata | Potentilla ambigua, Potentilla dolichopogon | Rosaceae | Five Finger Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla curviseta | | Rosaceae | Kashmir Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla fruticosa | Dasiphora fruticosa | Rosaceae | Shrubby Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla multifida var. multifida | Potentilla plurijuga, Potentilla hypoleuca | Rosaceae | Feather-Leaved Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla nepalensis | | Rosaceae | Nepal Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla pamirica | | Rosaceae | Pamir Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla peduncularis | | Rosaceae | East Himalayan Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla polyphylla | Potentilla mooniana | Rosaceae | Many Leaved Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla reptans | | Rosaceae | Creeping Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla saundersiana | | Rosaceae | Saunders Cinquefoil |
| Potentilla supina | Comarum flavum | Rosaceae | Spreading Cinquefoil |
| Pothos scandens | Batis hermaphrodita, Pothos hermaphroditus | Araceae | Climbing Aroid |
| Pouzolzia zeylanica | Pouzolzia indica, Parietaria zeylanica | Urticaceae | Graceful Pouzolz's Bush |
| Prangos pabularia | Koelzella pabularia, | Apiaceae | Prangos |
| Pratia nummularia | Pratia begoniifolia, Lobelia begoniifolia | Campanulaceae | Roundleaf Star Creeper |
| Premna serratifolia | Premna obtusifolia | Verbenaceae | Headache Tree |
| Primula acaulis | | Primulaceae | Primrose Fantastica Violet |
| Primula bracteosa | Primula boothii | Primulaceae | Orange Throated Primrose |
| Primula calderiana | Primula roylei, Primula calderiana var. alba | Primulaceae | Purple Golden-Eyed Primrose |
| Primula capitata | | Primulaceae | Capitata Primrose |
| Primula denticulata | Primula aequalis, Primula elata, Primula telemachica | Primulaceae | Drumstick Primrose |
| Primula dickieana | Aleuritia dickieana | Primulaceae | Dickie's Primrose |
| Primula edgeworthii | | Primulaceae | Edgeworth's Primrose |
| Primula floribunda | | Primulaceae | Buttercup Primrose |
| Primula forbesii | Primula androsacea, Primula multicaulis | Primulaceae | Baby Primrose |
| Primula geraniifolia | Primula humicola | Primulaceae | Geranium Primrose |
| Primula glomerata | | Primulaceae | Globe Primrose |
| Primula involucrata | Primula munroi | Primulaceae | Tall Pale Primrose |
| Primula macrophylla var. macrophylla | | Primulaceae | Large Leaf Primrose |
| Primula macrophylla var. moorcroftiana | Primula moorcroftiana | Primulaceae | Moorcroft's Primrose |
| Primula malacoides | Primula pseudomalacoides, Primula delicata | Primulaceae | Fairy Primrose |
| Primula obconica | | Primulaceae | German Primrose purple |
| Primula obconica | | Primulaceae | German Primrose white |
| Primula obliqua | | Primulaceae | Himalayan White Primrose |
| Primula pseudodenticulata | | Primulaceae | Tiny Lavender Primrose |
| Primula reidii | | Primulaceae | Reid's Primrose |
| Primula reptans | Primula stracheyi | Primulaceae | Creeping Primrose |
| Primula rosea | | Primulaceae | Himalayan Meadow Primrose |
| Primula sapphirina | | Primulaceae | Sapphire Primrose |
| Primula sessilis | | Primulaceae | Stalkless Primrose |
| Primula sikkimensis | Primula pseudosikkimensis | Primulaceae | Sikkim Primrose |
| Primula sikkimensis var. hopeana | | Primulaceae | White Sikkim Primrose |
| Primula spp. 'Dreambird' | | Primulaceae | Primrose Dreambird |
| Primula strumosa subsp. strumosa | Primula calderiana subsp. strumosa | Primulaceae | Blue Golden-Eyed Primrose |
| Prinsepia utilis | | Rosaceae | Himalayan Cherry Prinsepia |
| Pritchardia pacifica | Washingtonia pacifica, Eupritchardia pacifica, Styloma pacifica | Arecaceae | Fiji Fan Palm |
| Priva cordifolia | Buchnera cordifolia, Priva abyssinica, Priva leptostachya | Verbenaceae | Heart-Leaf Velvet Bur |
| Proiphys amboinensis | Eurycles amboinensis, Eurycles sylvestris | Amaryllidaceae | Cardwell Lily |
| Prosopis cineraria | | Fabaceae | Jhand |
| Prosopis juliflora | | Fabaceae | Algaroba |
| Protium serratum | Bursera serrata | Burseraceae | Indian Red Pear |
| Prunella vulgaris var. vulgaris | | Lamiaceae | Common Self-Heal |
| Prunus armeniaca | Armeniaca vulgaris | Rosaceae | Apricot |
| Prunus cornuta | Padus cornuta, Cerasus cornuta | Rosaceae | Himalayan Bird Cherry |
| Prunus domestica | | Rosaceae | Plum |
| Prunus persica | | Rosaceae | Peach |
| Pseudarthria viscida | Hedysarum viscidum | Fabaceae | Salaparni |
| Pseuderanthemum carruthersii | | Acanthaceae | Purple False Eranthemum |
| Pseuderanthemum laxiflorum | | Acanthaceae | Shooting Star |
| Pseuderanthemum malabaricum | Eranthemum malabaricum | Acanthaceae | Malabar False Eranthemum |
| Pseuderanthemum reticulatum | | Acanthaceae | Yellow-Vein Eranthemum |
| Pseudobombax ellipticum | Bombax ellipticum | Bombacaceae | Shaving Brush Tree |
| Pseudobombax ellipticum var. alba | | Bombacaceae | White Shaving Brush Tree |
| Pseudocaryopteris bicolor | Caryopteris bicolor, Clerodendrum odoratum, Caryopteris odorata | Verbenaceae | Bluebeard |
| Pseudocaryopteris foetida | Caryopteris grata, Caryopteris foetida, Clerodendrum foetidum | Verbenaceae | Stinking Bluebeard |
| Pseudognaphalium hypoleucum | Gnaphalium hypoleucum | Asteraceae | White Leaved Cudweed |
| Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum | Gnaphalium luteoalbum, Helichrysum luteoalbum | Asteraceae | Weedy Cudweed |
| Pseudolysimachion spicatum | Veronica spicata, Veronica hybrida, Veronica porphyriana | Plantaginaceae | Spiked Speedwell |
| Pseudomertensia nemorosa | Eritrichium nemorosum, Mertensia nemorosa, Lithospermum ovalifolium | Boraginaceae | Forest Alpine Bluebell |
| Pseudomertensia racemosa | Mertensia racemosa | Boraginaceae | White Himalayan Lungwort |
| Pseudomussaenda flava | Mussaenda flava, Vignaldia luteola, Virecta lanceolata | Rubiaceae | Dwarf Mussaenda |
| Psidium cattleianum | | Myrtaceae | Chinese Guava |
| Psidium guajava | | Myrtaceae | Guava |
| Psidium guajava | | Myrtaceae | Red Malaysian Guava |
| Psophocarpus tetragonolobus | | Fabaceae | Goa Bean |
| Psychotria flavida | | Rubiaceae | South Indian Wild Coffee |
| Psydrax umbellata | Canthium umbellatum, Canthium umbellulatum, Plectronia umbellata | Rubiaceae | Umbelled Canthium |
| Psylliostachys suworowii | Limonium suworowii, Statice suworowii | Plumbaginaceae | Russian Statice |
| Pterocarpus indicus f. echinatus | Pterocarpus echinatus, Pterocarpus vidalianus | Fabaceae | Prickly Padauk |
| Pteroceras teres | Dendrocolla teres, Aerides teres, Sarcochilus teres | Orchidaceae | Himalayan Pteroceras |
| Pterolobium hexapetalum | Reichardia hexapetala | Caesalpiniaceae | Indian Redwing |
| Pterospermum acerifolium | | Sterculiaceae | Kanak Champa |
| Pterygota alata | Sterculia alata | Sterculiaceae | Buddha Coconut |
| Ptychosperma macarthurii | Kentia macarthurii | Arecaceae | MacArthur Palm |
| Pueraria phaseoloides | Dolichos phaseoloides, Neustanthus phaseoloides | Fabaceae | Tropical Kudzu |
| Pueraria tuberosa | Hedysarum tuberosum | Fabaceae | Indian Kudzu |
| Pulicaria wightiana | | Asteraceae | Sontikli |
| Punica granatum | | Lythraceae | Pomegranate |
| Pupalia lappacea | Achyranthes lappacea | Amaranthaceae | Forest Burr |
| Putranjiva roxburghii | Drypetes roxburghii, Nageia putranjiva | Putranjivaceae | Putranjiva |
| Pyracantha crenulata | | Rosaceae | Nepalese Firethorn |
| Pyrethrum pyrethroides | Chrysanthemum pyrethroides, Richteria pyrethroides, Tanacetum pyrethroides | Asteraceae | Himalayan Chrysanthemum |
| Pyrostegia venusta | Bignonia ignea, Bignonia venusta, Pyrostegia ignea | Bignoniaceae | Flaming Trumpet |
| Pyrus calleryana | | Rosaceae | Ornamental Pear |
| Pyrus communis | | Rosaceae | Pear |
| Pyrus pashia | Pyrus kumaoni, Pyrus nepalensis | Rosaceae | Himalayan Pear |
| Quassia amara | | Simaroubaceae | Bitter Quassia |
| Quercus glauca | Quercus annulata | Fagaceae | Glaucous Oak |
| Quercus leucotrichophora | Quercus incana | Fagaceae | Blackjack Oak |
| Quercus robur | | Fagaceae | English Oak |
| Quisqualis malabarica | | Combretaceae | Malabar Madhu Malati |
| Radermachera xylocarpa | Bignonia xylocarpa, Stereospermum xylocarpum | Bignoniaceae | Padri Tree |
| Ranunculus arvensis | Cynomorbium heterophyllum | Ranunculaceae | Corn Buttercup |
| Ranunculus asiaticus | | Ranunculaceae | Persian Buttercup |
| Ranunculus diffusus | | Ranunculaceae | Spreading Buttercup |
| Ranunculus distans | Ranunculus laetus, Ranunculus pseudolaetus | Ranunculaceae | Cheerful Buttercup |
| Ranunculus hirtellus | | Ranunculaceae | Softly Hairy Buttercup |
| Ranunculus lingua | | Ranunculaceae | Greater Spearwort |
| Ranunculus pulchellus var. longicaulis | Ranunculus longicaulis | Ranunculaceae | Long-Stem Buttercup |
| Ranunculus sceleratus | Ranunculus indicus, Ranunculus umbellatus | Ranunculaceae | Cursed Buttercup |
| Raphanus sativus | | Brassicaceae | Radish |
| Rauvolfia densiflora | | Apocynaceae | Dense-Flowered Snake Root |
| Rauvolfia micrantha | Ophioxylon micranthum | Apocynaceae | Small Flowered Snake Root |
| Rauvolfia serpentina | Rauwolfia serpentina | Apocynaceae | Sarpagandha |
| Rauvolfia tetraphylla | Rauvolfia canescens, Rauvolfia heterophylla, Rauvolfia hirsuta | Apocynaceae | Wild Snake Root |
| Ravenala madagascariensis | | Strelitziaceae | Traveler's Palm |
| Ravenia spectabilis | Lemonia spectabilis, Limonia spectabilis | Rutaceae | Lemonia |
| Reinwardtia cicanoba | Reinwardtia tetragyna | Linaceae | Yellow Himalayan Flax |
| Reinwardtia indica | Reinwardtia trigyna, Linum trigynum, Linum repens | Linaceae | Yellow Flax |
