Common name: Jackfruit, Jackfruit tree • Hindi: कटहल Katahal, कठल Kathal • Manipuri: থৈবোং Theibong • Marathi: फणस Phanas • Tamil: பலா Palaa • Malayalam: ചക്ക Chakka • Telugu: పనస Panas • Kannada: Halasina hannu • Bengali: কাঁঠাল Kathal • Oriya: ପନସ Panas • Sanskrit: पनसम् Panasam • Kuki: Lamphong
Botanical name: Artocarpus heterophyllus Family: Moraceae (Mulberry family) Synonyms: Artocarpus integer, Artocarpus integrifolia, Artocarpus jaca
Jackfruit is a tree which is unique in the fact that it produced huge
fruits directly from its stem. Jackfruit is most probably native of the
rain-forests of the Western Ghats. In fact, the name Jackfruit is derived
from the malayalam name chakka. The tree is handsome and stately,
30-70 ft tall, with evergreen, alternate, glossy, somewhat leathery leaves
to 9 in long, oval on mature trees, sometimes oblong or deeply lobed on
young shoots. All parts contain a sticky, white latex. Short, stout
flowering twigs emerge from the trunk and large branches, or even from the
soil-covered base of very old trees. Tiny male flowers are borne in oblong
clusters 2-4 in in length; the female flower clusters are elliptic or
rounded. Largest of all tree-borne fruits, the jackfruit may be 8-to 3 ft
long and 6-20 in wide, and the weight ranges from 10-50 kg. The "rind' or
exterior of the compound or aggregate fruit is green or yellow when ripe
and composed of numerous hard, cone-like points attached to a thick and
rubbery, pale yellow or whitish wall. The interior consists of large
"bulbs" of yellow, banana-flavored flesh, massed among narrow ribbons of
thin, tough undeveloped perianths, and a central, pithy core. Each bulb
encloses a smooth, oval, light-brown "seed" covered by a thin white
membrane. There may be 100 or up to 500 seeds in a single fruit. When
fully ripe, the unopened jackfruit emits a strong disagreeable odor,
resembling that of decayed onions, while the pulp of the opened fruit
smells of pineapple and banana.
Identification credit: Prashant Awale
| Photographed at Vasota fort, Maharashtra & Imphal, Manipur. |
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