Common name: Citron • Hindi: बड़ा निम्बू Bara nimbu, बिजौरा Bijaura, Kutla • Manipuri: হৈজাঙ Heijang • Marathi: महाळुंगी Mahalungi • Tamil: Marucahagam, Komattimadali • Malayalam: Matalanarakam • Telugu: Lungamu • Kannada: Rusakam • Bengali: Bara nimbu, Begpura • Konkani: Mauling • Assamese: Jora tenga • Gujarati: તુરંજ Turanj • Sanskrit: महाफल Mahaphala, Matulunga
Botanical name: Citrus medica Family: Rutaceae (Citrus family)
Citron is a large lemon-like fruit borne by a slow-growing shrub or small
tree reaching 8-15 ft high with stiff branches and stiff twigs and short or
long spines in the leaf axils. Citron is probably native to North-East India. The leaflets are evergreen, lemon-scented,
ovate-lanceolate or ovate elliptic, 2.5-7 in long, leathery, with short,
wingless or nearly wingless petioles. The flower buds are large and white
or sometimes purplish. The fragrant flowers about 4 cm wide, in short
clusters, have 4 to 5 petals, sometimes pinkish or purplish on the outside,
with 30 to 60 stamens. The fruit is fragrant, mostly oblong, obovoid or
oval, occasionally pyriform, but highly variable; various shapes and smooth
or rough fruits sometimes occurring on the same branch. The citron is
unlike the more common citrus fruit like the lemon or orange. While the
most popular citrus species are peeled in order to consume its pulpy and
juicy segments – the citron's pulp is very dry containing only little
insipid juice.
Identification credit: Eby Abraham
| Photographed in Maharashtra. |
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