| Remusatia vivipara | Arum viviparum, Colocasia vivipara, Remusatia bulbifera | Araceae | Hitchhiker Elephant Ear |
| Renanthera imschootiana | | Orchidaceae | Red Vanda |
| Reutealis trisperma | Aleurites trisperma | Euphorbiaceae | Philippine Tung Tree |
| Rhamnus procumbens | Rhamnus rupestris | Rhamnaceae | Creeping Buckthorn |
| Rhamnus purpurea | | Rhamnaceae | Purple Buckthorn |
| Rhamnus virgata | | Rhamnaceae | Cane Buckthorn |
| Rhamphicarpa fistulosa | Rhamphicarpa longiflora, Rhamphicarpa elongata | Orobanchaceae | Tutari |
| Rhaphidophora decursiva | Raphidophora decursiva | Araceae | Creeping Philodendron |
| Rheum acuminatum | Rheum orientalixizangense | Polygonaceae | Ornamental Rhubarb |
| Rheum australe | Rheum emodi | Polygonaceae | Himalayan Rhubarb |
| Rheum nobile | | Polygonaceae | Sikkim Rhubarb |
| Rheum spiciforme | | Polygonaceae | Spiked Rhubarb |
| Rheum webbianum | | Polygonaceae | Indian Rhubarb |
| Rhinacanthus nasutus | Rhinacanthus nasuta, Justicia nasuta, Rhinacanthus communis | Acanthaceae | Snake Jasmine |
| Rhizophora apiculata | | Rhizophoraceae | Tall-Stilt Mangrove |
| Rhizophora mucronata | | Rhizophoraceae | Asiatic Mangrove |
| Rhodanthe chlorocephala subsp. rosea | Helipterum roseum, Acroclinium roseum | Asteraceae | Rosy Everlasting |
| Rhodiola bupleuroides | Sedum bupleuroides, Rhodiola bhutanica | Crassulaceae | Bhutan Rhodiola |
| Rhodiola fastigiata | Sedum fastigiatum, Sedum quadrifidum var. fastigiatum, Rhodiola coccinea | Crassulaceae | Clustered Rhodiola |
| Rhodiola heterodonta | | Crassulaceae | Toothed Rhodiola |
| Rhodiola himalensis | Chamaerhodiola himalensis | Crassulaceae | Himalayan Rhodiola |
| Rhodiola tibetica | Sedum tibeticum, Sedum stracheyi | Crassulaceae | Tibetan Rhodiola |
| Rhodiola trifida | Sedum trifidum | Crassulaceae | Trifid Sedum |
| Rhodiola wallichiana | | Crassulaceae | Wallich's Rhodiola |
| Rhododendron anthopogon | | Ericaceae | Dwarf Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron arboreum subsp. nilagiricum | Rhododendron nilagiricum, Rhododendron arboreum var. nilagiricum | Ericaceae | Nilgiri Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron arboreum | | Ericaceae | Tree Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron brachycarpum | | Ericaceae | Short Fruited Azalea |
| Rhododendron campanulatum subsp. aeruginosum | | Ericaceae | Pink Bell Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron campanulatum | | Ericaceae | Bell Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron ciliatum | | Ericaceae | Fringed Leaf Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron cinnabarinum | | Ericaceae | Cinnabar Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron dalhousieae | | Ericaceae | Lady Dalhousie Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron decipiens | | Ericaceae | Deceptive Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron fulgens | | Ericaceae | Shining Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron hodgsonii | | Ericaceae | Hodgson's Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron lepidotum ssp. salignum | Rhododendron salignum | Ericaceae | Willow-Leaved Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron lepidotum | | Ericaceae | Pink Scaly Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron lindleyi | Rhododendron bhotanicum | Ericaceae | Maddenia Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron neriiflorum ssp. phaedropum | Rhododendron tawangense | Ericaceae | Tawang Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron nivale | | Ericaceae | Snow Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron setosum | | Ericaceae | Bristly Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron thomsonii | | Ericaceae | Thomson's Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron wallichii | | Ericaceae | Wallich's Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron wightii | | Ericaceae | Wight's Rhododendron |
| Rhododendron yedoense | | Ericaceae | Korean Azalea |
| Rhus mysorensis | | Anacardiaceae | Mysore Sumac |
| Rhynchoglossum lazulinum | | Gesneriaceae | Arunachal Rhynchoglossum |
| Rhynchoglossum notonianum | Klugia notoniana, Wulfenia notoniana | Gesneriaceae | East Indian Klugia |
| Rhynchoglossum obliquum | Loxotis obliqua, Rhynchoglossum obliquum var. parviflora | Gesneriaceae | Small Flowered Rhynchoglossum |
| Rhynchosia falconeri | | Fabaceae | Falconer's Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia himalensis | | Fabaceae | Himalayan Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia hirta | Rhynchosia cyanosperma, Rhynchosia albiflora | Fabaceae | Hairy Snoutbean |
| Rhynchosia minima | Dolicholus minimus, Dolichos minimus | Fabaceae | Burn-Mouth Vine |
| Rhynchospora wightiana | Haplostylis wightianus, Rhynchospora discolor | Cyperaceae | Wight's Beak-Sedge |
| Rhynchostylis retusa | | Orchidaceae | Foxtail Orchid |
| Ribes himalense | Ribes rubrum, Ribes emodense | Saxifragaceae | Himalayan Currant |
| Ribes laciniatum | | Saxifragaceae | Frilly Leaf Currant |
| Richardia scabra | Richardsonia scabra | Rubiaceae | Rough Mexican Clover |
| Ricinus communis | | Euphorbiaceae | Castor Bean Plant |
| Rivea hypocrateriformis | | Convolvulaceae | Midnapore Creeper |
| Rivina humilis | Rivina laevis | Phytolaccaceae | Blood Berry |
| Robinia pseudoacacia | | Fabaceae | White Locust Tree |
| Rondeletia odorata | | Rubiaceae | Fragrant Panama Rose |
| Rorippa indica | Nasturtium indicum, Sisymbrium indicum | Brassicaceae | Indian Field-Cress |
| Rorippa palustris | Sisymbrium amphibium var. palustre, Rorippa islandica | Brassicaceae | Marsh Yellow Cress |
| Rorippa sylvestris | Cardamine silvestris, | Brassicaceae | Yellow Fieldcress |
| Rosa banksiae | | Rosaceae | Lady Banks Rose |
| Rosa brunonii | Rosa clavigera, Rosa pubescens, Rosa moschata var. nepalensis | Rosaceae | Himalayan Musk Rose |
| Rosa canina | | Rosaceae | Dog Rose |
| Rosa chinensis 'Viridiflora' | | Rosaceae | Green Rose |
| Rosa foetida var. persiana | Rosa lutea var. persiana | Rosaceae | Persian Yellow Rose |
| Rosa gigantea macrocarpa | | Rosaceae | Manipur Wild-Tea Rose |
| Rosa 'Happy Wanderer' | | Rosaceae | Rose Happy Wanderer |
| Rosa leschenaultiana | Rosa sempervirens var. leschenaultiana | Rosaceae | Nilgiri Cluster-Rose |
| Rosa longicuspis | | Rosaceae | Shillong Climbing Rose |
| Rosa macrophylla | | Rosaceae | Himalayan Rose |
| Rosa moschata | | Rosaceae | Musk Rose |
| Rosa multiflora | | Rosaceae | Multiflora Rose |
| Rosa multiflora var. carnea | | Rosaceae | Pink Multiflora Rose |
| Rosa roxburghii | Rosa microphylla var. glabra | Rosaceae | Double Chestnut Rose |
| Rosa sericea | Rosa tetrapetala, Rosa wallichii, Rosa polyphylla, Rosa omiensis | Rosaceae | Silky Rose |
| Rosa 'Summer Snow' | | Rosaceae | Rose Summer Snow |
| Rosa | | Rosaceae | Mini Rose |
| Rosa | | Rosaceae | Rose |
| Rosa webbiana | | Rosaceae | Webb's Rose |
| Rosa x damascena | | Rosaceae | Damask Rose |
| Rosa 'Yellow Doll' | | Rosaceae | Yellow Doll Rose |
| Roscoea alpina | | Zingiberaceae | Mountain Roscoe Lily |
| Roscoea auriculata | | Zingiberaceae | Roscoe's Lily white |
| Roscoea purpurea | | Zingiberaceae | Roscoe's Lily purple |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Rosmarinus officinalis subsp. laxiflorus | Lamiaceae | Rosemary |
| Rostellularia crinita | Justicia micrantha | Acanthaceae | Small Flowered Justicia |
| Rosularia adenotricha subsp. adenotricha | Sedum adenotrichum, Sedum griffithii, Sedum adenocalyx | Crassulaceae | Hairy Sepal Sedum |
| Rosularia alpestris | Sedum umbilicoides, Sedum durisii, Sedum olgae | Crassulaceae | Lower Mountain Sedum |
| Rotala fimbriata | Ammannia pentandra var. fimbriata | Lythraceae | Fringed Flower Rotala |
| Rotala macrandra | | Lythraceae | Giant Red Rotala |
| Rotala rosea | Rotala leptopetala, Ammannia rosea | Lythraceae | Rosy Rotala |
| Rotala rotundifolia | Ammannia rotundifolia | Lythraceae | Roundleaf Toothcup |
| Rotala tenuis | Ammania tenuis, Micranthus serpyllifolia, Rotala serpyllifolia | Lythraceae | Slender Rotala |
| Rotheca serrata | Volkameria serrata, Clerodendrum serratum, Cyclonema serratum | Verbenaceae | Blue Fountain Bush |
| Rotula aquatica | Carmona viminea, Ehretia viminea, Rhabdia viminea | Boraginaceae | Aquatic Rotula |
| Roylea cinerea | Roylea elegans, Roylea calycina, Phlomis calycina | Lamiaceae | Ashy Roylea |
| Roystonea regia | | Arecaceae | Royal Palm |
| Rubia cordifolia | Galium cordifolium | Rubiaceae | Indian Madder |
| Rubia manjith | Rubia munjista, Rubia cordifolia var. munjista, Rubia cordifolia var. khasiana | Rubiaceae | Manjith |
| Rubus ellipticus | Rubus rotundifolius | Rosaceae | Yellow Himalayan Raspberry |
| Rubus hoffmeisterianus | | Rosaceae | Hoffmeister Raspberry |
| Rubus macilentus | | Rosaceae | Lean Raspberry |
| Rubus moluccanus | Rubus hillii | Rosaceae | Wild Raspberry |
| Rubus nepalensis | Rubus nutans var. nepalensis, Rubus nutantiflorus | Rosaceae | Nepalese Raspberry |
| Rubus niveus | Rubus mysorensis, Rubus albescens, Rubus micranthus | Rosaceae | Mysore Raspberry |
| Rubus paniculatus | | Rosaceae | Heart-Leaf Raspberry |
| Rubus pedunculosus | Rubus hypargyrus, Rubus niveus Wall. ex G. Don | Rosaceae | Three-Leaf Raspberry |
| Rubus rosifolius var. coronarius | Rubus rosaefolius | Rosaceae | Roseleaf Raspberry |
| Rubus ulmifolius | | Rosaceae | Elm-Leaf Blackberry |
| Rudbeckia hirta | | Asteraceae | Black-Eyed Susan |
| Rudbeckia laciniata 'Goldquelle' | | Asteraceae | Coneflower |
| Ruellia brittoniana | | Acanthaceae | Desert Petunia |
| Ruellia elegans | | Acanthaceae | Red Ruellia |
| Ruellia nudiflora | | Acanthaceae | Violet Wild Petunia |
| Ruellia rivularis | Ruellia prostrata var. dejecta, Dipteracanthus dejectus, Ruellia prostrata | Acanthaceae | Bell Weed |
| Ruellia strepens | Dipteracanthus micranthus, Dipteracanthus strepens | Acanthaceae | Limestone Ruellia |
| Ruellia tuberosa | | Acanthaceae | Minnie Root |
| Rumex dentatus | | Polygonaceae | Toothed Dock |
| Rumex hastatus | | Polygonaceae | Arrowleaf Dock |
| Rumex nepalensis | | Polygonaceae | Nepal Dock |
| Rumex patientia | Rumex tibeticus, Rumex patientia subsp. tibeticus, Rumex orientalis | Polygonaceae | Patience Dock |
| Rumex vesicarius | Acetosa vesicaria | Polygonaceae | Bladder Dock |
| Rungia linifolia | | Acanthaceae | Flax-Leaved Rungia |
| Rungia parviflora | Justicia parviflora, Rungia polygonoides | Acanthaceae | Small Flowered Rungia |
| Rungia pectinata | R. parviflora var. pectinata, R. parviflora var. muralis, Justicia pectinata | Acanthaceae | Comb Rungia |
| Rungia repens | | Acanthaceae | Creeping Rungia |
| Ruscus hypoglossum | | Ruscaceae | Spineless Butcher's Broom |
| Russelia equisetiformis | | Scrophulariaceae | Coral Plant |
| Ruta chalepensis | Ruta bracteosa, Ruta fumariifolia | Rutaceae | Fringed Rue |
| Ruttya fruticosa | | Acanthaceae | Rabbit Ears |
| Sabal palmetto | | Arecaceae | Cabbage Palm |
| Saccharum bengalense | Erianthus munja, Saccharum munja, Saccharum sara | Poaceae | Sarkanda |
| Saccharum officinarum | | Poaceae | Sugarcane |
| Saccharum ravennae | Andropogon ravennae, Erianthus purpurascens, Erianthus ravennae | Poaceae | Ravenna Grass |
| Saccharum spontaneum | | Poaceae | Kans Grass |
| Sagittaria montevidensis | | Alismataceae | Aztec Arrowhead |
| Sagittaria sagittifolia | Sagittaria aquatica | Alismataceae | Arrowhead |
| Saintpaulia rupicola | | Gesneriaceae | African Violet white |
| Saintpaulia spp. | | Gesneriaceae | African Violet |
| Salacia chinensis | Salacia prinoides | Celastraceae | Chinese Salacia |
| Salacia macrosperma | | Celastraceae | Large-Seeded Salacia |
| Salix babylonica | | Salicaceae | Weeping Willow |
| Salix calyculata | | Salicaceae | Small Sepal Willow |
| Salix denticulata | Salix elegans, Salix elegans var. himalensis, Salix himalensis | Salicaceae | Elegant Willow |
| Salix sericocarpa | Salix rehderiana var. lasiogyna | Salicaceae | Silky Fruit Willow |
| Salix tetrasperma | | Salicaceae | Indian Willow |
| Salsola kali subsp. tragus | Salsola tragus, Salsola kali var. glabra | Amaranthaceae | Prickly Russian Thistle |
| Salvadora oleoides | | Salvadoraceae | Bada Peelu |
| Salvadora persica | | Salvadoraceae | Toothbrush Tree |
| Salvia coccinea | Salvia ciliata, Salvia superba, Salvia rosea | Lamiaceae | Texas Sage |
| Salvia farinacea | | Lamiaceae | Mealy Blue Sage |
| Salvia fulgen | | Lamiaceae | Cardinal Sage |
| Salvia hians | | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Blue Sage |
| Salvia involucrata | | Lamiaceae | Rosebud Sage |
| Salvia lanata | | Lamiaceae | Woolly Sage |
| Salvia leucantha | | Lamiaceae | Mexican Bush Sage |
| Salvia moorcroftiana | | Lamiaceae | Kashmir Salvia |
| Salvia nemorosa | | Lamiaceae | Violet Sage |
| Salvia nubicola | | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Yellow Sage |
| Salvia plebeia | Salvia brachiata, Salvia minutiflora | Lamiaceae | Sage Weed |
| Salvia sclarea | Salvia asperata, Salvia pamirica | Lamiaceae | Clary Sage |
| Salvia splendens | | Lamiaceae | Scarlet Sage |
| Salvia splendens | | Lamiaceae | White Salvia |
| Salvia viridis | Salvia horminum | Lamiaceae | Painted Sage |
| Sambucus adnata | | Caprifoliaceae | East Himalayan Elder |
| Sambucus canadensis | | Caprifoliaceae | American Elder |
| Sambucus wightiana | Sambucus gautschii | Caprifoliaceae | Kashmir Elder |
| Sanchezia speciosa | | Acanthaceae | Shrubby Whitevein |
| Sanguisorba minor | Poterium sanguisorba | Rosaceae | Salad Burnet |
| Sansevieria cylindrica | | Ruscaceae | Spear Sansevieria |
| Sansevieria parva | | Ruscaceae | Kenya Hyacinth |
| Sansevieria trifasciata | | Ruscaceae | Snake Plant |
| Santalum album | | Santalaceae | Sandalwood |
| Santolina chamaecyparissus | Santolina incana | Asteraceae | Lavender Cotton |
| Sanvitalia procumbens | Sanvitalia acinifolia, Sanvitalia villosa | Asteraceae | Creeping Zinnia |
| Sapindus emarginatus | | Sapindaceae | Notched Leaf Soapnut |
| Sapindus mukorossi | Sapindus detergens, Sapindus utilis | Sapindaceae | Reetha |
| Sapindus trifoliatus | Sapindus laurifolius | Sapindaceae | South India Soapnut |
| Sapium insigne | Carumbium insigne, Excoecaria insignis | Euphorbiaceae | Tiger's Milk Spruce |
| Saponaria officinalis | | Caryophyllaceae | Common Soapwort |
| Sapria himalayana | | Rafflesiaceae | Himalayan Sapria |
| Saraca asoca | Jonesia asoka | Caesalpiniaceae | Sita Ashok |
| Saraca thaipingensis | | Caesalpiniaceae | Yellow Ashok |
| Sarcococca saligna | Buxus saligna, Sarcococca pruniformis var. angustifolia | Buxaceae | Willow-Leaf Sweet-Box |
| Sarcostemma viminale | Cynanchum viminale, Apocynum viminale, Sarcostemma aphyllum | Asclepiadaceae | Caustic Vine |
| Saritaea magnifica | Bignonia magnifica, Arrabidaea magnifica | Bignoniaceae | Glow Vine |
| Satyrium nepalense | | Orchidaceae | Nepal Satyrium |
| Saurauia napaulensis | | Actinidiaceae | Gogan |
| Saurauia roxburghii | | Actinidiaceae | Singkrang |
| Sauromatum venosum | Arum pedatum, Arum venosum, Sauromatum pedatum | Araceae | Voodoo Lily |
| Saussurea albescens | Aplotaxis albescens | Asteraceae | Pink Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea auriculata | | Asteraceae | Kut |
| Saussurea bracteata | Saussurea schultzii | Asteraceae | Narrow-Leaved Saw-wort |
| Saussurea costus | Aucklandia costus, Aplotaxis lappa, Saussurea lappa | Asteraceae | Costus |
| Saussurea fastuosa | Saussurea denticulata, Aplotaxis denticulata | Asteraceae | Proud Saw-wort |
| Saussurea gnaphalodes | Saussurea sorocephala, Theodorea gnaphalodes, Aplotaxis gnaphalodes | Asteraceae | Cudweed Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea gossypiphora | | Asteraceae | Kasturi Kamal |
| Saussurea heteromalla | Saussurea candicans, Cirsium heteromallum | Asteraceae | Kaliziri |
| Saussurea inversa | Saussurea sorocephala var. glabrata | Asteraceae | Inverse Snow Lotus |
| Saussurea nepalensis | | Asteraceae | Nepal Saw-wort |
| Saussurea obvallata | | Asteraceae | Brahma Kamal |
| Saussurea piptathera | | Asteraceae | Himalayan Saw-wort |
| Saussurea roylei | Aplotaxis roylei | Asteraceae | Royle's Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea simpsoniana | Saussurea sacra, Aplotaxis simpsoniana | Asteraceae | Phen Kamal |
| Saussurea taraxacifolia | Aplotaxis taraxacifolia, Cyathidium taraxacifolium | Asteraceae | Dandelion Saw-Wort |
| Saussurea tridactyla | | Asteraceae | Snow Lotus |
| Saxifraga brachypoda | Saxifraga glandulosa, Hirculus brachypodus | Saxifragaceae | Spiny-Leaf Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga brunonis | | Saxifragaceae | Brown's Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga cernua | Saxifraga simulata, Lobaria cernua | Saxifragaceae | Nodding Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga filicaulis | Hirculus filicaulis, Saxifraga mairei | Saxifragaceae | Slender-Stem Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga jacquemontiana | | Saxifragaceae | Jacquemont's Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga melanocentra | Saxifraga pseudopallida, Saxifraga gageana, Micranthes pseudopallida | Saxifragaceae | Yellow Spotted White Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga moorcroftiana | Saxifraga reflexa | Saxifragaceae | Moorcroft's Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga parnassifolia | | Saxifragaceae | Himalayan Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga sibirica | Saxifraga mollis, Saxifraga sibirica var. eusibirica | Saxifragaceae | Siberian Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga stenophylla | Saxifraga flagellaris subsp. stenophylla | Saxifragaceae | Ladakh Saxifrage |
| Saxifraga stolonifera | | Saxifragaceae | Strawberry Begonia |
| Scadoxus multiflorus ssp. multiflorus | Haemanthus multiflorus | Amaryllidaceae | Blood Lily |
| Scaevola taccada | Lobelia taccada, Scaevola frutescens, Scaevola sericea | Goodeniaceae | Half Flower |
| Schefflera actinophylla | Brassaia actinophylla | Araliaceae | Octopus Tree |
| Schefflera elliptica | Sciadophyllum ellipticum, Hedera venosa, | Araliaceae | Elliptic-Leaved Schefflera |
| Schefflera venulosa | Paratropia venulosa, Heptapleurum venulosum | Araliaceae | Schefflera Vine |
| Schima wallichii | | Theaceae | Schima |
| Schinus terebinthifolius | | Anacardiaceae | Brazilian Pepper |
| Schizanthus pinnatus | | Solanaceae | Butterfly Flower |
| Schizolobium parahyba | Cassia parahyba, Schizolobium amazonicum, Schizolobium excelsum | Caesalpiniaceae | Brazilian Fern Tree |
| Schleichera oleosa | | Sapindaceae | Kusum Tree |
| Schlumbergera truncata | | Cactaceae | Crab Cactus |
| Schoenoplectus lacustris | | Cyperaceae | Common Clubrush |
| Schrebera swietenioides | | Oleaceae | Weaver's Beam Tree |
| Sclerocarpus africanus | | Asteraceae | African Bonebract |
| Scoparia dulcis | | Scrophulariaceae | Sweet Broom Weed |
| Scorzonera hispanica | Scorzonera sativa, Scorzonera edulisScorzonera communis | Asteraceae | Black Salsify |
| Scrophularia edgeworthii | | Scrophulariaceae | Edgeworth's Figwort |
| Scrophularia elatior | Scrophularia petitmenginii | Scrophulariaceae | Himalayan Figwort |
| Scurrula elata | Loranthus elatus | Loranthaceae | Tall Mistletoe |
| Scurrula pulverulenta | Loranthus pulverulentus | Loranthaceae | Powdery Mistletoe |
| Scutellaria discolor | Scutellaria indica | Lamiaceae | Bicolor Skullcap |
| Scutellaria grossa | Scutellaria mussooriensis | Lamiaceae | Thick Skullcap |
| Scutellaria linearis | | Lamiaceae | Narrow-Leaved Skullcap |
| Scutellaria prostrata | | Lamiaceae | Prostrate Skullcap |
| Scutellaria repens | Scutellaria cana, Scutellaria wallichiana | Lamiaceae | Creeping Skullcap |
| Scutellaria scandens | Scutellaria angulosa | Lamiaceae | Climbing Skullcap |
| Scutia myrtina | Rhammus myrtinus, Scutia indica, Scutia circumscissa | Rhamnaceae | Cat Thorn |
| Sechium edule | | Cucurbitaceae | Chaco |
| Sedum album | | Crassulaceae | White Stonecrop |
| Sedum ewersii | | Crassulaceae | Pink Sedum |
| Sedum morganianum | | Crassulaceae | Donkey Tail |
| Sedum multicaule | | Crassulaceae | Multi-Stem Sedum |
| Sedum oreades | | Crassulaceae | Mountain Sedum |
| Sedum pachyphyllum | | Crassulaceae | Stonecrop |
| Sedum sexangulare | | Crassulaceae | Tasteless Stonecrop |
| Sedum spectabile | | Crassulaceae | Showy Sedum |
| Selinum vaginatum | Cortia vaginata | Apiaceae | Bhutkeshi |
| Selinum wallichianum | Selinum tenuifolium, Peucedanum wallichianum, Selinum candollei | Apiaceae | Milk Parsley |
| Semecarpus anacardium | Anacardium orientale | Anacardiaceae | Marking Nut |
| Senecio cephalophorus | Kleinia cephalophora | Asteraceae | Blazing Glory |
| Senecio confusus | | Asteraceae | Mexican Flame Vine |
| Senecio graciliflorus | | Asteraceae | Graceful Senecio |
| Senecio grahamii | Senecio bombayensis, Senecio reticulatus | Asteraceae | Sonki |
| Senecio jacquemontianus | Senecillis jacquemontiana | Asteraceae | Jacquemont's Senecio |
| Senecio laetus | Senecio chrysanthemoides, Senecio rosulifer, Senecio scapiformis | Asteraceae | Cheerful Sececio |
| Senecio nudicaulis | Senecio pallens, Senecio esquirolii, Senecio blattariaefolia | Asteraceae | Bare-Stem Senecio |
| Senecio pendulus | Kleinia pendula | Asteraceae | Inch Worm |
| Senecio raphanifolius | Senecio diversifolius | Asteraceae | Diverse Leaved Senecio |
| Senecio vulgaris | | Asteraceae | Common Groundsel |
| Senna alata | Cassia alata | Caesalpiniaceae | Candle Bush |
| Senna auriculata | Cassia auriculata | Caesalpiniaceae | Tanner's Cassia |
| Senna didymobotrya | Cassia didymobotrya, Cassia nairobensis | Caesalpiniaceae | Popcorn Cassia |
| Senna hirsuta var. hirsuta | Cassia hirsuta | Caesalpiniaceae | Woolly Cassia |
| Senna multiglandulosa | Cassia albida, Cassia cana, Cassia lutescens, Cassia multiglandulosa, Cassia tomentosa, Cassia wightiana | Caesalpiniaceae | Buttercup Bush |
| Senna polyphylla | Cassia polyphylla | Caesalpiniaceae | Desert Cassia |
| Senna siamea | Cassia siamea | Caesalpiniaceae | Siamese Cassia |
| Senna sophera | Cassia sophera, Cassia torosa | Caesalpiniaceae | Sophera Senna |
| Senna spectabilis | Cassia spectabilis, Cassia excelsa, Cassia carnaval | Caesalpiniaceae | Spectacular Cassia |
| Senna sulfurea | Cassia sulfurea, Senna surattensis var. glauca | Caesalpiniaceae | Sulphur Cassia |
| Senna surattensis | Cassia surattensis | Caesalpiniaceae | Glaucous Cassia |
| Senna tora | Cassia tora | Caesalpiniaceae | Stinking Cassia |
| Senna uniflora | Cassia uniflora, Cassia sericea | Caesalpiniaceae | Oneleaf Senna |
| Seriphidium brevifolium | Artemisia brevifolia | Asteraceae | Short-Leaved Wormwood |
| Serissa foetida 'Flore Pleno' | Serissa japonica, Lycium japonicum, Lycium foetidum | Rubiaceae | Snow Rose double |
| Serissa foetida 'Variegata' | Serissa japonica, Lycium japonicum, Lycium foetidum | Rubiaceae | Snow Rose |
| Serissa foetida 'Variegated Pink' | Serissa japonica | Rubiaceae | Pink Snow Rose |
| Sesamum indicum | Sesamum orientale, Sesamum mulayanum | Pedaliaceae | Sesame |
| Sesamum laciniatum | | Pedaliaceae | Indian Sesame Oil Plant |
| Sesbania bispinosa | Sesbania aculeata, Aeschynomene aculeata | Fabaceae | Prickly Sesban |
| Sesbania grandiflora | Sesban coccinea, Agati grandiflora, Coronilla grandiflora | Fabaceae | Agati |
| Sesbania punicea | | Fabaceae | Rattlebox |
| Sesbania sesban | | Fabaceae | Common Sesban |
| Sesuvium portulacastrum | Portulaca portulacastrum | Aizoaceae | Sea Purslane |
| Setaria pumila ssp. pumila | Panicum pumilum, Setaria glauca, Chaetochloa lutescens | Poaceae | Yellow Foxtail |
| Setaria verticillata | Panicum verticillatum, Pennisetum verticillatum | Poaceae | Bristly Foxtail |
| Setaria viridis | Panicum viride, Setaria italica subsp. viridis | Poaceae | Green Foxtail |
| Shorea robusta | | Dipterocarpaceae | Sal |
| Shorea roxburghii | | Dipterocarpaceae | Taloora Lac Tree |
| Shuteria involucrata | Shuteria sinensis, Shuteria vestita, Glycine involucrata | Fabaceae | Clothed Shuteria |
| Sibbaldia cuneata | Potentilla sibbaldi, Sibbaldia parviflora | Rosaceae | Wedge Leaf Sibbaldia |
| Sibbaldia micropetala | Potentilla albifolia, Potentilla mairei, Potentilla micropetala | Rosaceae | Small-Flowered Sibbaldia |
| Sibbaldia purpurea | Potentilla purpurea | Rosaceae | Purple Glow Wort |
| Sibbaldia tetrandra | Potentilla tetrandra, Dryadanthe tetrandra, Dryadanthe bungeana | Rosaceae | Four-Stamen Sibbaldia |
| Sida acuta | Sida carpinifolia | Malvaceae | Common Wireweed |
| Sida cordata | Melochia cordata, Sida humilis, Sida veronicifolia | Malvaceae | Long-Stalk Sida |
| Sida cordifolia | Sida herbacea, Sida holosericea | Malvaceae | Heart-Leaf Sida |
| Sida mysorensis | Sida glutinosa, Sida urticifolia, Sida wightiana | Malvaceae | Mysore Fanpetals |
| Sida ovata | Sida aurescens, Sida dinterana, Sida flexuosa, Sida grewioides | Malvaceae | Oval-Leaf Fan-Petals |
| Sida rhombifolia | | Malvaceae | Jelly Leaf |
| Sida spinosa | | Malvaceae | Prickly Fan-Petals |
| Sidastrum micranthum | Sida micrantha | Malvaceae | Dainty Sand Mallow |
| Sida yunnanensis | | Malvaceae | Chinese Fan-Petals |
| Sigesbeckia orientalis | Siegesbeckia orientalis, Minyranthes heterophylla | Asteraceae | St Paul's Wort |
| Silene armeria | | Caryophyllaceae | None-so-Pretty |
| Silene caespitella | Silene maheshwarii, Melandrium neocaespitosum, Melandrium xainzaense | Caryophyllaceae | Clustered Campion |
| Silene cashmeriana | Lychnis cashmeriana, Melandrium cashmerianum | Caryophyllaceae | Kashmir Campion |
| Silene conoidea | Conosilene conoidea, Cucubalus conoideus | Caryophyllaceae | Cone Campion |
| Silene coronaria | Agrostemma coronaria, Lychnis coronaria | Caryophyllaceae | Rose Campion |
| Silene falconeriana | | Caryophyllaceae | Falconer's Campion |
| Silene gangotriana | | Caryophyllaceae | Gangotri Campion |
| Silene himalayensis | Lychnis himalayensis, Silene madens, Silene gonosperma var. himalayensis | Caryophyllaceae | Himalayan Campion |
| Silene indica var. edgeworthii | Silene edgeworthii, Lychnis fimbriata, Agrostemma fimbriatum | Caryophyllaceae | Edgeworth's Campion |
| Silene indica var. indica | Lychnis indica, Lychnis ciliata, Melandrium indicum | Caryophyllaceae | Indian Campion |
| Silene pendula | | Caryophyllaceae | Nodding Catchfly |
| Silene vulgaris | | Caryophyllaceae | Bladder Campion |
| Silybum marianum | Carduus marianus, Centaurea dalmatica, Cirsium maculatum | Asteraceae | Milk Thistle |
| Sinningia speciosa | Gloxinia speciosa | Gesneriaceae | Gloxinia |
| Sinopodophyllum hexandrum | Podophyllum hexandrum, Podophyllum emodi | Berberidaceae | Himalayan May Apple |
| Sisymbrium brassiciforme | Sisymbrium ferganense, Hesperis brassiciformis | Brassicaceae | Himalayan Tumble-Mustard |
| Sisymbrium irio | | Brassicaceae | London Rocket |
| Sisymbrium loeselii | | Brassicaceae | Small Tumbleweed Mustard |
| Sisymbrium officinale | Erysimum officinale | Brassicaceae | Hedge Mustard |
| Sium latijugum | | Apiaceae | Large Leaflet Water Parsnip |
| Smilax aspera | | Smilacaceae | Common Smilax |
| Smilax elegans subsp. elegans | Smilax glaucophylla, Smilax parvifolia [Illeg.] | Smilacaceae | Elegant Smilax |
| Smilax ovalifolia | Smilax macrophylla, Smilax zeylanica | Smilacaceae | Kumarika |
| Smithia bigemina | | Fabaceae | Double Paired Smithia |
| Smithia ciliata | Smithia cavaleriei, Smithia coerulescens, Smithia pumila | Fabaceae | Fringed Smithia |
| Smithia conferta | Smithia geminiflora | Fabaceae | Paired Flower Smithia |
| Smithia hirsuta | | Fabaceae | Hairy Smithia |
| Smithia purpurea | | Fabaceae | Purple Smithia |
| Smithia salsuginea | Smithia dichotoma, Damapana dichotoma | Fabaceae | Brackish Smithia |
| Smithia sensitiva | | Fabaceae | Sensitive Smithia |
| Smithia setulosa | | Fabaceae | Bristly Smithia |
| Smithsonia viridiflora | Aerides dalzelliana, Sarcochilus dalzelliana, Micropera viridiflora | Orchidaceae | Guchchha Irid Amri |
| Smitinandia micrantha | Saccolabium micranthum, Ceratochilus micranthus | Orchidaceae | Small Flowered Smitinandia |
| Solandra maxima | | Solanaceae | Cup of Gold |
| Solanum betaceum | Cyphomandra betacea, Solanum crassifolium, Cyphomandra crassifolia | Solanaceae | Tree Tomato |
| Solanum carolinense L. | | Solanaceae | Horse Nettle |
| Solanum diphyllum | | Solanaceae | Twoleaf Nightshade |
| Solanum erianthum | Solanum verbascifolium | Solanaceae | Big Eggplant |
| Solanum laxum | Solanum jasminoides, Solanum boerhaviifolium, Solanum triphyllum | Solanaceae | Potato Vine |
| Solanum macranthum | | Solanaceae | Potato Tree |
| Solanum mammosum | Solanum platanifolium, Solanum globiferum, Solanum mammosissimum | Solanaceae | Nipple Fruit |
| Solanum mauritianum | Solanum auriculatum, Solanum tabacifolium, Solanum verbascifolium var. auriculatum | Solanaceae | Tree Tobacco |
| Solanum melongena | | Solanaceae | Brinjal |
| Solanum nigrum | | Solanaceae | Black Nightshade |
| Solanum pseudocapsicum | | Solanaceae | Jerusalem Cherry |
| Solanum sisymbriifolium | | Solanaceae | Sticky Nightshade |
| Solanum torvum | | Solanaceae | Turkey Berry |
| Solanum trilobatum | | Solanaceae | Purple Fruited Pea Eggplant |
| Solanum tuberosum | | Solanaceae | Potato |
| Solanum viarum | Solanum viridiflorum, Solanum khasianum var. chatterjeeanum | Solanaceae | Tropical Soda Apple |
| Solanum villosum | Solanum alatum, Solanum luteum, Solanum nigrum var. villosum | Solanaceae | Yellow Nightshade |
| Solanum violaceum | Solanum chinense, Solanum indicum | Solanaceae | Indian Nightshade |
| Solanum virginianum | Solanum surattense, Solanum xanthocarpum | Solanaceae | Thorny Nightshade |
| Solanum wendlandii | | Solanaceae | Giant Potato Creeper |
| Solena amplexicaulis | Bryonia amplexicaulis, Melothria amplexicaulis, Solena heterophylla, Zehneria umbellata | Cucurbitaceae | Creeping Cucumber |
| Solenanthus circinatus | Solenanthus rumicifolius, Solenanthus petiolaris, Solenanthus amplifolius | Boraginaceae | Rounded Solenanthus |
| Solidago canadensis | | Asteraceae | Common Goldenrod |
| Solidago gigantea | | Asteraceae | Giant Goldenrod |
| Solidago virgaurea | Aster virgaurea, Solidago nudiflora, Solidago vulgaris | Asteraceae | European Goldenrod |
| Soliva anthemifolia | Gymnostyles anthemifolia | Asteraceae | Button Burrweed |
| Sonchus arvensis | | Asteraceae | Field Sow-Thistle |
| Sonchus asper | | Asteraceae | Prickly Sow-Thistle |
| Sonchus oleraceus | | Asteraceae | Sow Thistle |
| Sonerila erecta | Sonerila cheliensis, Sonerila tenera, Sonerila epilobioides | Melastomataceae | Erect Sonerila |
| Sonerila scapigera | | Melastomataceae | Scaped Sonerila |
| Sonneratia alba | | Lythraceae | Sweet-Scented Apple Mangrove |
| Sonneratia apetala | | Lythraceae | Sonneratia Mangrove |
| Sonneratia caseolaris | | Lythraceae | Apple Mangrove |
| Sophora tomentosa | | Fabaceae | Necklace Pod |
| Sopubia delphinifolia | | Scrophulariaceae | Common Sopubia |
| Sopubia trifida | Gerardia scabra, Gerardia sopubia | Scrophulariaceae | Split Leaf Sopubia |
| Sorbaria tomentosa | Spiraea lindleyana, Spiraea sorbifolia | Rosaceae | Kashmir False Spirea |
| Sorbus hupehensis | | Rosaceae | Hupeh Rowan |
| Sorbus lanata | Pyrus lanata | Rosaceae | Hairy Rowan |
| Sorbus microphylla | | Rosaceae | Small Leaf Rowan |
| Sorbus wallichii | Pyrus wallichii | Rosaceae | Wallich's Rowan |
| Sorghum bicolor | | Poaceae | Jowar |
| Sorghum halepense | Andropogon halepensis | Poaceae | Johnson Grass |
| Soymida febrifuga | Swietenia febrifuga | Meliaceae | Indian Redwood |
| Spartium junceum | | Fabaceae | Spanish Broom |
| Spathiphyllum wallisii | | Araceae | Peace Lily |
| Spathodea campanulata | | Bignoniaceae | African Tulip Tree |
| Spathoglottis plicata | | Orchidaceae | Ground Orchid |
| Spatholobus parviflorus | Butea parviflora, Spatholobus roxburghii, Butea sericophylla | Fabaceae | Bando Lata |
| Spergula arvensis | | Caryophyllaceae | Corn Spurry |
| Spergularia marina | Arenaria rubra var. marina, Spergularia salina | Caryophyllaceae | Salt Sand Spurry |
| Spergularia rubra | | Caryophyllaceae | Purple Sand Spurry |
| Spermacoce articularis | Spermacoce scabra, Borreria articularis, Spermacoce flexuosa | Rubiaceae | Jointed Buttonweed |
| Spermacoce ocymoides | Borreria ocymoides, Spermacoce tenera, Spermacoce domingensis | Rubiaceae | Purple Leaved Button Weed |
| Spermacoce pusilla | Spermacoce kleinii, Spermacoce gardneri, Borreria pusilla | Rubiaceae | Tiny False Buttonweed |
| Spermadictyon suaveolens | Hamiltonia suaveolens, Hamiltonia mysorensis | Rubiaceae | Forest Champa |
| Spermadictyon suaveolens var. azureum | Spermadictyon azureum | Rubiaceae | Blue Forest Champa |
| Sphaeranthus africanus | Sphaeranthus ovalis, Sphaeranthus alatus, Sphaeranthus microcephalus | Asteraceae | African Globe Thistle |
| Sphaeranthus indicus | | Asteraceae | East Indian Globe Thistle |
| Spinifex littoreus | | Poaceae | Ravan's Moustache |
| Spiraea bella | | Rosaceae | Pretty Spirea |
| Spiraea canescens | Spiraea flagelliformis, Spiraea rotundifolia | Rosaceae | Grey Stem Spiraea |
| Spiraea cantoniensis | | Rosaceae | Reeves' Spirea |
| Spiraea douglasii | | Rosaceae | Douglas Spiraea |
| Spiraea japonica | | Rosaceae | Japanese Spirea |
| Spiraea prunifolia | | Rosaceae | Bridal Wreath Spiraea |
| Spiranthes sinensis | Spiranthes lancea, Spiranthes pudica, Spiranthes australis | Orchidaceae | Chinese Lady's-Tresses |
| Spondias pinnata | Spondias mangifera, Mangifera pinnata | Anacardiaceae | Wild Mango |
| Stachyphrynium spicatum | Stachyphrynium zeylanicum, Stachyphrynium sinense, Maranta caespitosa | Marantaceae | Marsh Maranta |
| Stachys emodi | Stachys sericea, Stachys splendens | Lamiaceae | Silky Woundwort |
| Stachys floccosa | | Lamiaceae | Woolly Woundwort |
| Stachys melissifolia | | Lamiaceae | Bee Leaf Woundwort |
| Stachys tibetica | | Lamiaceae | Tibetan Woundwort |
| Stachytarpheta australis | | Verbenaceae | White Porterweed |
| Stachytarpheta cayennensis | Stachytarpheta dichotoma, Stachytarpheta urticaefolia, Verbena cayennensis | Verbenaceae | Blue Snakeweed |
| Stachytarpheta indica | | Verbenaceae | Indian Snakeweed |
| Stachytarpheta jamaicensis | | Verbenaceae | Blue Porterweed |
| Stachytarpheta mutabilis | Verbena mutabilis | Verbenaceae | Pink Snakeweed |
| Staurogyne zeylanica | Ebermaiera zeylanica, Erythracanthus elongatus | Acanthaceae | Ceylon Staurogyne |
| Stellaria graminea | | Caryophyllaceae | Grasslike Starwort |
| Stellaria media | | Caryophyllaceae | Chickweed |
| Stemodia viscosa | | Scrophulariaceae | Sticky Blue Rod |
| Stenotaphrum dimidiatum | Stenotaphrum glabrum, Panicum dimidiatum | Poaceae | Pemba Grass |
| Stephania elegans | | Menispermaceae | Elegant Tape Vine |
| Stephania gracilenta | | Menispermaceae | Slender Tape Vine |
| Stephania japonica | Menispermum japonicum, Cissampelos hemandifolia, | Menispermaceae | Tape Vine |
| Stephanotis floribunda | | Asclepiadaceae | Madagascar Jasmine |
| Sterculia foetida | | Sterculiaceae | Java Olive |
| Sterculia guttata | | Sterculiaceae | Spotted Sterculia |
| Sterculia hamiltonii | Sterculia coccinea | Sterculiaceae | Shrub Sterculia |
| Sterculia urens | | Sterculiaceae | Gum Karaya |
| Sterculia villosa | | Sterculiaceae | Hairy Sterculia |
| Stereospermum chelonoides | Bignonia chelonoides, Bignonia suaveolens, Stereospermum suaveolens | Bignoniaceae | Fragrant Padri Tree |
| Stereospermum tetragonum | Bignonia colais, Stereospermum colais, Stereospermum personatum | Bignoniaceae | Yellow Snake Tree |
| Stevia ovata | | Asteraceae | Candyleaf |
| Stevia rebaudiana | Eupatorium rebaudianum | Asteraceae | Stevia |
| Stictocardia beraviensis | Ipomoea beraviensis | Convolvulaceae | Hawaiian Sunset Vine |
| Stokesia laevis | | Asteraceae | Stokes Aster |
| Streblus asper | | Moraceae | Sand Paper Tree |
| Strelitzia reginae | | Strelitziaceae | Bird of Paradise |
| Streptocarpus rexii | Didymocarpus rexii | Gesneriaceae | Cape Primrose |
| Streptopus simplex | | Liliaceae | Simple Twisted Stalk |
| Streptosolen jamesonii | | Solanaceae | Marmalade Bush |
| Striga asiatica | Striga lutea | Scrophulariaceae | Asiatic Witchweed |
| Striga densiflora | | Scrophulariaceae | Denseflower Witchweed |
| Striga gesnerioides | | Scrophulariaceae | Purple Witchweed |
| Strobilanthes atropurpureus | Ruellia atropurpurea | Acanthaceae | Deep-Blue Curved Bells |
| Strobilanthes auriculata | Perilepta auriculata | Acanthaceae | Eared Leaf Strobilanthes |
| Strobilanthes callosus | Carvia callosa | Acanthaceae | Karvy |
| Strobilanthes cusia | Strobilanthes flaccidifolius | Acanthaceae | Assam Indigo |
| Strobilanthes dalhousieanus | Goldfussia dalhousiana | Acanthaceae | Dalhousie Blue Bells |
| Strobilanthes frondosa | | Acanthaceae | Leafy Strobilanthes |
| Strobilanthes glutinosus | Ruellia glutinosa, Pseudaechmanthera glutinosa | Acanthaceae | Sticky Ruellia |
| Strobilanthes ixiocephalus | Thelepaepale ixiocephala | Acanthaceae | Sky Blue Karvy |
| Strobilanthes kunthiana | | Acanthaceae | Kurinji |
| Strobilanthes maculata | Ruellia maculata | Acanthaceae | Spotted Strobilanthes |
| Strobilanthes micranthus | | Acanthaceae | Small Flowered Strobilanthes |
| Strobilanthes sabiniana | Ruellia sabiniana, Strobilanthes sabiniana var. argentea | Acanthaceae | Sabine's Strobilanthes |
| Strobilanthes urticifolia | Strobilanthes attenuata, Strobilanthes alatus, Pteracanthus urticifolius | Acanthaceae | Blue Nettle |
| Strobilanthes wallichii | Pteracanthus alatus, Ruellia alata, Goldfussia thomsonii | Acanthaceae | Wallich's Conehead |
| Strobilanthes warreensis | Nilgirianthus warreensis | Acanthaceae | Wadi Karvi |
| Strophanthus boivinii | Roupellina boivinii | Apocynaceae | Corkscrew Flower |
| Strophanthus gratus | | Apocynaceae | Climbing Oleander |
| Strychnos nux-vomica | | Loganiaceae | Nux Vomica |
| Stylosanthes fruticosa | Arachis fruticosa, Stylosanthes bojeri, Stylosanthes mucronata | Fabaceae | Shrubby Pencil-Flower |
| Stylosanthes hamata | Hedysarum hamatum, Stylosanthes eriocarpa, Stylosanthes humilis, Stylosanthes procumbens | Fabaceae | Caribbean Stylo |
| Styphnolobium japonicum | Sophora japonica | Fabaceae | Chinese Scholar Tree |
| Suaeda corniculata var. olufsenii | Suaeda olufsenii | Chenopodiaceae | Olufsen's Seepweed |
| Suaeda maritima | Chenopodium maritimum | Chenopodiaceae | Annual Sea-Blite |
| Sulcorebutia arenacea | Rebutia arenacea, Weingartia arenacea | Cactaceae | Sandy Rebutia |
| Suregada multiflora | Gelonium multiflorum | Euphorbiaceae | False Lime |
| Swainsona formosa | Clianthus formosus | Fabaceae | Sturt's Desert Pea |
| Swertia angustifolia | | Gentianaceae | Narrow-Leaved Swertia |
| Swertia bimaculata | Ophelia bimaculata | Gentianaceae | Double-Spotted Swertia |
| Swertia chirayita | Swertia chirata, Ophelia chirata | Gentianaceae | Chirayita |
| Swertia ciliata | Ophelia ciliata, Ophelia purpurascens | Gentianaceae | Ciliated Swertia |
| Swertia cordata | Ophelia cordata | Gentianaceae | Heart-Leaf Swertia |
| Swertia densifolia | | Gentianaceae | Dense Leaved Swertia |
| Swertia hookeri | | Gentianaceae | Indian Gentian |
| Swertia minor | Ophelia minor, Pleurogyna minor | Gentianaceae | Lesser Swertia |
| Swertia paniculata | Ophelia paniculata, Ophelia wallichii, Swertia gracilescens | Gentianaceae | Panicled Swertia |
| Swertia speciosa | | Gentianaceae | Showy Swertia |
| Swietenia macrophylla | | Meliaceae | Big-Leaf Mahogany |
| Symphorema involucratum | | Verbenaceae | Bhingri |
| Symphorema polyandrum | | Verbenaceae | South Indian Symphorema |
| Symphyotrichum novi-belgii | | Asteraceae | New York Aster |
| Symphytum officinale | Symphytum uliginosum | Boraginaceae | Comfrey |
| Symplocos glomerata | | Symplocaceae | Clustered Sapphire Berry |
| Synadenium grantii | | Euphorbiaceae | African Milk Bush |
| Synedrella nodiflora | Verbesina nodiflora | Asteraceae | Cinderella Weed |
| Syngonium spp. | | Araceae | Arrowhead Plant |
| Synotis rufinervis | Senecio rufinervis | Asteraceae | Red-Nerved Senecio |
| Syringa emodi | | Oleaceae | Himalayan Lilac |
| Syzygium caryophyllatum | Myrtus caryophyllata, Syzygium caryophyllaeum, Eugenia corymbosa | Myrtaceae | South Indian Plum |
| Syzygium cumini | | Myrtaceae | Jamun |
| Syzygium hemisphericum | Jambosa hemispherica, Eugenia hemispherica, Strongylocalyx hemisphaericus | Myrtaceae | Hemispheric Rose-Apple |
| Syzygium heyneanum | Eugenia heyneana | Myrtaceae | Kath Jamun |
| Syzygium jambos | | Myrtaceae | Malabar Plum |
| Syzygium laetum | | Myrtaceae | Dev Jambhul |
| Syzygium malaccense | Eugenia malaccensis, Jambosa malaccensis | Myrtaceae | Malay Apple |
| Syzygium nervosum | Cleistocalyx nervosum, Cleistocalyx operculatus, Eugenia operculata, Syzygium operculatum | Myrtaceae | Rai Jamun |
| Syzygium samarangense | Eugenia javanica | Myrtaceae | Wax Apple |
| Syzygium zeylanicum | Eugenia zeylanica, Eugenia spicata | Myrtaceae | Spicate Eugenia |
| Tabebuia aurea | Tabebuia caraiba | Bignoniaceae | Caribbean Trumpet Tree |
| Tabebuia berteroi | Tecoma berteroi | Bignoniaceae | Hispaniolan Rosy Trumpet Tree |
| Tabebuia heterophylla | Tabebuia pallida, Tabebuia pentaphylla | Bignoniaceae | Cuban Pink Trumpet Tree |
| Tabebuia rosea | | Bignoniaceae | Pink Trumpet Tree |
| Tabebuia roseo-alba | | Bignoniaceae | White Trumpet Tree |
| Tabernaemontana alternifolia | Ervatamia heyneana, Tabernaemontana heyneana | Apocynaceae | Nag Kuda |
| Tabernaemontana divaricata 'Flore Pleno' | | Apocynaceae | Crape Jasmine Flore Pleno |
| Tabernaemontana divaricata | Tabernaemontana citrifolia, Tabernaemontana coronaria, Nerium coronarium | Apocynaceae | Crape Jasmine |
| Tabernaemontana rostrata | Tabernaemontana crispa | Apocynaceae | Orange Dutchman's Shoes |
| Tacca chantrieri | | Dioscoreaceae | Bat Flower |
| Tacca leontopetaloides | Tacca hawaiiensis, Tacca involucrata, Tacca pinnatifida | Dioscoreaceae | Fiji Arrowroot |
| Tadehagi triquetrum | Desmodium triquetrum, Hedysarum triquetrum, Pteroloma triquetrum | Fabaceae | Trefle Gros |
| Tagetes erecta | | Asteraceae | Marigold orange |
| Tagetes erecta | | Asteraceae | Marigold yellow |
| Tagetes minuta | | Asteraceae | Wild Marigold |
| Talinum fruticosum | Talinum triangulare, Portulaca triangularis, Portulaca fruticosa | Portulacaceae | Ceylon Spinach |
| Talinum paniculatum | Talinum patens, Portulaca patens | Dioscoreaceae | Jewels of Opar |
| Talipariti hastatum | Hibiscus hastatus, Hibiscus tiliaceus subsp. hastatus | Malvaceae | Lobed Leaf Sea Hibiscus |
| Talipariti tiliaceum | Hibiscus tiliaceus, Hibiscus tiliaceus subsp. tiliaceus | Malvaceae | Sea Hibiscus |
| Tamarindus indica | | Caesalpiniaceae | Tamarind |
| Tamarix aphylla | Thuja aphylla, Tamarix articulata | Tamaricaceae | Athel Pine |
| Tamarix gallica var. indica | Tamarix indica | Tamaricaceae | Indian Tamarisk |
| Tamarix ramosissima | Tamarix altaica, Tamarix eversmannii, Tamarix odessana | Tamaricaceae | Salt Cedar |
| Tamilnadia uliginosa | Gardenia uliginosa, Catunaregam uliginosa, Randia uliginosa, Gardenia pomifera | Rubiaceae | Divine Jasmine |
| Tanacetum cinerariifolium | Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, Chrysanthemum rigidum | Asteraceae | Dalmatian Chrysanthemum |
| Tanacetum mutellinum | | Asteraceae | Prostrate Tansy |
| Tanacetum parthenium | Chrysantheim parthenium, Pyrethrum parthenium | Asteraceae | Feverfew |
| Taraxacum candidatum | | Asteraceae | White Himalayan Dandelion |
| Taraxacum officinale | | Asteraceae | Dandelion |
| Tarenna asiatica | Rondeletia asiatica, Webera corymbosa, Chomelia asiatica | Rubiaceae | Asiatic Tarenna |
| Taverniera cuneifolia | Taverniera glabra, Hedysarum cuneifolium, Taverniera nummularia | Fabaceae | Wedge-Leaf Taverniera |
| Taxillus tomentosus | Loranthus tomentosus | Loranthaceae | Hairy Mistletoe |
| Taxodium mucronatum | | Cupressaceae | Mexican Cypress |
| Taxus wallichiana | Taxus baccata subsp. wallichiana, Taxus orientalis | Taxaceae | Himalayan Yew |
| Tecoma capensis | Tecomaria capensis, Bignonia capensis | Bignoniaceae | Cape Honeysuckle |
| Tecoma castanifolia | | Bignoniaceae | Chestnutleaf Trumpetbush |
| Tecoma fulva | Bignonia fulva | Bignoniaceae | Cahuato |
| Tecoma stans | | Bignoniaceae | Yellow Bells |
| Tecoma stans var. angustata | | Bignoniaceae | Yellow Trumpet Flower |
| Tecomella undulata | Tecoma undulata, Bignonia undulata | Bignoniaceae | Roheda |
| Tectona grandis | | Verbenaceae | Teak |
| Telosma cordata | Telosma minor, Pergularia minor, Oxystelma ovatum, Telosma odoratissima, Asclepias cordata, Pergularia odoratissima | Asclepiadaceae | Fragrant Telosma |
| Telosma pallida | Asclepias pallida, Pergularia pallida | Asclepiadaceae | Telosma Vine |
| Tephrosia candida | Cracca candida, Xiphocarpus candidus | Fabaceae | White Hoary Pea |
| Tephrosia purpurea | | Fabaceae | Wild Indigo |
| Tephrosia strigosa | | Fabaceae | Bristly Tephrosia |
| Tephrosia tinctoria | Galega tinctoria, Cracca tinctoria, Tephrosia pulcherrima | Fabaceae | Orange Tephrosia |
| Teramnus labialis var. mollis | Glycine labialis, Glycine debilis | Fabaceae | Blue Wiss |
| Terminalia arjuna | | Combretaceae | Arjun Tree |
| Terminalia bellirica | Myrobalanus bellirica | Combretaceae | Baheda |
| Terminalia calamansanai | Gimbernatea calamansanai, Terminalia pyrifolia, Terminalia bialata | Combretaceae | Philippine Almond |
| Terminalia catappa | | Combretaceae | Indian Almond |
| Terminalia chebula | | Combretaceae | Chebulic Myrobalan |
| Terminalia elliptica | Terminalia alata | Combretaceae | Asan |
| Terminalia muelleri | Myrobalanus muelleri | Combretaceae | Australian Almond |
| Terminalia paniculata | Pentaptera paniculata | Combretaceae | Kindal Tree |
| Tetrameles nudiflora | Anictoclea grahamiana, Tetrameles grahamiana | Tetramelaceae | False Hemp Tree |
| Tetrastigma bracteolatum | Vitis bracteolata | Vitaceae | Monjam Hei |
| Tetrataenium pinnatum | Heracleum pinnatum | Apiaceae | Pinnate-Leaved Hogweed |
| Teucrium royleanum | Teucrium edelbergii | Lamiaceae | Royle's Germander |
| Thalictrum alpinum | | Ranunculaceae | Alpine Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum cultratum | Thalictrum deciternatum | Ranunculaceae | Knife-like Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum dalzellii | | Ranunculaceae | Hill Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum foliolosum | | Ranunculaceae | Leafy Meadow-Rue |
| Thalictrum reniforme | | Ranunculaceae | Purple Meadow Rue |
| Thalictrum virgatum | | Ranunculaceae | Virgate Meadow Rue |
| Theobroma cacao | | Sterculiaceae | Cocoa Tree |
| Thermopsis barbata | | Fabaceae | Black Pea |
| Theropogon pallidus | | Liliaceae | Himalayan Theropogon |
| Thespesia lampas | Azanza lampas, Hibiscus lampas | Malvaceae | Ban Kapas |
| Thespesia populnea | | Malvaceae | Indian Tulip Tree |
| Thevetia peruviana | Thevetia neriifolia, Cascabela thevetia | Apocynaceae | Mexican Oleander |
| Thladiantha cordifolia | Thladiantha calcarata | Cucurbitaceae | Himalayan Goldencreeper |
| Thlaspi arvense | Thlaspi collinum, Crucifera thlaspi, Thlaspidium arvense | Brassicaceae | Field Penny-Cress |
| Thlaspi cochleariforme | Noccaea cochleariforme, Thlaspi exauriculatum, Lepidium thlaspidioides | Brassicaceae | Spoon-Leaf Penny-Cress |
| Thottea siliquosa | Apama siliquosa | Aristolochiaceae | Chakrani |
| Thrinax radiata | Thrinax floridana, Coccothrinax radiata | Arecaceae | Florida Thatch Palm |
| Thunbergia alata | | Acanthaceae | Black-Eyed Susan Vine |
| Thunbergia coccinea | | Acanthaceae | Scarlet Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia erecta | Meyenia erecta | Acanthaceae | King's Mantle |
| Thunbergia fragrans | | Acanthaceae | Sweet Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia grandiflora | | Acanthaceae | Bengal Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia laurifolia | Thunbergia grandiflora var. laurifolia, Thunbergia harrisii | Acanthaceae | Laurel Clock Vine |
| Thunbergia mysorensis | Hexacentris mysorensis | Acanthaceae | Mysore Clock Vine |
| Thunia alba var. alba | Thunia marshalliana, Phaius marshallianus, Phajus marshallianus | Orchidaceae | White Thunia |
| Thymophylla tenuiloba | Dyssodia tenuiloba | Asteraceae | Dahlberg Daisy |
| Thymus linearis | Thymus himalayicus | Lamiaceae | Himalayan Thyme |
| Thysanolaena latifolia | Thysanolaena maxima, Agrostis maxima, Melica latifolia, Thysanolaena agrostis | Poaceae | Tiger Grass |
| Tibetia himalaica | Gueldenstaedtia himalaica, Gueldenstaedtia uniflora | Fabaceae | Himalayan Tibetia |
| Tibouchina urvilleana | Tibouchina maudhiana, Tibouchina semidecandra, Lasiandra semidecandra | Melastomataceae | Princess Flower |
| Tigridia pavonia | | Iridaceae | Tiger Flower |
| Tilia cordata | Tilia parvifolia, Tilia ulmifolia | Tiliaceae | Small Leaved Lime |
| Tilia platyphyllos | | Tiliaceae | Large-Leaf Lime |
| Tinantia erecta | Tradescantia erecta, Pomogesia erecta, Tinantia fugax | Commelinaceae | Upright Spiderwort |
| Tinospora cordifolia | | Menispermaceae | Gulbel |
| Tinospora sinensis | Campylus sinensis, Tinospora malabarica | Menispermaceae | Malabar Gulbel |
| Tipuana tipu | Machaerium tipu, Tipuana speciosa | Fabaceae | Tipu Tree |
| Tithonia diversifolia | | Asteraceae | Giant Mexican Sunflower |
| Tithonia rotundiflora | | Asteraceae | Mexican Sunflower |
| Tolypanthus lagenifer | Loranthus lageniferus | Loranthaceae | Indian Tolypanthus |
| Toona ciliata | | Meliaceae | Toon Tree |
| Toona sinensis | Toona serrata, Toona glabra, Cedrela sinensis | Meliaceae | Chinese Toon |
| Torenia cordifolia | Torenia Indica | Linderniaceae | Indian Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia fournieri 'Catalina Pink' | | Linderniaceae | Wishbone Flower pink |
| Torenia fournieri | | Linderniaceae | Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia thouarsii | Torenia parviflora, Nortenia thouarsii, Torenia ramosissima | Linderniaceae | Small Wishbone Flower |
| Torenia violacea | Mimulus violaceus, Torenia peduncularis | Linderniaceae | Violet Wishbone Flower |
| Torilis japonica | Caucalis japonica, Torilis anthriscus, Caucalis anthriscus | Apiaceae | Upright Hedge Parsley |
| Torilis nodosa | | Apiaceae | Knotted Hedge-Parsley |
| Toxicodendron parviflorum | Rhus parviflora | Anacardiaceae | Small Flowered Poison Sumac |
| Toxicodendron vernicifluum | Rhus succedanea var. himalaica, Rhus verniciflua | Anacardiaceae | Chinese Varnish Tree |
| Trachelospermum jasminoides | | Apocynaceae | Confederate Jasmine |
| Trachelospermum lucidum | Trachelospermum fragrans, Alstonia lucida, Echites triangularis | Apocynaceae | Shining Star Jasmine |
| Trachycarpus fortunei | Chamaerops fortunei, Trachycarpus wagnerianus, Trachycarpus caespitosus | Arecaceae | Windmill Palm |
| Trachycarpus takil | | Arecaceae | Kumaon Palm |
| Trachyspermum ammi | Sison ammi, Trachyspermum copticum, Carum ajowan | Apiaceae | Ajwain |
| Trachyspermum roxburghianum | Pimpinella lateriflora, Pimpinella dalzellii, Carum roxburghianum | Apiaceae | Wild Celery |
| Tradescantia fluminensis | Tradescantia albiflora | Commelinaceae | White Spiderwort |
| Tradescantia pallida | | Commelinaceae | Purple Heart |
| Tradescantia sillamontana | | Commelinaceae | Cobweb Spiderwort |
| Tradescantia spathacea | Rhoeo spathacea | Commelinaceae | Moses in the Cradle |
| Tradescantia virginiana | Tradescantia congesta, Tradescantia speciosa, Ephemerum congestum | Commelinaceae | Virginia Spiderwort |
| Tragia involucrata | | Euphorbiaceae | Climbing Nettle |
| Tragopogon gracilis | Tragopogon junceum | Asteraceae | Slender Salsify |
| Tragopogon kashmirianus | | Asteraceae | Kashmir Salsify |
| Tragus roxburghii | Lappago biflora, Nazia racemosa, Tragus biflorus | Poaceae | Indian Bur Grass |
| Trema orientalis | | Cannabaceae | Indian Charcoal Tree |
| Trevesia palmata | Gastonia palmata, Gilibertia palmata | Araliaceae | Snowflake Tree |
| Triadica sebifera | Sapium sebiferum, Seborium chinense, Croton sebiferum | Euphorbiaceae | Chicken Tree |
| Trianthema portulacastrum | Trianthema monogyna | Aizoaceae | Desert Horse Purslane |
| Tribulus terrestris | | Zygophyllaceae | Puncture Vine |
| Trichaurus ericoides | Tamarix ericoides | Tamaricaceae | Erica Tamarisk |
| Trichodesma inaequale | Trichodesma amplexicaule | Boraginaceae | Clasping-Leaf Borage |
| Trichodesma indicum | | Boraginaceae | Indian Borage |
| Trichodesma zeylanicum | Borago zeylanica, Pollichia zeylanica, Borraginoides zeylanica | Boraginaceae | Camel Bush |
| Tricholepis amplexicaulis | | Asteraceae | Dahan |
| Tricholepis glaberrima | | Asteraceae | Smooth Tricholepis |
| Tricholepis radicans | | Asteraceae | Lahan |
| Tricholepis roylei | | Asteraceae | Royle's Tricholepis |
| Trichosanthes cucumerina | | Cucurbitaceae | Snake Gourd |
| Trichosanthes tricuspidata | Trichosanthes palmata, Trichosanthes bracteata, Modecca bracteata | Cucurbitaceae | Indrayan |
| Tridax procumbens | | Asteraceae | Tridax Daisy |
| Trifolium campestre | Trifolium procumbens, Trifolium pumilum | Fabaceae | Hop Trefoil |
| Trifolium dubium | Trifolium minus, Trifolium filiforme | Fabaceae | Lesser Hop Trefoil |
| Trifolium fragiferum | Amoria fragifera, Trifolium neglectu, Trifolium bonannii | Fabaceae | Strawberry Clover |
| Trifolium pratense | | Fabaceae | Red Clover |
| Trifolium repens | | Fabaceae | White Clover |
| Trifolium resupinatum | Trifolium clusii | Fabaceae | Reversed Clover |
| Triglochin maritima | Juncago maritima, Triglochin elata, Triglochin salina | Juncaginaceae | Sea Arrowgrass |
| Trigonella corniculata | Trifolium corniculatum | Fabaceae | Cultivated Fenugreek |
| Trigonella emodi | | Fabaceae | Himalayan Fenugreek |
| Trigonella foenum-graecum | | Fabaceae | Fenugreek |
| Trigonella gracilis | | Fabaceae | Slender Fenugreek |
| Trillium govanianum | Trillidium govanianum | Melanthiaceae | Himalayan Trillium |
| Triplaris weigeltiana | Blochmannia weigeltiana, Triplaris surinamensis | Polygonaceae | Ant Tree |
| Tristellateia australasiae | | Malpighiaceae | Australian Gold Vine |
| Triticum aestivum | | Poaceae | Wheat |
| Triumfetta annua | | Tiliaceae | Orange Burr-Bush |
| Triumfetta pentandra | Triumfetta cuneata, Triumfetta neglecta | Tiliaceae | Fivestamen Burrbark |
| Triumfetta rhomboidea | | Tiliaceae | Burr Bush |
| Trollius acaulis | | Ranunculaceae | Dwarf Globe Flower |
| Tropaeolum majus | | Tropaeolaceae | Nasturtium |
| Trudelia cristata | Vanda cristata, Aerides cristatum, Luisia striata | Orchidaceae | Comb Trudelia |
| Tulipa clusiana | Tulipa stellata, Tulipa clusiana f. stellata | Liliaceae | Himalayan White Tulip |
| Tulipa spp. | | Liliaceae | Tulip |
| Turnera subulata | | Passifloraceae | White Alder |
| Turnera ulmifolia | | Passifloraceae | Yellow Alder |
| Turraea villosa | Turraea obtusifolia | Meliaceae | Kapur Bhendi |
| Turritis glabra | Arabis glabra, Arabis turritis, Arabis excelsa | Brassicaceae | Tower Mustard |
| Tussilago farfara | | Asteraceae | Coltsfoot |
| Tylophora dalzellii | | Asclepiadaceae | Dalzell Ipecac |
| Tylophora indica | Asclepias asthmatica, Tylophora asthmatica, Cynanchum indicum | Asclepiadaceae | Indian Ipecac |
| Tylophora ovata | Tylophora hirsuta, Tylophora hispida, Tylophora mollissima | Asclepiadaceae | Hairy Ipecac |
| Tylophora tenerrima | | Asclepiadaceae | Tender Himalayan Ipecac |
| Typha angustata | Typha angustifolia var. angustata | Typhaceae | Lesser Indian Reed Mace |
| Typhonium diversifolium | Heterostalis diversifolia | Araceae | Himalayan Typhonium |
| Typhonium trilobatum | Arum trilobatum, Arum orixense | Araceae | Bengal Arum |
| Ulex europaeus | | Fabaceae | Common Gorse |
| Uncarina grandidieri | | Pedaliaceae | Mouse Trap Tree |
| Uraria hamosa | Doodia hamosa | Fabaceae | Hooked Uraria |
| Uraria lagopodoides | Uraria lagopodioides, Hedysarum lagopodioides, Doodia lagopodioides | Fabaceae | Hare Foot Uraria |
| Uraria lagopus var. neglecta | Uraria neglecta, Uraria fujianensis | Fabaceae | Neglected Uraria |
| Uraria picta | Hedysarum pictum | Fabaceae | Dabra |
| Urechites lutea | | Apocynaceae | Wild Allamanda |
| Urena lobata | | Malvaceae | Caesarweed |
| Urena sinuata | Urena lobata ssp. sinuata, Urena lobata var. sinuata | Malvaceae | Burr Mallow |
| Urtica ardens | Urtica himalayensis, Urtica zayuensis | Urticaceae | Himalayan Nettle |
| Urtica dioica | | Urticaceae | Stinging Nettle |
| Urtica hyperborea | Urtica kunlunshanica | Urticaceae | Northern Nettle |
| Utricularia australis | Utricularia neglecta, Utricularia dubia, Utricularia japonica | Lentibulariaceae | Yellow Bladderwort |
| Utricularia babui | | Lentibulariaceae | Babu Bladderwort |
| Utricularia graminifolia | Utricularia purpurascens, Utricularia uliginoides, Utricularia parviflora | Lentibulariaceae | Grass Leaved Bladderwort |
| Utricularia praeterita | | Lentibulariaceae | Tiny Bladderwort |
| Utricularia reticulata | | Lentibulariaceae | Net Veined Bladderwort |
| Utricularia striatula | | Lentibulariaceae | Striped Bladderwort |
| Uvaria narum | | Annonaceae | South-Indian Uvaria |
| Vaccaria hispanica | Vaccaria pyramidata, Saponaria vaccaria | Caryophyllaceae | Cow Cockle |
| Valeriana hardwickii | Valeriana elata | Caprifoliaceae | Indian Valerian |
| Valeriana himalayana | | Caprifoliaceae | Himalayan Valerian |
| Valeriana jatamansi | Valeriana wallichii, Valeriana harmsii, Valeriana mairei | Caprifoliaceae | Jatamansi |
| Vallaris solanacea | Vallaris heynei | Apocynaceae | Bread Flower |
| Vanda bicolor | | Orchidaceae | Bicolor Vanda |
| Vanda coerulea f. luwangalba | | Orchidaceae | Luwangba's White Vanda |
| Vanda coerulea | | Orchidaceae | Blue Vanda |
| Vanda stangeana | | Orchidaceae | Stange's Vanda |
| Vanda tessellata | Epidendrum tessellatum, Vanda roxburghii, Cymbidium tessellatum | Orchidaceae | Checkered Vanda |
| Vanda testacea | | Orchidaceae | Small Flowered Vanda |
| Vandopsis parishii | | Orchidaceae | Kwaklei Nathabi |
| Vanilla planifolia | | Orchidaceae | Vanilla Creeper |
| Vateria indica | | Dipterocarpaceae | White Damar |
| Venidium fastuosum | | Asteraceae | Venidium orange |
| Venidium fastuosum 'Zulu Prince' | | Asteraceae | Venidium Zulu Prince |
| Ventilago maderaspatana | | Rhamnaceae | Red Creeper |
| Verbascum chinense | Celsia coromandeliana | Scrophulariaceae | Chinese Mullein |
| Verbascum thapsus | | Scrophulariaceae | Great Mullein |
| Verbena hybrida | | Verbenaceae | Verbena |
| Verbena officinalis | | Verbenaceae | Vervain |
| Verbesina encelioides | | Asteraceae | Golden Crownbeard |
| Vernicia fordii | Aleurites fordii | Euphorbiaceae | Tung Tree |
| Vernonia arborea | Vernonia monosis, Vernonia javanica | Asteraceae | Tree Vernonia |
| Vernonia divergens | | Asteraceae | Bandar |
| Vernonia elaeagnifolia | Vernonia eleagnifolia | Asteraceae | Curtain Creeper |
| Vernonia indica | Decaneurum dendigulense | Asteraceae | Indian Vernonia |
| Vernonia volkameriifolia | | Asteraceae | Himalayan Tree Vernonia |
| Veronica anagallis-aquatica | | Plantaginaceae | Water Speedwell |
| Veronica beccabunga subsp. muscosa | Veronica beccabunga var. muscosa, Veronica hjuleri | Plantaginaceae | Mossy Speedwell |
| Veronica capitata | | Plantaginaceae | Flowerhead Speedwell |
| Veronica laxa | | Plantaginaceae | Lax Speedwell |
| Veronica persica | | Plantaginaceae | Persian Speedwell |
| Veronica polita | Veronica didyma | Plantaginaceae | Grey Field-Speedwell |
| Veronica serpyllifolia | | Plantaginaceae | Thyme Speedwell |
| Viburnum cotinifolium | | Caprifoliaceae | Smoketree Leaved Viburnum |
| Viburnum erubescens | | Caprifoliaceae | Reddish Viburnum |
| Viburnum opulus | | Caprifoliaceae | Snowball Tree |
| Vicia bakeri | Vicia sylvatica, Vicia longidentata | Fabaceae | Wood Vetch |
| Vicia faba | | Fabaceae | Broad Bean |
| Vicia sativa subsp. nigra | Vicia sativa var. nigra, Vicia angustifolia, Vicia pilosa | Fabaceae | Black-Pod Vetch |
| Vicia sepium | | Fabaceae | Bush Vetch |
| Vicia tenera | | Fabaceae | Delicate Himalayan Vetch |
| Victoria amazonica | | Nymphaeaceae | Giant Water Lily |
| Vigna marina | Phaseolus marinus, Dolichos luteus, Vigna lutea | Fabaceae | Beach Pea |
| Vigna mungo var. mungo | Vigna mungo, Azukia mungo, Phaseolus mungo, Phaseolus viridissimus | Fabaceae | Urad |
| Vigna radiata var. sublobata | Phaseolus sublobatus, Phaseolus trinervis, Vigna sublobata | Fabaceae | Wild Moong |
| Vigna trilobata | Dolichos trilobatus, Phaseolus trilobatus, Phaseolus trilobus | Fabaceae | Wild Gram |
| Vigna unguiculata | | Fabaceae | Blackeyed Bean |
| Vigna vexillata | | Fabaceae | Zombi Pea |
| Vigna vexillata var. angustifolia | Vigna angustifolia, Plectrotropis angustifolia, Vigna vexillata var. linearis | Fabaceae | Narrow-Leaved Zombi Pea |
| Vinca major | | Apocynaceae | Large Leaf Periwinkle |
| Vinca minor | | Apocynaceae | Lesser Periwinkle |
| Vincetoxicum hirundinaria | Cynanchum vincetoxicum, Vincetoxicum vincetoxicum | Asclepiadaceae | Swallow-Wort |
| Viola betonicifolia | | Violaceae | Arrowhead Violet |
| Viola biflora | | Violaceae | Yellow Wood Violet |
| Viola canescens | Viola serpens var. canescens | Violaceae | Himalayan White Violet |
| Viola indica | Viola serpens, Viola pogonantha | Violaceae | Indian Violet |
| Viola kunawurensis | Viola thianschanica | Violaceae | Kinnaur Violet |
| Viola pilosa | Viola serpens, Viola pogonantha | Violaceae | Smooth-Leaf White Violet |
| Viola spp. | | Violaceae | Violet |
| Viola x wittrockiana | | Violaceae | Pansy |
| Viscum articulatum | Viscum nepalense | Santalaceae | Leafless Mistletoe |
| Vitex altissima | | Verbenaceae | Peacock Chaste Tree |
| Vitex leucoxylon | Wallrothia leucoxylon | Verbenaceae | White-Wood Chaste Tree |
| Vitex negundo | | Verbenaceae | Chaste Tree |
| Vitex trifolia | | Verbenaceae | Three-Leaved Chaste Tree |
| Vriesea splendens | | Bromeliaceae | Flaming Sword |
| Vriesea 'Tiffany' | | Bromeliaceae | Vriesea Tiffany |
| Wahlenbergia marginata | Campanula agrestis, Campanula indica, Campanula marginata | Campanulaceae | Asiatic Bellflower |
| Waldheimia glabra | Allardia glabra, Anthemis glabra | Asteraceae | Smooth Ground Daisy |
| Waldheimia tomentosa | Allardia tomentosa, Allardia incana, Allardia lanata | Asteraceae | White-Leaf Ground Daisy |
| Waltheria indica | Waltheria americana, Waltheria pyrolaefolia | Sterculiaceae | Sleepy Morning |
| Washingtonia filifera | | Arecaceae | California Fan Palm |
| Watsonia meriana | Watsonia meriana var. bulbillifera, Watsonia bulbillifera, Antholyza meriana | Iridaceae | Wild Bugle Lily |
| Wedelia chinensis | Solidago chinensis | Asteraceae | Chinese Wedelia |
| Wedelia trilobata | | Asteraceae | Yellow Dots |
| Wedelia urticaefolia | Verbesina urticifolia | Asteraceae | Nettle Leaved Wedelia |
| Weigela hortensis | | Caprifoliaceae | Garden Weigela |
| Wendlandia heynei | Rondeletia heynei, Rondeletia exserta, Wendlandia exserta | Rubiaceae | Tilki |
| Wendlandia thyrsoidea | Canthium thyrsoideum, Wendlandia notoniana, Cupia thyrsoidea, Ixora montana | Rubiaceae | Showla |
| Wikstroemia canescens | Daphne canescens, Daphne sericea, Diplomorpha canescens | Thymelaeaceae | Himalayan Tie Bush |
| Wisteria frutescens | Wisteria macrostachya, Wisteria frutescens var. macrostachya | Fabaceae | American Wisteria |
| Wisteria sinensis | | Fabaceae | Chinese Wisteria |
| Withania somnifera | | Solanaceae | Ashwagandha |
| Woodfordia fruticosa | Woodfordia floribunda | Lythraceae | Fire Flame Bush |
| Wrightia antidysenterica | Nerium antidysentericum, Nerium zeylanicum, Wrightia zeylanica | Apocynaceae | Arctic Snow |
| Wrightia arborea | Periploca arborea, Wrightia tomentosa | Apocynaceae | Woolly Dyeing Rosebay |
| Wrightia coccinea | Nerium coccineum | Apocynaceae | Scarlet Wrightia |
| Wrightia religiosa | Echites religiosus | Apocynaceae | Water Jasmine |
| Wrightia tinctoria | | Apocynaceae | Sweet Indrajao |
| Wulfeniopsis amherstiana | Wulfenia amherstiana | Plantaginaceae | Himalayan Wulfenia |
| Xanthium spinosum | Acanthoxanthium spinosum, Xanthium catharticum | Asteraceae | Spiny Cocklebur |
| Xanthium strumarium | Xanthium indicum | Asteraceae | Common Cocklebur |
| Xantolis tomentosa | Achras elengioides, Planchonella dongnaiensis, Sapota elengioides | Sapotaceae | Hairy Xantolis |
| Xenostegia tridentata | Merremia tridentata | Convolvulaceae | Arrow-leaf Morning Glory |
| Ximenia americana | Ximenia montana, Ximenia elliptica, Ximenia aculeata | Olacaceae | Hog Plum |
| Xylia xylocarpa | Mimosa xylocarpa, Xylia dolabriformis | Mimosaceae | Burma Ironwood |
| Xylocarpus granatum | Xylocarpus obovatus | Meliaceae | Cannonball Mangrove |
| Xylosma longifolia | | Flacourtiaceae | Dandal |
| Youngia japonica | Lactuca japonica, Prenanthes japonica, Chondrilla japonica | Asteraceae | Oriental Hawkweed |
| Yucca aloifolia | | Agavaceae | Spanish Dagger |
| Zamia furfuracea | | Zamiaceae | Cardboard Palm |
| Zantedeschia aethiopica | Calla aethiopica, Richardia africana, Richardia aethiopica, Colocasia aethiopica | Araceae | Calla Lily |
| Zantedeschia albomaculata | Richardia albomaculata, Zantedeschia melanoleuca | Araceae | Spotted Calla Lily |
| Zantedeschia elliottiana | | Araceae | Golden Calla Lily |
| Zanthoxylum armatum | Zanthoxylum alatum | Rutaceae | Winged Prickly Ash |
| Zea mays | | Poaceae | Maize |
| Zehneria scabra | Melothria perpusilla | Cucurbitaceae | Cape Zehneria |
| Zephyranthes candida | | Amaryllidaceae | Rain Lily white |
| Zephyranthes carinata | Zephyranthes grandiflora | Amaryllidaceae | Rain Lily pink |
| Zephyranthes citrina | Zephyranthes sulphurea | Amaryllidaceae | Rain Lily yellow |
| Zephyranthes primulina | | Amaryllidaceae | Primrose Rain Lily |
| Zephyranthes rosea | | Amaryllidaceae | Rain Lily Rose |
| Zeuxine longilabris | Monochilus longilabris, Monochilus affinis, Haplochilus longilabris | Orchidaceae | Long-Lipped Zeuxine |
| Zeuxine pantlingii | | Orchidaceae | Pantling's Jewel Orchid |
| Zeuxine seidenfadenii | | Orchidaceae | Seidenfaden's Lawn Orchid |
| Zeuxine strateumatica | Orchis strateumatica, Zeuxine sulcata, Adenostylis strateumatica | Orchidaceae | Lawn Orchid |
| Zingiber capitatum | | Zingiberaceae | Wild Ginger |
| Zingiber cernuum | | Zingiberaceae | Curved-Stem Ginger |
| Zingiber chrysanthum | | Zingiberaceae | Golden Flowered Ginger |
| Zingiber neesanum | Alpinia neesana, Zingiber macrostachyum | Zingiberaceae | Neesam Ginger |
| Zingiber officinale | | Zingiberaceae | Ginger |
| Zingiber rubens | | Zingiberaceae | Bengal Ginger |
| Zingiber zerumbet | Amomum zerumbet, Zerumbet zingiber, Amomum silvestre | Zingiberaceae | Shampoo Ginger |
| Zinnia elegance | | Asteraceae | Zinnia Purity White |
| Zinnia elegance | | Asteraceae | Zinnia Thumbelina |
| Zinnia elegans | | Asteraceae | Zinnia |
| Zinnia hybrida 'Profusion Orange' | | Asteraceae | Zinnia 'Profusion Orange' |
| Zinnia peruviana | Crassina multiflora, Zinnia multiflora, Zinnia pauciflora, Chrysogonum peruvianum | Asteraceae | Peruvian Zinnia |
| Ziziphus caracutta | Ziziphus glaberrima, Ziziphus xylopyra var. glaberrim | Rhamnaceae | Kath Ber |
| Ziziphus mauritiana | | Rhamnaceae | Ber |
| Ziziphus nummularia | Rhamnus nummularia, Ziziphus rotundifolia | Rhamnaceae | Jhar Beri |
| Ziziphus oenoplia | | Rhamnaceae | Jackal Jujube |
| Ziziphus rugosa | Zizyphus rugosa, Ziziphus glabra | Rhamnaceae | Wild Jujube |
| Zornia gibbosa | Zornia angustifolia, Zornia graminea | Fabaceae | Grasslike Zornia |
